Resveratrol-loaded microemulsion based thermosensitive hydrogel for potential topical treatment of the vaginal inflammation

Vaginal inflammation is a prevalent gynecological condition. If left untreated, it can potentially spread to the urinary and reproductive systems. In this study, we propose a resveratrol-loaded microemulsion-based thermosensitive hydrogel (Res-Me-Tsgel) and compare it with a chitosan hydrogel-based Res-Me-Cogel. We characterized the different characters of Res-Me-Tsgel. The safety of Res-Me-Tsgel was also evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we measured the retention of Res in the vagina after drug administration. The Res-Me-Tsgel we prepared is a transparent liquid solution at room temperature that rapidly forms a gel at 37oC. Compared to Res solution and Res-Me, both Res-Me-Cogel and Res-Me-Tsgel demonstrate superior sustained release properties. Both in vitro and in vivo studies confirm the excellent biosafety profile of Res-Me-Cogel and Res-Me-Tsgel. Vaginal administration of these formulations in rats results in prolonged retention of resveratrol within the vagina. Notably, due to its improved flow into vaginal folds after administration, the retention of Resveratrol was approximately three times higher for the Res-Me-Tsgel group compared to the Res-Me-Cogel group at 24 h post-administration. Overall, these findings highlight the potential application of Res-Me-Tsgel as an effective means for vaginal inflammation. We developed a novel micromulsion based thermosensitive hydrogel for the delivery of Res. The sustained release of Res and favorable vaginal retention from Res-Me-Tsgel make them promise as a potential candidate for local intravaginal therapy.</p

Supplemental Material - Effect of Physiotherapy Interventions on Motor Symptoms in People With Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Supplemental Material for Effect of Physiotherapy Interventions on Motor Symptoms in People with Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Yajie Yang, Yang Wang, Tianzi Gao, Abudurousuli Reyila, Jiaxin Liu, Jiajia Liu, and Hongbin Han in Biological Research For Nursing</p

The effects of gold nanoparticles on the human blood functions

<p>The gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been widely used as drug delivery systems at several biomedical fields. However, the effect of AuNPs on the components of human blood is not well characterized. AuNPs firstly interacted with blood when using AuNPs as the drug delivery carries. Therefore, it is urgent to investigate the effect of AuNPs (including the ligands of AuNPs) on human blood, especially its components. In this study, we investigated the possible effects of polyethylene glycol-coated AuNPs (PEG@AuNPs) and citric acid-coated AuNPs (CT-AuNPs) on the blood cell function and distribution of those nanoparticles in blood components including erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets (PLTs) cells and plasma. We found that the amount of CT-AuNPs engulfed by leukocytes was four folds more compared to PEG@AuNPs, indicating that PEGylation might have the ability to escape the immune system. We found that each individual leukocyte uptaked more AuNPs particles than individual platelet. However, there are more PLTs than leukocytes in the blood. The total amount of AuNPs including PEG@AuNPs and CT-AuNPs accumulation in PLTs were more than in leukocytes. Moreover, we found that both CT-AuNPs and PEG@AuNPs-induced PLTs activation at high concentration. We therefore concluded that the interactions between nanodrug delivery systems (AuNPs) and human blood components, especially the PLTs should be careful evaluated prior to their clinical applications.</p

CPDA-1 and MAP Composition.

<p>CPDA-1 and MAP Composition.</p

Highly Efficient Catalysis of Preferential Oxidation of CO in H₂‑Rich Stream by Gold Single-Atom Catalysts

Preferential oxidation of CO (PROX) in H₂-rich stream is critical to the production of clean H₂ for the H₂-based fuel cells, which provide clean and efficient energy conversion. Development of highly active and selective PROX catalysts is highly desirable but proved to be extremely challenging. Here we report that CeO₂-supported Au single atoms (Au₁/CeO₂) are highly active, selective, and extremely stable for PROX at the PEMFC working temperature (∼80 °C) with >99.5% CO conversion over a wide temperature window, 70–120 °C (or 50–100 °C, depending on the Au loading). The high CO conversion realized at high temperatures is attributed to the unique property of single-atom catalysts that is unable to dissociatively adsorb H₂ and thus has a low reactivity toward H₂ oxidation. This strategy is proven in general and can be extended to other oxide-supported Au atoms (e.g., Au₁/FeO_<i>x</i>), which may open a new window for the efficient catalysis of the PROX reaction

The osmotic fragility and hemolysis of stored suspended red blood cells (SRBCs) from plateau (circle) and lowland (square) populations were measured throughout the 35-day storage period.

<p>Osmotic fragility (A) (***t test p < 0.001forplateau vs. lowland from day 1 to day35). Hemolysis (B) (**t test p < 0.01 for plateau vs. lowland on day1, ***t test p < 0.001 for plateau vs. lowland on day7).</p

Standard quality parameters of stored suspended red blood cells (SRBCs) from plateau (circle) and lowland (square) populations were measured throughout the 35-day storage period.

<p>pH (A) (***t test p < 0.001 for plateau vs. lowland on days1 and 35), **t test p < 0.01 for pl eau vs. lowland on days 7 and 14).Crystal osmolarity (B) (***t test p < 0.001 for plateau vs. lowland from day1 to day 35).Lactate concentration (C) (***t test p < 0.001 for plateau vs. lowland on Days 7 and Day 35).Supernatant glucose (D) and Na⁺ (E)concentrations(***t test p < 0.001 for plateau vs. lowland on days7, 14 and 35).Supernatant K⁺ levels(F) (***t test p < 0.001 for plateau vs. lowland on days 7 and 35).# ANOVA p < 0.05 for all of the parameters throughout the entire storage duration.</p

The change rates of Na⁺, K⁺, glucose and lactate in SRBCs throughout the storage period.

<p>The change rates of Na⁺, K⁺, glucose and lactate in SRBCs throughout the storage period.</p

Hct and MCV in the lowland (n = 8) and plateau (n = 8) groups throughout the entire storage period.

<p>Hct and MCV in the lowland (n = 8) and plateau (n = 8) groups throughout the entire storage period.</p

The adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) levels and oxygen tension to attain 50% oxygen saturation of Hb (P50) of stored RBCs from plateau (square) and lowland (stripe) populations were measured throughout the 35-day storage period.

<p>ATP (A) 2,3-DPG (B)(***t test p < 0.001 for plateau vs. lowland on day 1, **t test p < 0.01 for plateau vs. lowland on day 7). P50 (C)(**t test p < 0.01 for plateau vs. lowland on day 14).</p