Discrimination performance (d’) in Experiment 2 (forced fixation).

<p>These two analyses investigated the independent two-way interactions of orientation and headedness and of fixation location and headedness. <b>(A)</b> The BIE was again reduced for headless compared to whole bodies due to a reduction of discrimination performance for headless upright compared to whole upright bodies. The three fixation location conditions were pooled together in this analysis (*** = p < 0.001). <b>(B)</b> For whole body trials, discrimination performance was relatively lower for pelvis than head and torso, but for headless body trials, discrimination performance did not differ among fixation locations. Upright and inverted conditions were pooled together for this analysis (* = p < 0.05, ** = p < 0.01). For both plots, error bars indicate standard error of the mean.</p

Vertical profile density statistical contrasts between whole and headless body trials.

<p>The curves in separate plots for <b>(A)</b> upright and <b>(B)</b> inverted body trials represent the vertical profile densities during the presentation of the second body stimuli for the whole and headless body trials. Vertical positions at which whole body density was statistically significantly greater (<i>q</i> < 0.05) than headless body density are indicated with red shading of the curve and image. The inverse is indicated in blue.</p

Vertical profile densities.

<p>The curves visualize relative eye-movement densities over specific vertical positions along the body during the presentation of the second body stimuli and represent the spatial densities of eye-movements summed along the horizontal dimension for each condition.</p

Stimuli and experimental paradigm.

<p><b>(A)</b> Example pair of full body stimuli with different body postures. <b>(B)</b> Example pair of headless body stimuli with different body postures. <b>(C)</b> Trial sequences for Experiment 1 (Free Viewing) and Experiment 2 (Forced Fixation). During the forced fixation experiment, the fixation dot always appeared in the center of the screen, such that the designated body region (head, torso, or pelvis) was positioned at the fixation point.</p

Discrimination performance (d’) in Experiment 1 (free viewing).

<p>The BIE was smaller for headless bodies compared to whole bodies. This was driven by lower discrimination performance for upright headless bodies compared to upright whole bodies (** = p < 0.01, *** = p < 0.001). Error bars indicate standard error of the mean.</p

Vertical profile density statistical contrasts between upright and inverted body trials.

<p>The curves in separate plots for <b>(A)</b> whole and <b>(B)</b> headless body trials represent the vertical profile densities during the presentation of the second body stimuli for the upright and inverted body trials. For reference, the head is displayed in the headless bodies plot, even though it was absent in the actual stimuli. Vertical positions at which upright body density was statistically significantly greater (<i>q</i> < 0.05) than inverted body density are indicated with red shading of the curve and image. The inverse is indicated in blue.</p

Consort Flow Diagram.

<p>Consort Flow Diagram.</p

Neuropsychological tests: TMT at Day 7.

*<p>p<0.05 or **p<0.01 by z-test versus TMTA (23.7±7.8 seconds (S.D.)) or TMTB.</p

Distribution of mTBI Symptoms Co-morbid with Balance Dysfunction: Entry to Study.

<p>Distribution of mTBI Symptoms Co-morbid with Balance Dysfunction: Entry to Study.</p

Neuropsychological Tests: COWA and Animal Naming at Study Entry.

<p>Neuropsychological Tests: COWA and Animal Naming at Study Entry.</p