Higher Spin Fronsdal Equations from the Exact Renormalization Group

We show that truncating the exact renormalization group equations of free $U(N)$ vector models in the single-trace sector to the linearized level reproduces the Fronsdal equations on $AdS_{d+1}$ for all higher spin fields, with the correct boundary conditions. More precisely, we establish canonical equivalence between the linearized RG equations and the familiar local, second order differential equations on $AdS_{d+1}$, namely the higher spin Fronsdal equations. This result is natural because the second-order bulk equations of motion on $AdS$ simply report the value of the quadratic Casimir of the corresponding conformal modules in the CFT. We thus see that the bulk Hamiltonian dynamics given by the boundary exact RG is in a different but equivalent canonical frame than that which is most natural from the bulk point of view.Comment: 34 pages, 4 figures; v2: typos fixed, better abstrac

A Longitudinal Study on Member Contributions in Open Source User Oriented Community

A longitudinal study was conducted in this research to examine member contributions in an Open Source Software User- Oriented Community (OSSUOC). Data were collected from both mailing-list archives and meeting minutes of a local Linux user group over a six-year period. Social Network Analysis and Web archive analysis were used to identify core contributors of activities in different categories. Member contributions were then measured based on the intensity, the breadth, and the continuance of participation across activities and years. The results suggest the importance of a balance between online and offline activities in an OSSUOC. Additionally, offline outreach activities play a more crucial role in stimulating the overall participation of an OSSUOC. The research contributes to the understanding of individual contributions and overall performance in an OSSUOC

Individual Use of Mobile Apps for Social Networking

Organizations are increasingly exploring the business opportunities brought about by social media applications. The ubiquitous access to these applications or their mobile versions (i.e., mobile apps) through smart phones makes them powerful. Understanding how individuals use social media applications to interact and to share information for decision making will help organizations better leverage the power of social media technology for their businesses. A research model is proposed by integrating the end-user computing theory and the psychological empowerment theory to explore the impact of effective use of mobile apps and the psychological empowerment on task innovation and continued use of mobile apps. The model was empirically tested with 390 responses using mobile apps for social networking or communication. Preliminary results suggest that the use of mobile apps and users’ psychological empowerment derived from using mobile apps lead to users’ task innovation and sustained efforts of using mobile apps

A Flexible, Low Cost Approach to Conduct Online Surveys Using Open Source Software

Comparing to traditional survey methods, online survey is much more efficient and cost effective due to the following reasons: zero printing, zero postage, automated data collection, and instant responses. However, successfully launching and administering an online survey also demands additional technical skills and software / hardware resources. In this tutorial, we will provide an overview of key issues with online surveys. Further, we will explain how the Open Source Software (OSS) process works and why we choose OSS as our preferred platform to conduct online surveys. Through a detailed, stepby- step case study, we will share tips and pitfalls we have learned from designing, developing and deploying our research instruments using OSS platforms. In particular, we will discuss how OSS technologies such as Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP) provided us with a flexible, reliable, scalable and low-cost solution to gather data using survey instruments. We will further discuss the process of collecting de-identified responses. Code of Federal Regulations1 often requires that data be collected in a de-identifiable manner. We will also describe the process of obtaining all relevant pieces of software involved in building such applications, including sharing part of source code of our own application. At the end, a less technical alternative of launching online surveys using PHP Easy Survey Package will be presented and demonstrated. Participants: If possible, please bring a laptop with Wi-Fi capability

Open Source Adoption and Use: A Comparative Study Between Groups in the US and India

Open source software communities work in a loosely knit organizational structure that works primarily on the motivations of gift and contribution of source code. They communicate using modern Internet-based applications and organize themselves into self-guided virtual communities. Several methods of collaboration and development of intellectual property through software within these communities are quite unique and innovative. Current research effort mainly focused on understanding the individual motivations, collaboration mechanisms, and associated project management challenges of various OSS projects. However, as open source software usage moves mainstream and becomes more and more widespread, factors drive its diffusion and adoption deserve more research attention. Using the concepts of innovation adoption, we attempt to examine the possible drivers that influence adoption of open source software within different open source communities. In particular, the results from two user groups - one from an OSS community in United States, one from an OSS community in India, are extensively compared and contrasted to gain better understanding of factors that lead to adoption and use of open source software

Deploying Mission Critical Learning Management System Using Open Source Software

As more institutions of higher education confront budget cuts and financial crisis, open source Learning Management Systems become increasingly attractive, providing cost effective and efficient alternatives to commercial Learning Management Systems. This interpretive case study investigates the implementation and adoption of an Open Source based LMS at an university located in California. The research not only examines technical aspects associated with the adoption decision, including motivation, performance, and total cost of ownership, but also explores how IT staff and administrators react to the implemented LMS

An Explorative Study of Mobility Adoption in the Enterprise

This research investigates the phenomenon of enterprise mobility through the lens of SAP mobile app store. SAP is a leading vendor in Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system, and app stores are digital platforms that provide users a central location to effectively browse, purchase, download, and update their mobile applications. By surveying the ERP mobile apps available in SAP mobile app store, this study examines the market structure of mobile apps and the factors that influence their adoption. In addition, the study incorporates the interviews of two ERP mobile app providers to help understand the influential factors in enterprise mobility adoption and the business benefits associated with enterprise mobility. Future research directions are discussed

Integrating ERP Project System into IS Project Management Curriculum

Abstract The project management course is one of the most important IS core courses in the Information Systems (IS) curriculum. It is widely taught as a capstone course in the major, and teaches not only the project management related processes and body of knowledge, but also the practical tools that help organizations manage their IT projects effectively. Although Microsoft Project is widely adopted in IS project management courses for project planning and scheduling, it is relatively difficult to track the actual project cost and to manage the complete project life cycle because it is not integrated into ERP systems. Recognizing the limitations of Microsoft Project as a project management tool, the authors proposed a comprehensive framework to incorporate ERP SAP Project Systems into the project management course in addition to Microsoft Project. We believe this approach enhances students' understanding of the project management body of knowledge, as specified by the Project Management Institute (PMI) as well as the IS 2010 Curriculum Guidelines. This paper provides the course design, course materials, delivery method, and preliminary student learning outcomes assessment. The data analysis of the course assessment indicates significant improvements on student learning outcomes and positive learning experiences. The purpose of the paper is to provide a guideline for those who seek to incorporate ERP technology in the IS project management curriculum

Effects of Altered Somatosensory Input on Lower Limb Mechanics via Different Shoes and Barefoot Walking in Individuals with Chronic Post-Stroke Hemiparesis

[Purpose/Hypothesis] Stroke is a leading cause of disability that results in various neurological deficits. Stroke can cause impaired somatosensory input, which results in decreased balance and gait speed, ultimately increasing fall risks. Therapies to increase somatosensory input have shown promise for people with stroke as well as other neurological populations. However, few studies have systematically investigated varying somatosensory input via different footwear to improve walking in people post-stroke. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of altering somatosensory input via different types of footwear (i.e., barefoot, self-selected shoes, and memory foam shoes) on gait kinetics and ankle kinematics during gait in individuals with chronic post-stroke hemiparesis. We hypothesized that increased somatosensory input via barefoot walking would improve paretic propulsive force, reduce paretic braking force, and improve paretic ankle kinematics. [Number of Subjects] 9 individuals post-stroke (62.9±11.2 years old; 5.9±4.4 years post-stroke) and 5 non-neurologically impaired (53.4±17.0 years old) individuals. [Methods/Materials] Reflective markers were placed over lower extremities landmarks, and surface electromyography sensors over ankle muscles. Participants then walked over a dual belt instrumented treadmill for 5 minutes, under self-selected walking speed, wearing self-selected shoes. Subsequently, trials were conducted barefoot and with memory foam shoes, in randomly assigned order. Peak propulsive force, peak braking force, peak plantarflexion angle at push-off, and peak dorsiflexion angle during swing phase were assessed using a 3 (Limbs: paretic, non-paretic, and non-impaired) X 3 (Shoes: self-selected footwear, memory foam shoes, and barefoot) mixed factorial ANOVA. A priori significance was set at p \u3c 0.05. [Results] A statistically significant interaction was observed for Shoes x Limb for peak propulsive force (p=0.04). Additionally, simple main effects revealed that in non-impaired legs, greater propulsive forces were generated when wearing self-selected shoes compared to memory foam or barefoot. A statistically significant main effect of Shoes was observed for ankle angle at toe off (p \u3c 0.01), suggesting that regardless of limb, wearing self-selected shoes increases plantarflexion at toe off, whereas wearing memory foam shoes increases dorsiflexion at toe off. A statistically significant main effect of Shoes was observed for peak dorsiflexion during swing (p \u3c 0.01), indicating that regardless of limb, wearing memory foam shoes causes more dorsiflexion during swing than self-selected shoes. [Conclusion] We found that memory foam shoes can encourage paretic ankle dorsiflexion during swing phase of gait, which could be used to address foot-drop in post-stroke gait training. If the goal of gait training was to target propulsive force to increase walking speed, then memory foam shoes or barefoot is not recommended. [Clinical Relevance] Findings can help inform clinicians on appropriate footwear recommendations to ensure safety for community ambulation and may be incorporated into gait training paradigms in rehabilitation