12,370 research outputs found
Globalization of Human Rights Law
Speech given at Session 4: The Legal Profession and Human Rights. Jerome Shestack explains what is intended by âglobalizationâ of human rights. The term embraces more than the standards themselves and includes the process by which human rights implementation takes place on a global level, the range of those who advocate international human rights, the potential for a meaningful international human rights judicial system, and the role of human rights in the calculus of international relations. He article touches on all of these areas
Politics and contemporary poetry
The paper is a Meditation (variant on the manner of Aurelius and
Descartes) concerning the immediate situation, in the United States, of
poetry as a discourse of political engagement. As such, the paper is
a highly personal one. It means to offer an account of the peculiar
limits within which contemporary poetry in the United States is forced
to get carried on, as well as an explanation of the context in which
those limits were defined. It also suggests possible ways to exploit
the special resources of contemporary poetry (formally and socially
conceived) for political discourse and social critique. The paper is
most centrally concerned to illuminate the special kinds of critical
reflection which contemporary poetry, by virtue of its marginal
position, makes available. The paper's two main sections involve
the author's own reflexive analysis of his encounters with certain
texts by Hans Magnus Enzensberger, Theodor Adorno, and Carolyn Forche
Measures of tuna abundance from purse-seine operations in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, adjusted for fleet-wide evolution of increased fishing power, 1960-1971
ENGLISH: The fishing power of the tuna purse-seine fleet of the eastern Pacific Ocean has increased since the early 1960's. Because the entire fleet seems to have adopted equipment and techniques to increase its efficiency in capturing tunas, traditional methods of adjusting catch rates to a reference vessel type of fixed efficiency to index tuna abundance from fishing success are inapplicable. Instead, a methodology for such adjustment based on a mathematical representation of purse seining activities is developed. Observed changes in efficiency in subprocesses of purse seining are then used to adjust catch rates when computing abundance histories for yellowfin and skipjack in large regions of the eastern Pacific Ocean. SPANISH: La eficacia de pesca de la flota de cerco atunera en el OcĂ©ano PacĂfico oriental ha aumentado desde el comienzo del decenio de 1960. Como toda la flota parece haber adoptado equipo y mĂ©todos para incrementar su eficaciaen capturar atunes, no se pueden aplicar los mĂ©todos tradicionales de ajustar los Ăndices de captura a un tipo normalizado de barco (es decir de eficacia fija) para indicar la abundancia del atĂșn segĂșn los resultados de pesca. En su lugar se ha desarrollado un mĂ©todo para realizar tal ajuste basado en una representaciĂłn matemĂĄtica de las actividades de las embarcaciones de cerco. Cuando se calcula la abundancia histĂłrica del atĂșn aleta amarilla y barrilete en grandes regiones del OcĂ©ano PacĂfico oriental, se usan entonces los cambios observados en la eficacia de los subprocesos cerqueros para ajustar los Ăndices de captura.
(PDF contains 120 pages.
Drift and its mediation in terrestrial orbits
The slow deformation of terrestrial orbits in the medium range, subject to
lunisolar resonances, is well approximated by a family of Hamiltonian flow with
degree-of-freedom. The action variables of the system may experience
chaotic variations and large drift that we may quantify. Using variational
chaos indicators, we compute high-resolution portraits of the action space.
Such refined meshes allow to reveal the existence of tori and structures
filling chaotic regions. Our elaborate computations allow us to isolate precise
initial conditions near specific zones of interest and study their asymptotic
behaviour in time. Borrowing classical techniques of phase- space
visualisation, we highlight how the drift is mediated by the complement of the
numerically detected KAM tori.Comment: 22 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, 52 references. Comments and feedbacks
greatly appreciated. This article is part of the Research Topic `The
Earth-Moon System as a Dynamical Laboratory', confer
https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/5819/the-earth-moon-system-as-a-dynamical-laborator
A note on Stokes' problem in dense granular media using the --rheology
The classical Stokes' problem describing the fluid motion due to a steadily
moving infinite wall is revisited in the context of dense granular flows of
mono-dispersed beads using the recently proposed --rheology. In
Newtonian fluids, molecular diffusion brings about a self-similar velocity
profile and the boundary layer in which the fluid motion takes place increases
indefinitely with time as , where is the kinematic
viscosity. For a dense granular visco-plastic liquid, it is shown that the
local shear stress, when properly rescaled, exhibits self-similar behaviour at
short-time scales and it then rapidly evolves towards a steady-state solution.
The resulting shear layer increases in thickness as analogous
to a Newtonian fluid where is an equivalent granular kinematic
viscosity depending not only on the intrinsic properties of the granular media
such as grain diameter , density and friction coefficients but also
on the applied pressure at the moving wall and the solid fraction
(constant). In addition, the --rheology indicates that this growth
continues until reaching the steady-state boundary layer thickness , independent of the grain size, at about a finite
time proportional to , where is
the acceleration due to gravity and is the
relative surplus of the steady-state wall shear-stress over the
critical wall shear stress (yield stress) that is needed to bring the
granular media into motion... (see article for a complete abstract).Comment: in press (Journal of Fluid Mechanics
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