19,987 research outputs found
Effect of low-lying fermion modes in the -regime of QCD
We investigate the effects of low-lying fermion eigenmodes on the QCD
partition function in the -regime. The fermion determinant is
approximated by a truncated product of low-lying eigenvalues of the
overlap-Dirac operator. With two flavors of dynamical quarks, we observe that
the lattice results for the lowest eigenvalue distribution, eigenvalue sum
rules and partition function reproduce the analytic predictions made by
Leutwyler and Smilga, which strongly depend on the topological charge of the
background gauge configuration. The value of chiral condensate extracted from
these measurements are consistent with each other. For one dynamical quark
flavor, on the other hand, we find an apparent disagreement among different
determinations of the chiral condensate, which may suggest the failure of the
-expansion in the absence of massless Nambu-Goldstone boson.Comment: 23 pages, 9 figure
Bank Lending in Japan: its Determinants and Macroeconomic Implications.
We examine the role of bank loans in the Japanese economy by analyzing the lending behavior of banking firms and the investment behavior of non-financial firms.BANKS ; LENDING ; ESTIMATOR
Energy Centroids of Spin States by Random Two-body Interactions
In this paper we study the behavior of energy centroids (denoted as
) of spin states in the presence of random two-body
interactions, for systems ranging from very simple systems (e.g. single-
shell for very small ) to very complicated systems (e.g., many- shells
with different parities and with isospin degree of freedom). Regularities of
's discussed in terms of the so-called geometric chaoticity (or
quasi-randomness of two-body coefficients of fractional parentage) in earlier
works are found to hold even for very simple systems in which one cannot assume
the geometric chaoticity. It is shown that the inclusion of isospin and parity
does not "break" the regularities of 's.Comment: four figures. to appear in Physical Review
Spin dependent fragmentation function at Belle
The measurement of the so far unknown chiral-odd quark transverse spin
distribution in either semi-inclusive DIS (SIDIS) or inclusive measurements in
pp collisions at RHIC has an additional chiral-odd fragmentation function
appearing in the cross section. These chiral-odd fragmentation functions (FF)
can for example be the so-called Collins FF or the Interference FF. HERMES has
given a first hint that these FFs are nonzero, however in order to measure the
transversity one needs these FFs to be precisely known. We have used 29.0
fb of data collected by the Belle experiment at the KEKB
collider to measure azimuthal asymmetries for different charge combinations of
pion pairs and thus access the Collins FF.Comment: Results presented at the DIS 2006 conference in Tsukuba, Japa
Description of two new actinosporean types from a brook of Fuji Mountain, Honshu, and from Chitose River, Hokkaido, Japan
Actinospore infection of oligochaetes living in the mud of 3 freshwater biotopes in Japan was studied. Using the cell-well plate method, a new aurantiactinomyxon type was found in 0.77 % of the examined Tubifex tubifex oligochaete specimens from a brook near Yamanashi Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station on Fuji Mountain. In 0.14 % of Lumbriculus variagetus collected from Chitose River, near Chitose Salmon Hatchery, a new siedleckiella type was found, while at the same time 8.1 % of the Lumbriculus spp. oligochaetes released triactinomyxons of Myxobolus arcticus. Of the examined Rhyacodrilus komarovi oligochaetes collected from the Mena River system, Hokkaido, 0.2, 0.6, 0.5 and 0.8% were infected with echinactinomyxon, neoactinomyxum and 2 types of triactinomyxon spores, respectively, and described in our previous paper. The oligochaetes released actinospores for several weeks. Actinospore infection showed high intensity in positive oligochaetes in the case of all the actinosporean types. Two of the actinospore types (aurantiactinomyxon and siedleckiella) presented here have not been previously described
Effects of antibodies against dynein and tubulin on the stiffness of flagellar axonemes
Antidynein antibodies, previously shown to inhibit flagellar oscillation and active sliding of axonemal microtubules, increase the bending resistance of axonemes measured under relaxing conditions, but not the bending resistance of axonemes measured under rigor conditions. These observations suggest that antidynein antibodies can stabilize rigor cross-bridges between outer-doublet microtubules, by interfering with ATP-induced cross-bridge detachment. Stabilization of a small number of cross-bridge appears to be sufficient to cause substantial inhibition of the frequency of flagellar oscillation. Antitubulin antibodies, previously shown to inhibit flagellar oscillation without inhibiting active sliding of axonemal microtubules, do not increase the static bending resistance of axonemes. However, we observed a viscoelastic effect, corresponding to a large increase in the immediate bending resistance. This immediate bending resistance increase may be sufficient to explain inhibition of flagellar oscillation; but several alternative explanations cannot yet be excluded
Equivalence between Schwinger and Dirac schemes of quantization
This paper introduces the modified version of Schwinger's quantization
method, in which the information on constraints and the choice of gauge
conditions are included implicitly in the choice of variations used in
quantization scheme. A proof of equivalence between Schwinger- and
Dirac-methods for constraint systems is given.Comment: 12pages, No figures, Latex, The proof is improved and one reference
is adde
Strings in five-dimensional anti-de Sitter space with a symmetry
The equation of motion of an extended object in spacetime reduces to an
ordinary differential equation in the presence of symmetry. By properly
defining of the symmetry with notion of cohomogeneity, we discuss the method
for classifying all these extended objects. We carry out the classification for
the strings in the five-dimensional anti-de Sitter space by the effective use
of the local isomorphism between \SO(4,2) and \SU(2,2). We present a
general method for solving the trajectory of the Nambu-Goto string and apply to
a case obtained by the classification, thereby find a new solution which has
properties unique to odd-dimensional anti-de Sitter spaces. The geometry of the
solution is analized and found to be a timelike helicoid-like surface
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