sj-pdf-2-car-10.1177_19476035241245803 – Supplemental material for The Interplay Between Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress in Chondrocyte Catabolism

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-car-10.1177_19476035241245803 for The Interplay Between Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress in Chondrocyte Catabolism by Yu Jung Kim, Jin Han and Seungwoo Han in CARTILAGE</p

sj-pdf-1-car-10.1177_19476035241245803 – Supplemental material for The Interplay Between Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress in Chondrocyte Catabolism

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-car-10.1177_19476035241245803 for The Interplay Between Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress in Chondrocyte Catabolism by Yu Jung Kim, Jin Han and Seungwoo Han in CARTILAGE</p

Aqueous/Nonaqueous Hybrid Electrolyte for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Here, we report an aqueous/nonaqueous hybrid electrolyte based on sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate with an expanded electrochemical window up to 2.8 V and high conductivity (∼25 mS cm^–1 at 20 °C). The hybrid electrolyte inherits the safety characteristic of aqueous electrolytes and the electrochemical stability of nonaqueous systems, enabling stable and reversible operation of the Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃/NaTi₂(PO₄)₃ sodium-ion battery

Water-Soluble and Clickable Segmented Hyperbranched Polymers for Multifunctionalization and Novel Architecture Construction

A series of novel and narrowly polydispersed regular chain-segmented hyperbranched poly­(tertiary amino methacrylate)­s (HPTAM)­s with hydrophilic core and hydrophobic shell were synthesized via the combination of self-condensing vinyl copolymerization (SCVCP) and reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) methodology. 2-(Dimethylamino)­ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and 2-((2-(((dodecylthio)­carbonothioyl)­thio)-2-methylpropanoyl)­oxy)­ethyl acrylate (ACDT) at various molar feed ratios (γ, [DMAEMA]:[ACDT]) were chosen as monomers for linear segment formation of the structure. The copolymerization kinetics revealed that during the polymerization the real-time γ value kept almost constant and was consistent with the initial feed ratio. So HPTAMs possesses regular linear chains between every two neighboring branching units, which closely resemble HyperMacs in structure. Fast click-like Menschutkin reaction (i.e., quaternarization) of the segmented hyperbranched polymers with propargyl bromide and 2-azidoethyl 2-bromoacetate readily afforded water-soluble and clickable poly­(propargyl quaternary ammonium methacrylate) (HPPrAM) and poly­(azide quaternary ammonium methacrylate) (HPAzAM), respectively. Through Cu­(I)-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), the HPPrAMs were functionalized with 1-azidododecane and 2-azidoethyl 2-bromoisobutyrate, giving birth to amphiphilic hyperbranched polyelectrolytes (or hyperbranched surfactants) and hyperbranched ATRP macroinitiators, respectively. The HPAzAMs were efficiently decorated with monoalkynyl poly­(ethylene glycol) (PEG-Alk) via CuAAC, generating dendritic polymer brushes, a novel architecture reported for the first time. In addition, core-functionazlied star-shaped HPPrAM-<i>star-</i>poly­(<i>tert-</i>butyl acrylate) was synthesized by RAFT copolymerization and Menschutkin reaction

Additional file 2: of Dysnatremia, its correction, and mortality in patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy: a prospective observational study

Subject number according to the change of serum sodium during 24 or 72 hours. (DOC 38 kb

Morphological divergence of <i>Rheum nobile</i>.

<p>(A) An individual of <i>R. nobile</i>. (B) Bract. (C) Normal leaf. Bars 1 cm.</p

Genome-Scale Transcriptome Analysis of the Alpine “Glasshouse” Plant <i>Rheum nobile</i> (Polygonaceae) with Special Translucent Bracts

<div><p>Background</p><p><i>Rheum nobile</i> is an alpine plant with translucent bracts concealing the inflorescence which produce a “glasshouse” effect promoting the development of fertile pollen grains in such conditions. The current understanding of the adaptation of such bracts to alpine environments mainly focuses on the phenotypic and physiological changes while the genetic basis is very limited. By sequencing the upper bract and the lower rosulate leaf from the same <i>R. nobile</i> stem, we identified candidate genes that may be involved in alpine adaption of the translucent bract in “glasshouse” plants and illustrated the changes in gene expression underlying the adaptive and complex evolution of the bracts phenotype.</p><p>Results</p><p>A total of 174.2 million paired-end reads from each transcriptome were assembled into 25,249 unigenes. By comparing the gene expression profiles, we identified 1,063 and 786 genes up-regulated respectively in the upper bract and the lower leaf. Functional enrichment analyses of these genes recovered a number of differential important pathways, including flavonoid biosynthesis, mismatch repair and photosynthesis related pathways. These pathways are mainly involved in three types of functions: 9 genes in the UV protective process, 9 mismatch repair related genes and 88 genes associated with photosynthesis.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>This study provides the first comprehensive dataset characterizing <i>Rheum nobile</i> gene expression at the transcriptomic scale, and provides novel insights into the gene expression profiles associated with the adaptation of the “glasshouse” plant bracts. The dataset will be served as a public genetic resources for further functional and evolutionary studies of “glasshouse” plants.</p></div

The mismatch repair pathway.

<p>Genes up-regulated significantly (P-value ≤0.05) enriched in mismatch repair pathway are highlighted in blue.</p

COG function classification of the <i>Rheum nobile</i> transcriptome.

<p>In total, 4,560 sequences out of 25,249 unigenes were grouped into 24 COG classifications.</p

KEGG biochemical mappings for <i>Rheum nobile</i>.

<p>KEGG biochemical mappings for <i>Rheum nobile</i>.</p