376 research outputs found

    Looking for safe harbor in a crowded sea: Coastal space use conflict and marine renewable energy development

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    Technological advances in the marine renewable energy industry and increased clarity about the leasing and licensing process are fostering development proposals in both state and federal waters. The ocean is becoming more industrialized and competition among all marine space users is developing (Buck et al. 2004). More spatial competition can lead to conflict between ocean users themselves, and to tensions that spill over to include other stakeholders and the general public (McGrath 2004). Such conflict can wind up in litigation, which is costly and takes agency time and financial resources away from other priorities. As proposals for marine renewable energy developments are evaluated, too often decision-makers lack the tools and information to properly account for the cumulative effects and the tradeoffs associated with alternative human uses of the ocean. This paper highlights the nature of marine space conflicts associated with marine renewable energy literature highlights key issues for the growth of the marine renewable energy sector in the United States. (PDF contains 4 pages

    Theses and dissertations for the next millenium

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    pp. 75-8

    How to Create a Bibliography

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    Getting relevant information to our clients is critical for effective outreach. A librarian gives practical tips on creating bibliographies. The three parts cover why to create a bibliography, how to do it, and how to distribute it

    Bibliographies as an Extension Outreach Tool: An Old Method in a New Age

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    Bibliographies, a librarian\u27s basic tool, prove to be useful tools for Extension work. We all make lists of information--books, Extension bulletins, journal articles. Do we do it effectively? Defining the audience, determining the coverage, and creating timely access are a few of the challenges. Two Web-searchable bibliographies provide case studies of how this classic tool can address information needs

    Lessons from the past

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    A Sense of Service

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    The Faraday effect in semiconductors

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    Equations for the Faraday rotation and ellipticity in an anisotropic material are derived in terms of quantities related to the components of the high frequency magnetoconductivity tensor. The theory is valid for all orientations of H, (the magnetic field), and Eo, (the electric vector of the incident radiation), with respect to the crystal axes. The magnetoconductivity tensor is calculated for the [111] and [100] ellipsoid band models of a cubic semiconductor, assuming the scattering to be isotropic. The treatment is semi-classical, being based on the solution of the Boltzmann equation for a single valley which is an ellipsoid of revolution. It is convenient to consider axes such that H is along one axis. The tensors are therefore transformed bo systems in which H lies in a (100) or (110) plane, and Eo takes any orientation in the plane perpendicular to the field. The tensor for the isotropic model having spherical surfaces of constant energy is obtained as a special case. The series expansion for the current density inpowers of H is also developed to 0(H2), and the associated tensor coefficients evaluated for H in the (100) and (110) planes, as for the closed solution. Detailed calculations are made of the frequency, field and temperature dependence of the rotation and ellipticity in two specimens of n-type germanium, assuming the isotropic model. One is near intrinsic and accoustic phonon scattering is considered, while the other is moderately doped and ionized impurity scattering is assumed. Calculations are also made for the lattice scattering specimen only, using the [111] ellipsoid band model. An analysis is made of the anisotropy of the rotation and ellipticity as a function of the orientation of H and Eo, in addition to a consideration of the field and frequency dependence. Approximate expressions are derived and discussed in certain regions. Finally some calculations are presented for the same specimen, using the series expansion, and a comparison of the two treatments is made.<p
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