Multivariable nonparametric smoothed relationship between pericardial fat volume in cm3 and right ventricular (RV) parameters with adjustment for age, gender, race, height, weight, study site, education level, exercise habits, and smoking status including pack years smoked (black line).

<p>Gray lines represent 95% Confidence intervals. The relationship between pericardial fat and (A) RV mass, (B) RV end diastolic volume (EDV), (C) RV end systolic volume, (D) RV stroke volume (SV), (E) ejection fraction (EF).</p

Multivariable linear regression estimating associations between pericardial fat and right ventricular structure and function (n = 3,988).

<p>Multivariable linear regression estimating associations between pericardial fat and right ventricular structure and function (n = 3,988).</p

Study sample.

<p>MESA = Multi- Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging; RV = right ventricle.</p

Associations between mammographic measures (per standard deviation difference) and risk of mortality.

<p>^a Model 1 unadjusted; ^b Model 2 age-adjusted; ^c Model 3 adjusted for age, education, race, smoking history, type of mammogram (xerogram versus x-ray), diabetes and heart disease. ^d Model 4 adjusted for Model 2 covariates plus body mass index. P value from Wald statistic. All statistical tests were two-sided. Abbreviations-CI: confidence interval, HR: hazard ratio.</p

Spearman correlations (r) of age, continuous mammographic measures and BMI^<b>a</b>.

a<p>P<0.001 for all correlations. Abbreviation-BMI: body mass index </p

Associations between percentiles of mammographic measures and risk of mortality.

<p>^a Model 1 unadjusted; ^b Model 2 age-adjusted; ^c Model 3 adjusted for age, education, race, smoking history, type of mammogram (xerogram versus x-ray), diabetes and heart disease. ^d Model 4 adjusted for Model 2 covariates plus body mass index. P value from Wald statistic to test for an overall effect of categories of mammographic measures. All statistical tests were two-sided. Abbreviations-CI: confidence interval, HR: hazard ratio.</p

Characteristics of the overall analytical sample and by percentiles of nondense mammographic area.

<p>Comparisons between groups from ANOVA for continuous variables and Chi-Square test for categorical variables. P value from Wald statistic to test for an overall effect across percentiles of nondense mammographic area. ^a Log-transformed cm², ^b Square root-transformed cm² and percent. Abbreviations-BMI: body mass index, IQR: interquartile range</p

Association between body fat composition measures and anthropometry by sex in MESA.

<p>Regression equation for body fat composition by anthropometry and sex: Ln body fat composition = β0₁ + β0₂(sex) + β1(X) + β2(X²) + β3(sex*X). Intercept = β0₁ + β0₂, Linear = β1 <b>+</b> β3, Quadratic = β2, P-value for difference by sex = p-value for β3. Centering: height—160cm, weight—50kg, BMI—20 kg/m², waist—100cm, hip—100cm, waist to hip—0.7, waist to height—0.4.</p><p>Association between body fat composition measures and anthropometry by sex in MESA.</p

Lowess of Visceral Fat and Subcutaneous Fat by Sex in 1851 Adults in the MESA Body Composition ancillary Study.

<p>Lowess of Visceral Fat and Subcutaneous Fat by Sex in 1851 Adults in the MESA Body Composition ancillary Study.</p

Characteristics (Mean (SD) or Percentile) of 1851 Adults^a Aged 45–84 in the MESA Body Composition Ancillary Study by Body Composition Quartile^b.

<p>a. Participants on Thiazolidinediones and observations with Cook's Distance >0.025 excluded.</p><p>b. Quartile cutoffs are equivalent to 97.7, 138.2, 193.6 cm² visceral fat170.7, 235.1, 311.1 cm² subcutaneous fat on the original scale</p><p>c. Diabetes diagnosed as ≥126 mg/dl fasting glucose</p><p>Characteristics (Mean (SD) or Percentile) of 1851 Adults<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0139559#t001fn001" target="_blank">^a</a> Aged 45–84 in the MESA Body Composition Ancillary Study by Body Composition Quartile<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0139559#t001fn002" target="_blank">^b</a>.</p