Clinical risk stratification model for advanced colorectal neoplasia in persons with negative fecal immunochemical test results

<div><p>Objectives</p><p>The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) has low sensitivity for detecting advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACRN); thus, a considerable portion of FIT-negative persons may have ACRN. We aimed to develop a risk-scoring model for predicting ACRN in FIT-negative persons.</p><p>Materials and methods</p><p>We reviewed the records of participants aged ≥40 years who underwent a colonoscopy and FIT during a health check-up. We developed a risk-scoring model for predicting ACRN in FIT-negative persons.</p><p>Results</p><p>Of 11,873 FIT-negative participants, 255 (2.1%) had ACRN. On the basis of the multivariable logistic regression model, point scores were assigned as follows among FIT-negative persons: age (per year from 40 years old), 1 point; current smoker, 10 points; overweight, 5 points; obese, 7 points; hypertension, 6 points; old cerebrovascular attack (CVA), 15 points. Although the proportion of ACRN in FIT-negative persons increased as risk scores increased (from 0.6% in the group with 0–4 points to 8.1% in the group with 35–39 points), it was significantly lower than that in FIT-positive persons (14.9%). However, there was no statistical difference between the proportion of ACRN in FIT-negative persons with ≥40 points and in FIT-positive persons (10.5% vs. 14.9%, <i>P</i> = 0.321).</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>FIT-negative persons may need to undergo screening colonoscopy if they clinically have a high risk of ACRN. The scoring model based on age, smoking habits, overweight or obesity, hypertension, and old CVA may be useful in selecting and prioritizing FIT-negative persons for screening colonoscopy.</p></div

Effect of Vanadium Oxide Loading for the Simultaneous NO Reduction and Hg⁰ Oxidation over a V₂O₅‑WO₃/TiO₂ Catalyst

Simultaneous NO reduction (NOred) and Hg0 oxidation (Hg0oxi) in the exhaust gas of a coal-fired power plant were studied by using V2O5-WO3/TiO2. The increase in vanadia contents and temperature concurrently increased NOred and Hg0oxi. However, the increase in NH3 increased NOred but decreased Hg0oxi and the increase in HCl increased Hg0oxi. At 350 °C, when the vanadia content and HCl and NH3 concentrations were less than 2.5%, 40 ppm, and 400 ppm, respectively, rate constants of Hg0oxi and NOred were between 2031 to 23,655 and 131 to 737 m3·mol–1·s–1, respectively. NOred and Hg0oxi rate constants were increased by the increase in vanadia contents, although the NOred rate constants were similar at 2.0 and 2.5% vanadia contents due to the surface saturation. Using 2.0% vanadia contents with a minimum HCl concentration of 10 ppm, more than 85% NO and Hg0 can be removed under simulated flue gas conditions

Point assignments for predicting advanced colorectal neoplasia in persons with negative fecal immunochemical test results.

<p>Point assignments for predicting advanced colorectal neoplasia in persons with negative fecal immunochemical test results.</p

Factors associated with advanced colorectal neoplasia according to the fecal immunochemical test results.

<p>Factors associated with advanced colorectal neoplasia according to the fecal immunochemical test results.</p

The number of persons and proportion of ACRN according to the risk scores in the FIT-negative group.

<p>Red bar graphs represent the number of persons in each risk group. Black points and bars represent the proportions of ACRN and their 95% confidence intervals. Statistical significance represents the difference in proportion of ACRN between each risk group and the FIT-positive group. ACRN, advanced colorectal neoplasia; FIT, fecal immunochemical test; NS, not significant. **<i>P</i> < 0.01, *<i>P</i> < 0.05.</p