675 research outputs found
Determining WWW User's Next Access and Its Application to Pre-fetching
World-Wide Web (WWW) services have grown to levels where significant delays are expected to happen. Techniques like pre-fetching are likely to help users to personalize their needs, reducing their waiting times. However, pre-fetching is only effective if the right documents are identified and if user's move is correctly predicted. Otherwise, pre-fetching will only waste bandwidth. Therefore, it is productive to determine whether a revisit will occur or not, before starting pre-fetching.
In this paper we develop two user models that help determining user's next move. One model uses Random Walk approximation and the other is based on Digital Signal Processing techniques. We also give hints on how to use such models with a simple pre-fetching technique that we are developing.CNP
Les femmes autochtones et la justice pénale
The interest in understanding and analyzing the situation of native women within the penal process is recent and seems to be limited by the inordinate attention paid by researchers to the overrepresentation of native women. This article is an account of the findings and analyses made to date in this recent sector of research. It presents an inventory of the principal data concerning the confrontation of native women with the penal process. It proposes a synthesis of the principal analyses of the problems of native women with the system of justice by presenting a critical analysis of the socio-structural model of LaPrairie
Origines et fondements de la médiation sociale au Québec : un double ancrage
Deux ancrages distincts sont à l’origine des initiatives de médiation sociale au Québec. Le premier provient de la mobilisation des organismes de justice alternative du Québec, le second, des politiques urbaines de la Ville de Montréal. Ces points d’ancrage, tout en s’interpénétrant occasionnellement, engendrent des pratiques de médiation portées par des fondements et des principes différents. Le premier favorise des pratiques sociales fondées sur les principes de démocratisation de la justice et du droit (principe de l’accès au droit) et sur la quête d’alternatives aux modes traditionnels de réaction sociale (en particulier celle de modalités non punitives de règlements des conflits). Il propose de favoriser un modèle de médiation non professionnalisé, c’est-à -dire intégrant des citoyens formés aux pratiques de la médiation. Le second émane des politiques publiques de la Ville de Montréal ; celles-ci fondent des pratiques de médiation fortement teintées par des enjeux de sécurisation, de pacification, d’inclusion sociale et de cohabitation sociale harmonieuse dans l’espace public et pour lesquelles le recours à des professionnels de la médiation est privilégié.Two separate anchors are at the root of social mediation initiatives in Quebec. The first comes from the mobilization of alternative justice organisations of Quebec, the second from urban policies of the city of Montreal. These anchors, while being interconnected occasionally, generate different principles of mediation practices. The first anchor promotes social practices based on principles of democratization of justice and law (issue of access to law) and on search for alternatives to traditional modes of social reaction (mainly non punitive modes of conflicts resolution). Based mainly on a non-professional model of mediation, it places the integration of citizens trained in mediation practices as a core value. The second anchor comes from public policies of the City of Montreal ; these policies are mainly founded on issues of security, pacification, social inclusion and harmony in sharing public spaces and show their preference for professional mediators
Stratégies adoptées par les femmes autochtones dans un contexte de violence familiale au Québec
Dans cet article, nous prĂ©sentons les rĂ©sultats d’une Ă©tude sur la portĂ©e des ressources et stratĂ©gies utilisĂ©es par les femmes autochtones victimes de violence (conjugale et familiale) Ă partir de rĂ©cits d’expĂ©rience. Des 36 entretiens effectuĂ©s avec des femmes issues de diverses Nations et provenant de milieux urbains ou vivant dans une communautĂ© autochtone Ă©mergent deux profils : un profil de femmes rĂ©silientes, parvenues Ă sortir de leur environnement violent et dont les sĂ©quelles sont grandement attĂ©nuĂ©es, et un profil de femmes plus persistantes, c’est-Ă -dire maintenues dans un environnement violent ou dont les consĂ©quences sont encore très marquĂ©es. La combinaison de trois facteurs permet d’expliquer ce qui diffĂ©rencie ces deux groupes : les caractĂ©ristiques sociodĂ©mographiques, les victimisations et le parcours des stratĂ©gies et ressources utilisĂ©es.We present the results of a qualitative research study on the impact of services and strategies used by aboriginal women who are victims of family violence. We conducted 36 interviews with women of different nations, living in communities and urban areas. Two profiles have been identified: a profile of resilient women who managed to escape from their violent environment and whose consequences of violence are greatly reduced and a profile of women more persistent, meaning that they are kept in a violent environment or are still hurt by the consequences of the violence experienced. The combination of three factors explain these differences: socio demographic factors, profile of victimization and career of strategies and resources used by the women.En este artĂculo presentamos los resultados de un estudio sobre el alcance de los recursos y las estrategias empleadas por mujeres autĂłctonas vĂctimas de violencia conyugal y familiar realizado a partir de relatos de experiencias personales. De las 36 entrevistas realizadas con mujeres de diversas naciones que habitaban tanto en medio urbano como en comunidades autĂłctonas, se derivan dos perfiles, uno de mujeres resiliantes, que logran salir de su ambiente violento y consiguen atenuar en buena medida sus secuelas, y otro de mujeres que persisten, es decir que se mantienen en el ambiente violento, con consecuencias más marcadas. La combinaciĂłn de tres factores permite explicar lo que diferencia estos dos grupos : las caracterĂsticas sociodemográficas, el tipo de victimizaciĂłn y la secuencia de estrategias y recursos utilizados
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