Rapid Destruction of Tetrabromobisphenol A by Iron(III)-Tetraamidomacrocyclic Ligand/Layered Double Hydroxide Composite/H₂O₂ System

Iron­(III)-tetraamidomacrocyclic ligand (Fe­(III)-TAML) activators have received widespread attentions for their abilities to activate hydrogen peroxide to oxidize many organic pollutants. In this study, Fe­(III)-TAML/layered double hydroxide (LDH) composite was developed by intercalating Fe­(III)-TAML into the interlayer of LDH. Electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding might account for the adsorption of Fe­(III)-TAML on LDH. The newly synthesized Fe­(III)-TAML/LDH composite showed superior reactivity as indicated by efficient decomposition of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, which can be fully degraded within 20 s and the degradation rate increased up to 8 times compared to free Fe­(III)-TAML. In addition, the toxicity of the system was significantly reduced after the reaction. The higher reactivity of Fe­(III)-TAML/LDH system is attributed to the enhanced adsorption of TBBPA on LDH, which could increase the contact possibility between Fe­(III)-TAML and TBBPA. On the basis of the analysis of reaction intermediates, β-scission at the middle carbon atom and C–Br bond cleavage in phenyl ring of TBBPA were involved in the degradation process. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that the Fe­(III)-TAML/LDH composite can be reused several times, which could lower the overall cost for environmental implication and render Fe­(III)-TAML/LDH as the potential environmentally friendly catalyst for future wastewater treatment under mild reaction conditions

Profiles of different results shown in Fig 7.

<p>(a) Profile of the reconstructed images with input or extracted geometrical parameters without offset in the 242^th row. (b) Profile of the reconstructed images with or without geometrical calibration with 1-pixel offset in the 275^th row. (c) Profile of the reconstructed images with or without geometrical calibration with 2-pixel offset in the 300^th row. (d) Profile of the reconstructed images with or without geometrical calibration with 5-pixel offset in the 335^th row.</p

The SEM results of the relationships among variables.

The SEM results of the relationships among variables.</p

The hypothesized model of the study.

Based on the job demands-resources model, this study explored the relationships among emotional labor strategies, job demands of teaching, job resources, and teaching efficacy for university teachers. The results, based on a sample of 316 university teachers from China, showed that the teachers preferred to convey authenticity by expressing deep acting and naturally felt emotion. Furthermore, deep acting and naturally felt emotions were found to have a significant positive effect on teaching efficacy, whereas surface acting did not have any significant relationship with teaching efficacy. As organizational variables, job demands significantly positively affected surface acting, deep acting, and naturally felt emotion. In contrast, job resources positively affected surface and deep acting, but no significant relationship with naturally felt emotions was found. These results highlight that university teachers from China could benefit from adopting authentic emotional labor strategies, specifically deep acting and naturally felt emotions, as the most effective strategies in teaching. Based on the above findings, this paper concludes with recommendations for university administrators to alleviate the emotional labor of college faculty. For example, universities should pay more attention to teachers’ emotional state, provide resources to support them, and give more space and support to college teachers in teaching.</div

Descriptive statistics and correlation matrix.

Based on the job demands-resources model, this study explored the relationships among emotional labor strategies, job demands of teaching, job resources, and teaching efficacy for university teachers. The results, based on a sample of 316 university teachers from China, showed that the teachers preferred to convey authenticity by expressing deep acting and naturally felt emotion. Furthermore, deep acting and naturally felt emotions were found to have a significant positive effect on teaching efficacy, whereas surface acting did not have any significant relationship with teaching efficacy. As organizational variables, job demands significantly positively affected surface acting, deep acting, and naturally felt emotion. In contrast, job resources positively affected surface and deep acting, but no significant relationship with naturally felt emotions was found. These results highlight that university teachers from China could benefit from adopting authentic emotional labor strategies, specifically deep acting and naturally felt emotions, as the most effective strategies in teaching. Based on the above findings, this paper concludes with recommendations for university administrators to alleviate the emotional labor of college faculty. For example, universities should pay more attention to teachers’ emotional state, provide resources to support them, and give more space and support to college teachers in teaching.</div

Construct validity analysis.

Based on the job demands-resources model, this study explored the relationships among emotional labor strategies, job demands of teaching, job resources, and teaching efficacy for university teachers. The results, based on a sample of 316 university teachers from China, showed that the teachers preferred to convey authenticity by expressing deep acting and naturally felt emotion. Furthermore, deep acting and naturally felt emotions were found to have a significant positive effect on teaching efficacy, whereas surface acting did not have any significant relationship with teaching efficacy. As organizational variables, job demands significantly positively affected surface acting, deep acting, and naturally felt emotion. In contrast, job resources positively affected surface and deep acting, but no significant relationship with naturally felt emotions was found. These results highlight that university teachers from China could benefit from adopting authentic emotional labor strategies, specifically deep acting and naturally felt emotions, as the most effective strategies in teaching. Based on the above findings, this paper concludes with recommendations for university administrators to alleviate the emotional labor of college faculty. For example, universities should pay more attention to teachers’ emotional state, provide resources to support them, and give more space and support to college teachers in teaching.</div

Geometric calibration of a stationary digital breast tomosynthesis system based on distributed carbon nanotube X-ray source arrays - Fig 5

<p>Comparisons of input values and extracted values of the coordinates of the CNT sources (Zs) (a) and the coordinates of the sources’ projections (<i>v</i>) (b).</p

Projections of the calibration phantom for all CNT X-ray sources, taking the projections of the 1st, 6th, 11th, 12th, 17th and 22nd source (see Fig 4) as examples.

<p>Projections of the calibration phantom for all CNT X-ray sources, taking the projections of the 1st, 6th, 11th, 12th, 17th and 22nd source (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0188367#pone.0188367.g004" target="_blank">Fig 4</a>) as examples.</p

Schematic of the projection and coordinate system.

<p>Schematic of the projection and coordinate system.</p

Schematic representation of the imaging geometry, with two linear arrays of CNT sources arranged opposite the detectors to form the rectangular sDBT system.

<p>Schematic representation of the imaging geometry, with two linear arrays of CNT sources arranged opposite the detectors to form the rectangular sDBT system.</p