Effects Of The Law On The Marketing Of Infant Foods In Ghana

Six years into the implementation of the Ghana Breastfeeding Promotion Regulations 2000 (LI 1667), this paper takes a look at how the implementation of the regulations has affected both the promotion of commercial infant foods and mothers feeding options in Ghana. The study reveals that the regulations have restricted promotion of designated products to health care facilities basically to the provision of technical informational materials to health workers and promotion through labeling of products. Direct advertisement of designated products to the general public was virtually non existent through out the study, though there was a general lack of awareness of the existence of the regulations on the part of the general public. The study further suggests that mothers feeding options have been influenced by both the existence of the regulation and the strong breast feeding advocacy together with the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative. Most mothers choose to breastfeed either exclusively or sometimes with water for the first three months of their babies life. The paper further reveals that mothers generally supplemented with other foods not only infant formula from the fourth month onwards because of employment and other social and economic reasons. These practices are quite different from the years before the Regulations. Enhanced enforcement of the Regulation, awareness creation and further research into impact of the regulations and other infant feeding practices could result in significant gains in compliance and appropriate infant feeding practices

TMEFF2 is an epigenetic modulator that promotes androgen independent growth in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells

While the ability to detect PCa has improved significantly due to PSA screenings, the survival rate for men diagnosed with PCa has remained stagnant, and the disease remains the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in men. Most patients initially respond to androgen deprivation treatment; however, a significant percentage of patients relapse with currently untreatable castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), during which the PCa cells develop the ability to grow in androgen depleted conditions. The androgen receptor (AR) plays a vital role in prostate development and homeostasis, and the deregulation of AR drives PCa tumorigenesis and progression to CRPC. Delineating molecular mechanisms that contribute to AR activity and/or PCa cell growth in androgen-depleted conditions may aid in the development of future CRPC therapies Epigenetic alterations play a critical role in differentiation during development, and aberrations in epigenetic regulation are associated with tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Two types of epigenetic modifications, DNA methylation and the methylation of multiple histone lysines, play significant roles in prostate cancer (PCa). Many histone methyltransferases (HMT) and demethylases (HDM), including the JMJD2 family of histone demethyalses, act as coregulators of AR, and many of these enzymes are implicated in CRPC. Because of this, HDMSs and HMTs have proven as attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. We have been studying TMEFF2, a protein that is regulated transcriptionally and translationally by the AR, and is overexpressed in PCa and CRPC suggesting a role in this disease. Data presented here demonstrate that TMEFF2 modulates JMJD2 controlled methyl histone marks and increases growth in androgen depleted conditions in CRPC cells. In correlation with its effect on histone methylation and growth, TMEFF2 overexpression increases resistance to the anti-growth effects of the pan-jumonji demethylase inhibitor, JIB-04, suggesting that TMEFF2 modulates growth, at least in part, by increasing jumonji demethylase activity. Additionally, TMEFF2 positively regulates PSA expression without altering AR levels in CRPC cells, indicating that TMEFF2 is a novel activator of AR. All together this data suggests a model in which TMEFF2, by modulating the activity of AR and JMJD2 enzymes, increases CRPC cell growth. Because CRPC remains to be a significant obstacle in the successful treatment of metastatic PCa, the results presented have the potential to be of therapeutic value.M.S

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR SMART E-LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IBRAHIM BABANGIDA LIBRARY, MODIBBO ADAMA UNIVERSITY YOLA, NIGERIA

This study investigates the design of a Conceptual framework for Smart E-library Management System for use by the Ibrahim Babangida Library, Modibbo Adama University, Yola. The study is guided by 2 objectives to help in overcoming the current challenges being encountered in the management of eResources and planning. The research study is designed to help staff enhance performance in providing library services electronically; it helps students reduce rigour of manual usage, it will guide ICT directorate develop a blueprint in developing software for libraries and add to existing body of knowledge. This study also evaluated an existing framework that is based on cloud computing and came with a server based Smart E-Library Management System. The study concluded that Smart e-Library Management System is an essential component in the academic library. The study focuses on concept, access, management, services and ease of access via the browser-based platform. This help in obtaining much resources as possible from the users for the library, and this include post graduate theses and dissertations. The design and development of Smart Elibrary Management System if adopted by the Ibrahim Babangida library, it will resolve the current e-resources management crisis

Technology-Facilitated Domestic and Family Violence: Protecting the Privacy and Safety of Victim-Survivors

Technology and privacy can be a double-edged sword for those experiencing domestic and family violence (DFV). Technology can be a mechanism for abuse and coercive control but is also offered to victim-survivors as a ‘solution’ to reduce risk and protect their safety. In theory, the law protects the privacy rights of victim-survivors, but poor practice and lapses in security mean that their information is often shared with those who seek to harm them. Perpetrators, particularly alleged perpetrators, also have a right to privacy, making it more difficult to protect victim-survivors. This paper analyses technology-facilitated domestic and family violence (TFDFV) through a privacy lens—drawing on privacy and DFV literature (and the little that lies at the intersection) and doctrinal analysis of Australian and New Zealand privacy and related laws applied to TFDFV. Recommendations are provided to better protect victim-survivors at the intersection of safety, technology and privacy. While the paper focuses on the Australian and New Zealand context, it hopes to motivate similar questions in other jurisdictions

Investment on Automated Teller Machines and Banks’ Customer Satisfaction in Nigeria

The issue associated with off banking hall and off hour transactions is currently taking a center stage in the Nigerian banking sector which influenced banks to provide Automated Teller Machines in order to dispense cash, make financial enquiries as well as funds transfers for the purpose of rendering efficient banking services to customers. But recently in Nigeria, deposits were also made through them in some banks. In Nigeria, it performances was bedeviled by some factors which necessitated this paper to focus on the relationship between investment on Automated Teller Machines and customers satisfaction using selected Banks in Nigeria. The study made use of secondary data obtained from annual reports and financial statement of sampled banks quoted in the Nigerian Stock Exchange for the period 2001-2010. Data were analyzed through the Ordinary Least Square regression model using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Finding revealed that investment on Automated Teller Machines, related software and hardware had a significant impact on banks’ customer satisfaction as measured by Total Deposit. The study recommends that banks should increase their investment on Automated Teller Machines, focus more on data security aspect and service diversification in order to build a strong and reliable relationship with customers for increased profitability Keywords: Automated Teller Machines, Banks, Customer Satisfaction, Hardware, Software, Total Deposits, Profitabilit

Out on the Land: Income, Subsistence Activities, and Food Sharing Networks in Nain, Labrador

In recent Inuit ethnography, a major concern has been how and to what extent contemporary Inuit participate in and depend on subsistence activities, particularly in the context of increasing wage employment and growing participation in the cash economy. This paper provides an analysis of these activities in the predominately Inuit community of Nain, Labrador. Using social network data and demographic information collected between January and June 2010, we examine the interconnections between subsistence activities—obtaining “country food” through activities such as hunting, fishing, and collecting—with access to the means of obtaining subsistence resources (such as snow mobiles, cabins, and boats), employment status, and income. Our data indicate that individuals with higher employment status and income tend to be more central to the network of subsistence food sharing, but not because they have greater access to hunting tools or equipment (they do not).We conclude that those individuals who play the most central role in the network are those who are financially able to do so, regardless of access to hunting tools/means

Relocation Redux: Labrador Inuit Population Movements and Inequalities in the Land Claims Era

The importance of community relocation experiences for aboriginal land claims movements is well documented; the role played by successful land claims in prompting ongoing out-migration is not. Data collected in 2011 on the lives of migrants are used to test three hypotheses: H1, Inuit leaving the land claims area for a nearby nonaboriginal city show markedly different social outcomes based on the length of time since migration; H2, these social outcomes map onto patterns of intergroup boundaries in their new communities; and H3, both of these outcomes are better explained by migration patterns after the land claims than by the ethnic/racial exclusion that has been the focus of past research on inequality in the region. This analysis takes advantage of social network techniques used to study hard-to-reach populations, showing how these methods can be used to address broader questions of community structure and cohesion during rapid social change. Conclusions focus on the experiences of migrants on the margins of sending and receiving communities and what they can tell us about the role played by aboriginal land claims in the culture politics of industrial resource extraction

Smart E-library Management System Based on User Behaviour in Ibrahim Babangida Library, Modibbo Adama University Yola, Nigeria

This study is designed to explore user behaviour and overall user’s usage behaviour based on use of electronic information resources. The purpose of the study is to evaluate and develop user friendly smart e-library management system and to ascertain the extent to which users will increase their use of smart e-library management system based on usage of e-resources by user per time. Rapid Application Development methodology and Matomo data analytics was used to present results in graphical charts and curves. The results obtained as overall users’ behaviour analytic shows that the whole registered users behaviour accessed the e-resources and used the smart e-library Management System to their satisfaction. After examining the characteristics of the existing systems and their bottleneck. It was established that such system need improvement in the future especially in the area of data processing. It was recommended that management of Modibbo Adama University Yola in future research should include and expand the existing framework to enable it evaluate data, it was also recommended that Microsoft silver light software be used in the next upgrade because of its improved functionalities and flexibility and finally, it was strongly recommended that oracle should be used in the next upgrade so as to improve data security