Bank privatization and performance - emprical evidence from Nigeria

The authors assess the effect of privatization on performance in a panel of Nigerian banks for the period 1990-2001. They find evidence of performance improvement in nine banks that were privatized, which is remarkable given the inhospitable environment for true financial intermediation. Their results also suggest negativeeffects of the continuing minority government ownership on the performance of many Nigerian banks. The authors'results complement aggregate indications of decreasing financial intermediation over the 1990s. Banks that focused on investment in government bonds and non-lending activities enjoyed a relatively higher performance.Municipal Financial Management,Banks&Banking Reform,Financial Crisis Management&Restructuring,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,International Terrorism&Counterterrorism,Banks&Banking Reform,Financial Crisis Management&Restructuring,Municipal Financial Management,Financial Intermediation,Economic Theory&Research

Understanding the relationship between growth and employment in Nigeria

This study examines the relationship between growth and employment in Nigeria to gain insights into the country's paradox of high economic growth alongside rising poverty and inequality. The methodology adopted is the Shapley decomposition approach, complemented with econometric estimation of the country's employment intensity of growth. The findings indicate that Nigeria's growth over the last decade has been 'jobless' and sustained largely by factor reallocations rather than productivity enhancement. Labour reallocations have been mainly from agriculture and manufacturing towards the low productive services sector. Employment elasticity of growth was positive and quite low, reflecting the country's poor overall employment generation record, especially in manufacturing

Perspective Chapter: Sustaining University Education for and National Development in Nigeria

This chapter presents a retrospective and prospective reflections on university education in Nigeria in relation to national development. Retrospectively, the Nigerian university system was among the best in Africa and beyond, especially in the 1970s. The universities were top notch and attracted other Africans who flooded into Nigeria to study. Then the Nigerian university system possessed the four crucial elements of a universal and functional university system-quality teachers, quality students, an enabling environment for learning and international competitiveness. However, over the past three decades, the Nigerian university system has suffered benign neglect and lost its hallmark of quality, and thereby raising concerns about its role and relevance in contemporary national development. Nevertheless, this chapter expresses strong believe and conviction that the university system is still relevant for the socio-economic and political development of the country but there is the need to take necessary actions/steps to strengthen the system towards making it have the desired and comparative international quality and functionality required to meet the requirements of contemporary challenges and the future. Suggestions were offered accordingly

Multidimensional poverty in Nigeria: First order dominance approach

This study appraises non-monetary multidimensional poverty in Nigeria using the novel first order dominance approach developed by Arndt et al. (2012). It examines five dimensions of deprivation: education, water, sanitation, shelter, and energy-using comparable datasets, the Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys of 1999, 2003, and 2008 for national, regional, and zonal analysis, and the Harmonized Nigeria Living Standard Survey of 2008/09 as well as the Nigeria Living Standard Survey of 2003/04 for state analysis. The results are quite robust and lend support to the general view that poverty in Nigeria has not kept pace with the rapid economic growth attained in the last decade. The country registered only fewer gains in non-income poverty. There was a marginal change of -0.21 in the percentage of the population experiencing acute deprivation between 1999 and 2008 and only one of the indicators (sanitation) recorded a substantial positive change. The spatial first order dominance comparisons indicate that regional inequalities remain profound with huge disparities in states as shown by the bootstrap. Ten of the worst-ranked states are located in the northern part of the country

Spatial and temporal multidimensional poverty in Nigeria

Nigeria has recorded impressive growth in the last decade, yet the impact of this growth on poverty reduction remains unclear. This paper appraises spatial and temporal non-monetary multidimensional poverty in Nigeria using the first-order dominance approach. It examines five welfare indicators: education, water, sanitation, shelter, and energy. While the analysis is sensitive to indicator definitions, the overall results are robust and lend support to the view that poverty reduction has not kept pace with the rapid economic growth attained in the last decade. The analyses indicate that regional inequalities remain profound with huge disparities between the urban and rural sectors as well as between the far south and the rest of the country

Technical efficiency in some privatised enterprises in Nigeria

Despite the upsurge in research on privatization in recent years, the empirical knowledge of the privatization programme in African is limited. Aside from theoretical predictions, not much is known about the process and outcome of privatization exercises in Africa. This study evaluates technical efficiency in four privatized enterprises in Nigeria. The methodology adopted is Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The technical efficiency scores are presented both for the Constant Returns to Scale (CRS) and Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) DEA. Relative efficiency was found to be considerably higher in the past privatization period in both the CRS and VRS specifications. These results indicate a substantial improvement in technical efficiency as a result of privatization. African Journal of Economic Policy Vol. 11(1) 2004: 17-3

International development : ideas, experience and prospects; chapter 43

This chapter briefly appraises Africa’s development experience, especially since the 1960s when several African States became independent. It reviews the development experience and development policy practice in Africa over time, recognizing that because of the diversity of African countries and their experiences, interpreting Africa’s development experience is no simple endeavor. Accordingly, careful, detailed, and contextually relevant country-level studies should regularly underpin the articulation of further development policies and programs. The appropriate mix of government intervention and market mechanisms will depend on initial conditions of each country and the pace of development over time

African Economic Development

In a sweeping survey of African economies, leading scholars offer the latest research into the biggest current influences on African growth and development, taking account of relevant institutional contexts as well as significant or unique problems that have slowed Africa's progress.Front Cover -- African Economic Development -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- About the Contributors -- Foreword to the Second Edition -- Foreword to the First Edition -- Preface -- What this Book Contains Approach -- Organization and Content -- Acknowledgements -- PART I INTRODUCTION TO AFRICA AND AFRICAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT -- Chapter 1 Why Study African Economic Development? -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.1.1. Africa's Development Experience -- 1.1.2. The Need for African Development -- 1.2. Principal Messages -- Discussion Questions -- References -- Chapter 2 Overview of African Development -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.1.1. Diversity and Classification of African Countries -- 2.2. The Diversity of Africa -- 2.2.1. Economic Diversity in Africa -- 2.3. Classification of African Countries -- 2.3.1. Regional Classification -- 2.3.2. Income-based Classification of African Countries -- 2.3.3. Classification Based on Colonial Experience -- 2.4. Summary -- 2.5. What Do You Know about Africa? -- Discussion Questions -- References -- Chapter 3 Definition and Measurement of Growth and Development -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. What Is Economic Development and How Has It Emerged? -- 3.2.1. Definition of Development in Africa -- 3.2.1.1. Growth -- 3.2.1.2. Improvement in Quality of Life -- 3.2.1.3. Structural Transformation -- 3.2.2. Growth versus Development -- 3.3. How Development Is Measured -- 3.3.1. Quality of Life as a Measure of Development -- 3.3.2. Human Development as a Measure of Economic Development -- 3.3.3. Measuring Income Inequality and Poverty -- 3.3.3.1. Measures of Income Inequality -- 3.3.3.2. Measuring Poverty -- 3.3.3.3. Measures of Happiness -- 3.4. Summary -- Notes -- Discussion Questions -- References -- PART II AFRICA'S CHARACTERISTICS AND DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES -- Chapter 4 Geo-economy and History -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Geo-economy4.3. The History of Africa -- 4.4. Summary -- Discussion Questions -- References -- Chapter 5 Engines of Growth and Africa's Economic Performance Revisited -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Infrastructure Investment and Agglomeration Effects -- 5.3. Human Capital and Biased Technological Change -- 5.4. Organizations and Management Practices -- 5.5. Institutions and Culture -- 5.6. What Next? -- Review Questions -- References -- Chapter 6 Climate Change, Environment, and Sustainable Development in Africa -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Linkages between Climate Change, Environment, Human, and Economic Development -- 6.2.1. Climate Change, Environment, and Human Development -- 6.2.2. Climate Change and Economic Development -- 6.2.3. Environmental Degradation, Climate Change, Poverty, Inequality, and Exclusion -- 6.3. Climate Change and the Environmental Situation in Africa -- 6.3.1. Status of Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability in Africa -- 6.3.2. Africa's Special Vulnerability, Climate Change Capacity, and Response Gaps -- 6.3.3. Costs of Climate Change and Unsustainable Use of Environmental Resources -- 6.4. Toward Sustainable Development in Africa -- 6.4.1. Lessons Learned on Climate Resilience, Environmental Sustainability, and Development -- 6.4.2. Priority Actions to Mitigate Impact and Adapt to Climate Change in Africa -- 6.5. Conclusions -- Review Questions -- References -- Chapter 7 Population -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.1.1. Empirical Correlations -- 7.1.2. Theoretical Factors -- 7.2. Elements of African Population Growth -- 7.2.1. African Population Trends and Human Welfare -- 7.3. Fertility Levels and Economic Development -- 7.3.1. Does Fertility Affect African Economic Development? -- 7.3.2. Efforts to Reduce Fertility Levels in Africa -- 7.4. Mortality and Economic Growth -- 7.5. Migration and Economic Development7.6. Population Growth, Labor Force, and Unemployment -- 7.7. Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- References -- Chapter 8 Poverty and Development -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. Development and Poverty: The Early Debate -- 8.3. Development and Poverty: Human Development -- 8.3.1. Social Exclusion Theory -- 8.3.2. The Capability Approach of Sen -- 8.3.3. Measuring Poverty -- 8.4. The Measurement of Poverty: Farmworkers in South Africa -- 8.4.1. Data Sources -- 8.4.2. Locating Farmworkers within the South African Labor Market and Agricultural Economy -- 8.4.3. Demographic Features of South African Farmworkers -- 8.4.3.1. Gender -- 8.4.3.2. Age -- 8.4.3.3. Household Size and Structure -- 8.4.3.4. Nationality -- 8.4.4. Human Capabilities of South African Farmworkers -- 8.4.4.1. Nutritional Status of Children Living on Commercial Farms -- 8.4.4.2. Access to Housing and Household Services -- 8.4.4.3. Education and Literacy Rates -- 8.4.5. Farmworker Wage and Income Levels -- 8.5. Income and Capabilities -- 8.6. Summary -- Discussion Questions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 9 Growth-Poverty-Inequality Nexus: Toward a Mutually Inclusive Relationship in Africa -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Overview of Growth, Poverty, and Inequality in Africa -- 9.3. Stylized Facts Emerging from the Debates on the Nexus -- 9.4. Evidence from the Triangular Nexus -- 9.5. Promoting a Mutually Reinforcing Relationship -- 9.6. Conclusions -- Review Questions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- PART III CRITICAL ISSUES -- Chapter 10 Implications of Ethnic Diversity -- 10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. What Do We Know and What are the Gaps? -- 10.3. Does Ethnic Diversity Cause Dysfuctional Politics? -- 10.3.1. Effect of Ethnic Diversity in Democracies -- 10.3.1.1. Single-issue Politics -- 10.3.1.2. Multi-issue Politics -- 10.3.1.3. Differences in the Role of Identity Politics10.3.2. Dictatorship -- 10.3.3. Testable Hypotheses -- 10.3.4. Empirically Testing the Hypothses -- 10.4. Does Ethnic Diversity Cause Civil War? -- 10.4.1. The Financing of Rebellion -- 10.4.2. Quantitative Empirical Evidence -- 10.5. Policy Implications -- 10.6. Summary -- Discussion Questions -- References -- Chapter 11 The Economics of Religious Conversion in Sub-Saharan Africa -- 11.1. Introduction -- 11.2. Group-level Conversions -- 11.3. Individual-level Conversions -- 11.3.1. Emancipation from Customary Norms Perceived as Oppressive -- 11.3.2. Religious Conversion as a Way to Opt Out of the Traditional Society -- 11.3.3. The Efficiency Costs of Redistributive Pressures -- 11.4. Conclusion -- Review Questions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 12 Institutions and African Economic Development -- 12.1. Introduction -- 12.2. What Are "Institutions" and "Economic Development"? -- 12.3. Institutions and Implications for Economic and Development Outcomes -- 12.3.1. Economic Freedom -- 12.3.2. Political Institutions -- 12.3.3. Political Instability -- 12.3.4. Recent Institutional Quality Measures -- 12.4. Conclusion -- Review Questions -- References -- Chapter 13 Health and Economic Development -- 13.1. Introduction -- 13.2. Ecology and the Epidemiological Factor -- 13.3. Health Assessment: Pre- and Post-millennium Development Goals -- 13.4. Disease and Economic Security -- 13.5. Obscure Success and Lingering Problems -- 13.6. Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- References -- Chapter 14 Education and Economic Development -- 14.1. Introduction -- 14.2. Evolution and Transformation of Education in Africa -- 14.2.1. Education Neglect in Colonial Africa -- 14.2.2. The Postindependence Period -- 14.3. Education and Development in Africa -- 14.3.1. Economic Theory of Education and Growth14.3.2. Education's Role in Economic Growth and Development -- 14.3.3. Macroeconomic Impact of Education -- 14.4. Education and Future Economic Growth in Africa -- 14.4.1. Education, Income, and Other Benefits -- 14.5. The Educational Crisis in Africa -- 14.5.1. Enrollment and Literacy (1970s-1997) -- 14.5.2. Educational Improvements (1997-2016) -- 14.6. Educational Policy in Africa -- 14.7. Policy Implications -- 14.8. Summary -- Discussion Questions -- References -- Chapter 15 Leadership and Development in Africa -- 15.1. Introduction -- 15.2. Factors in Effective Leadership -- 15.3. Key Issues in Development Leadership -- 15.4. The Case of the Developmental State -- 15.4.1. A Development Alliance -- 15.4.2. Policy Coherence and Coordination -- 15.4.3. Long-term Policy Consistency -- 15.5. Some Lessons for Development Leadership in Africa -- 15.6. Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- References -- Chapter 16 Corruption and Economic Development -- 16.1. Introduction -- 16.2. Defining Corruption -- 16.3. The Impact of Corruption on African Economies: A More Detailed Overview -- 16.3.1. Corruption and the Participation of the Private Sector in Policy Design and Implementation -- 16.3.2. Corruption and the Propensity to Invest -- 16.3.3. Corruption and Participation in Governance -- 16.4. Controlling Corruption -- 16.5. Summary and Conclusion -- Discussion Questions -- References -- PART IV SECTOR ANALYSES -- Chapter 17 Agricultural Transformation and Africa's Economic Development -- 17.1. Introduction -- 17.2. A Framework for Understanding Transformation - Agricultural, Rural, and Structural -- 17.3. Salient Trends Affecting the Trajectories of Agricultural Transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa -- 17.3.1. Africa's Rapid Population Growth -- 17.3.2. Urbanization and Urban Population Growth17.3.3. Agri-food System Transformation, Driven Primarily by Local InvestmentIn a sweeping survey of African economies, leading scholars offer the latest research into the biggest current influences on African growth and development, taking account of relevant institutional contexts as well as significant or unique problems that have slowed Africa's progress.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries