Correction to: Rapid, Full-Scale Change to Virtual PCIT During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implementation and Clinical Implications

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Mentoring Youth with Psychiatric Disorders: The Impact on Child and Parent Functioning

This study examined the effectiveness of a behavioral mentoring program aimed at serving youth with psychiatric disorders. Participants included 30 youth (8-12 years old) receiving services in a mentoring program for a mental health population and 30 wait-listed youth and their maternal caregivers. Participating in mentoring services was related to higher family functioning across a number of domains including child behavior, parenting stress, perceived parent social support, and perceived parent-child relationship quality. As predicted, parenting stress mediated the relationship between mentoring and children's externalizing behavior problems. Results suggest that mentoring services may be a useful adjunct service for highly stressed families with children with emotional and behavioral disorders

Cognitive Behavioral Principles Within Group Mentoring: A Randomized Pilot Study

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a group mentoring program that included components of empirically supported mentoring and cognitive behavioral techniques for children served at a community mental health center. Eighty-six 8- to 12-year-old children were randomly assigned to either group mentoring or a wait-list control group. Group mentoring significantly increased children's reported social problem-solving skills and decreased parent-reported child externalizing and internalizing behavior problems after controlling for other concurrent mental health services. Attrition from the group mentoring program was notably low (7%) for children. The integration of a cognitive behavioral group mentoring program into children's existing community mental health services may result in additional reductions in externalizing and internalizing behavior problems

Harnessing Parent-Child Interaction Therapy for the Behavioral Treatment of a Child with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex and Autism Spectrum Disorder

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a complex, rare genetic disorder often comorbid with severe autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with language and cognitive deficits. Despite the combination of TSC and ASD often leading to significant disruptive child behaviors, studies to treat ASD caused by TSC have thus far focused on pharmacological rather than behavioral interventions. This single-case study presents a 7-year-old Hispanic male "Michael," diagnosed with TSC and ASD, and treated using Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) adapted to his language and developmental level. Upon graduation from PCIT, Michael's aggression and disruptive behavior decreased across clinic, home, and school settings (per parent report), and several social communication behaviors had emerged and increased including functional play, looking toward others, and directing smiles and other emotions. This case study highlights the promise of PCIT for children with lower cognitive and language functioning, demonstrates the potential of naturalistic parent-coaching interventions for older children with ASD, and provides a detailed clinical strategy for the behavioral treatment of TSC and ASD

Improving behavior using child-directed interaction skills: A case study determining cochlear implant candidacy

Objective and importance Children with hearing loss (HL) are at increased risk of developing externalizing behavior problems (e.g., hyperactivity, attention problems). These problems can lead to cascading effects on children's overall development. However, few studies have identified evidence-based interventions for this population. Clinical presentation A 6-year-old boy with bilateral HL presented to the clinic with significant behavioral challenges. These challenges (e.g., fatigued quickly, poor attention, and hyperactivity) were affecting the reliability of audiological testing to determine cochlear implant candidacy. Thus, the child was referred for Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) to address these behavioral challenges. Intervention and technique PCIT is an evidence-based intervention that has been shown to significantly improve externalizing behavior problems. This study describes how the Child-Directed Interaction phase of PCIT was tailored for a child with bilateral HL. The goal of the intervention was to reduce externalizing behaviors in order to reliably complete a cochlear implant evaluation. Post-intervention, significant improvements were noted in behavior, including a decrease in disruptive behavior to normal levels. This led to completion of previously unsuccessful audiological testing and determination of cochlear implant candidacy. Conclusion This study illustrates how PCIT was successfully tailored to one child with an HL. This is critical as children with HL are at risk for behavior problems, and effective interventions for disruptive behaviors in children with HL may lead to significant improvements in medical and psychosocial outcomes for children with HL and their families

Handbook of Childhood Psychopathology and Developmental Disabilities: Treatment

Students with disabilities and/or emotional or behavioral problems are at increased risk of poor academic performance, which is linked to a variety of long-term problems. In this overview, the interrelationship between academic success and childhood disorders will be described. Collaborative consultation within academic settings will be reviewed, followed by illustrations about various consultation models. Federal regulations (e.g., Section 504, IEP) for school-aged children with disabilities will be reviewed with an emphasis on understanding these regulations to guide consultative efforts. Examples of positive behavior interventions, accommodations, and modifications will be described and illustrated

Empirically Supported Treatment of Overweight Adolescents

In this chapter, we address empirically supported treatment approaches for overweight adolescents. We consider various approaches to treatment for overweight adolescents, including dietary and physical activity interventions, outpatient multicomponent interventions, camp and residential programs, primary care interventions, and medical approaches including pharmacological interventions and bariatric surgery. We conclude with a discussion of implications for clinical practice and future research in this area. While the literature on the treatment efficacy of childhood overweight is promising (Baur % O%#x0027;Connor, 2004; Epstein, Valoski, Wing, & McCurley, 1994; Jelalian & Mehlenbeck, 2003), relatively less attention has been placed on the efficacy of treatment for adolescent overweight. Interventions for adolescent overweight vary across treatment approaches (e.g., dietary intervention, physical activity intervention, multicomponent behavioral therapy, medication management, and surgery), treatment settings (e.g., specialty outpatient clinic, hospital inpatient, primary care, school, residential camp, church, and community center), and treatment formats (e.g., individual, group, classroom, peer, dyadic, and family). However, even with the development of several different treatment approaches, there are few well-controlled studies examining the efficacy of adolescent overweight interventions

AUT855851_Lay_Abstract – Supplemental material for Parent–Child Interaction Therapy for children with autism spectrum disorder and a matched case-control sample

Supplemental material, AUT855851_Lay_Abstract for Parent–Child Interaction Therapy for children with autism spectrum disorder and a matched case-control sample by Meaghan V Parladé, Allison Weinstein, Dainelys Garcia, Amelia M Rowley, Nicole C Ginn and Jason F Jent in Autis

Diverse Parents Decision-Making to Vaccinate Their Child under Five Attending Childcare Programs

Background: On 18 June 2022, Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines were authorized under an Emergency Use Authorization by the United States Food and Drug Administration to prevent severe coronavirus disease in children six months to four years of age. Despite approval of the COVID-19 vaccinations for young children, there remain ongoing challenges reaching widespread coverage due to parental decision-making. Parental decision-making plays a pivotal, yet understudied, role governing vaccine adoption among this priority demographic. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis examined COVID-19 vaccine intentions for 320 predominately Hispanic parents of two to five-year-olds attending Miami-Dade County childcare programs in Florida USA, several months following the June 2022 emergency authorization. Parent’s self-reported survey data encompassed vaccine choices and rationales, social determinants of health, and parent immigrant status. Data analyses illustrate the associations between parent decision-making and these variables. Regression modeling and tests of independence identified predicting factors for parental vaccine decision-making. Results: Only 25% of parents intended to vaccinate their young child, while 34% resisted and 41% felt unsure, despite 70% personal vaccination rates. Household income under $25,000, identifying as a migrant, or testing COVID-19-positive significantly predicted unsure decision-making. The majority of hesitant groups expressed concerns around side effects (20%), safety (2.9%), and sufficiency of vaccine knowledge (3.3%). Conclusions: In this sample, the predominance of parents were unsure and resistant rather than accepting of having their child vaccinated despite emergency approval of the pediatric vaccine. Associations and predictive factors are examined