205,828 research outputs found
Mobile support in CSCW applications and groupware development frameworks
Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) is an established subset of the field of Human Computer Interaction that deals with the how people use computing technology to enhance group interaction and collaboration. Mobile CSCW has emerged as a result of the progression from personal desktop computing to the mobile device platforms that are ubiquitous today.
CSCW aims to not only connect people and facilitate communication through using computers; it aims to provide conceptual models coupled with technology to manage, mediate, and assist collaborative processes. Mobile CSCW research looks to fulfil these aims through the adoption of mobile technology and consideration for the mobile user. Facilitating collaboration using mobile devices brings new challenges. Some of these challenges are inherent to the nature of the device hardware, while others focus on the understanding of how to engineer software to maximize effectiveness for the end-users. This paper reviews seminal and state-of-the-art cooperative software applications and development frameworks, and their support for mobile devices
Stress Reduction: A neighborhood introduction
Responding to reported health concerns a stress reduction program was developed for residents of an urban Latino neighborhood struggling with poverty, crime, and limited access to healthcare. The revised Health Promotion Model (HPM) was used as a framework (Pender, 1996). A qualitative study testing a 5-week Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR) intervention was imbedded into the program 18 months after its implementation. Utilizing a pre/post test design participants were predicted to demonstrate significant reductions in post-intervention mean scores for 3 self-report measures, the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale, General Sleep Disturbance Scale, and a modified Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale. A 91% drop in participation compared to prior attendance levels precluded measuring the dependent variables. Comparing the MBSR intervention with prior instruction attempts to explicate this unexpected outcome, supporting the potential explanatory possibilities of the HPM and informing the need for further studies ofMBSR in cultural contexts
Reciprocating magnetic refrigerator employing tandem porous matrices within a reciprocating displacer
Disclosed is a method and apparatus for a magnetic refrigeration system. A continuously reciprocating displacer houses at least a pair of paramagnetic substances each of which is alternately driven into and out of a magnetic field. Two separate bidirectional pumping systems flow helium gas through the displacer and through both paramagnetic substances to create heat exchange conditions at two separate temperature extremes
Chebyshev minimax control theory
General, closed-form, analytical solutions are determined for certain classes of C-minimax control problems, several alternative mathematical theories are derived, and a controller design theory is developed to give optimal control in the presence of unmeasureable external disturbances
Global Institutional Philanthropy: A Preliminary Status Report
Philanthropy is growing and gaining visibility around the world. Private giving has an increasingly important role in addressing human suffering, promoting social justice and equitable economic growth, and strengthening and supporting a broad array of civil society goals and organizations. Yet as a field of study -- if indeed it is a "field" of study -- global philanthropy is in its infancy. It defies definition at the same time that it provokes interest and inquiry. While many have contributed to our understanding of global giving, it is fair to say that there are no individual or institutional experts. Reliable giving data can be found in only a limited number of countries. Globally comparable data is non-existent. Careful analysis of philanthropic giving through a global lens is hard to find. Given the vast and uncharted landscape of global philanthropy, any effort to define its boundaries or describe its contours is likely to be misleading. Such efforts are equally likely to obscure or at least only partially represent the rich diversity and complexity of philanthropy as it is practiced in countries and cultures around the world
Mesoscale ageostrophic circulations associated with baroclinic jet streaks
Studies of ageostrophic motion attending jet streaks and convection are examined. Various types of dynamical experiments are carried out with the hybrid isentropic-sigma coordinate model. The effects of vorticity and static stability distributions on the intensity of secondary circulations forced by inertial accelerations as well as the superposition of an amplifying baroclinic wave on the jet streak structure are investigated
I\u27m More Than the Sum of My Parts : Multiracial Identities and the Creation of Racial Meaning
This paper examines the ways that multiracial individuals understand and give meaning to their identities. Specifically, how do we—as a culture and as individuals—conceptualize and construct multiracial identities? What is the relationship between the way people identify themselves and the way they are identified by others? What do people mean when they say they are mixed race? Through a series of in-depth interviews with 11 individuals who self-identify as multiracial or mixed race, I find that racial identities are fundamentally multifaceted; they can be asserted by an individual, ascribed by an outsider, deeply rooted in culture and heritage, employed as a way of creating community, and a source of discrimination or privilege. I go on to argue that conflict between the way that someone self-identifies and the way they are identified by others can influence the way that they construct the meaning of their own identity, and the way that they present this identity to others. I draw a distinction between the concepts of multiracial identities as a blending of cultures and mixed race as a stand-alone racial category with a unique set of experiences and characteristics, and examine the purposes that these theoretical frameworks serve
Chemically-Mediated quantum criticality in NbFe_2
Laves-phase Nb{1+c}Fe_{2-c} is a rare itinerant intermetallic compound
exhibiting magnetic quantum criticality at c_{cr}=1.5%Nb excess; its origin,
and how alloying mediates it, remains an enigma. For NbFe_2, we show that an
unconventional band critical point (uBCP) above the Fermi level E_F explains
most observations, and that chemical alloying mediates access to this uBCP by
an increase in E_F with decreasing electrons (increasing %Nb), counter to
rigid-band concepts. We calculate that E_F enters the uBCP region for c_{cr} >
1.5%Nb and by 1.74%Nb there is no Nb site-occupation preference between
symmetry-distinct Fe sites, i.e., no electron-hopping disorder, making
resistivity near constant as observed. At larger Nb (Fe) excess, the
ferromagnetic Stoner criterion is satisfied.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Laser velocimeter measurements of high-speed compressible flows
Laser velocimeter results were compared and found to be consistent with those obtained with conventional measurement techniques and existing compressible boundary layer theory. Turbulence information at supersonic speed has been successfully obtained in compressible boundary layer with laser system
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