Dynamiczna analiza finansowa w zakladzie ubezpieczen - koncepcja, przebieg i zastosowanie

Dynamiczna analiza finansowa stala sie narzedziem niezastapionym i wszechstronnie wykorzystywanym w zakladach ubezpieczen. Proces dynamicznej analizy finansowej nie jest przypadkowy, obejmuje generator scenariusza stochastycznego, wejscia i wyjscia. Integruje roznorodne modele i techniki z obszaru finansow i matematyki aktuarialnej w jeden zlozony „wielowariantowy” model symulacji dynamicznej. To nowoczesne podejscie do zarzadzania ryzykiem i podejmowania decyzji pozwala na zintegrowana i holistyczna analize ilosciowa wszystkich istotnych czynnikow ryzyka dotykajacych ubezpieczyciela, pomagajac kierownictwu w doskonaleniu strategii firmy.metody symulacji statystycznych, techniki optymalizacyjne, zaklady ubezpieczen

Corrigendum: To Be or Not to Be Expressed: The First Evidence of a Nucleolar Dominance Tissue-Specificity in Brachypodium hybridum

This corrects the article "To Be or Not to Be Expressed: The First Evidence of a Nucleolar Dominance Tissue-Specificity in Brachypodium hybridum" in volume 12, 768347

To Be or Not to Be Expressed: The First Evidence of a Nucleolar Dominance Tissue-Specificity in Brachypodium hybridum

Nucleolar dominance (ND) is an epigenetic, developmentally regulated phenomenon that describes the selective inactivation of 35S rDNA loci derived from one progenitor of a hybrid or allopolyploid. The presence of ND was documented in an allotetraploid grass, Brachypodium hybridum (genome composition DDSS), which is a polyphyletic species that arose from crosses between two putative ancestors that resembled the modern B. distachyon (DD) and B. stacei (SS). In this work, we investigated the developmental stability of ND in B. hybridum genotype 3-7-2 and compared it with the reference genotype ABR113. We addressed the question of whether the ND is established in generative tissues such as pollen mother cells (PMC). We examined condensation of rDNA chromatin by fluorescence in situ hybridization employing stateof- art confocal microscopy. The transcription of rDNA homeologs was determined by reverse-transcription cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence analysis. In ABR113, the ND was stable in all tissues analyzed (primary and adventitious root, leaf, and spikes). In contrast, the 3-7-2 individuals showed a strong upregulation of the S-genome units in adventitious roots but not in other tissues. Microscopic analysis of the 3-7-2 PMCs revealed extensive decondensation of the D-genome loci and their association with the nucleolus in meiosis. As opposed, the S-genome loci were always highly condensed and localized outside the nucleolus. These results indicate that genotype-specific loss of ND in B. hybridum occurs probably after fertilization during developmental processes. This finding supports our view that B. hybridum is an attractive model to study ND in grasses

DYNAMIC FINANCIAL ANALYSIS IN THE INSURANCE COMPANY – CONCEPTION, PROCESS AND APPLICATION (Dynamiczna analiza finansowa w zakladzie ubezpieczen - koncepcja, przebieg i zastosowanie)

Dynamic Financial Analysis has become the irreplaceable and comprehensively used tool used by insurance companies. The process of Dynamic Financial Analysis is not accidental, it involves the stochastic scenario generator, input and output. It integrates various models and techniques from finance and actuarial science into one 'multivariate' dynamic simulation model. That modern approach to risk management and decision making provides for the integrated and holistic quantitative analysis of all significant risk factors affecting the insurer, helping management improve the business strategy