Finiteness and orbifold Vertex Operator Algebras

In this paper, I investigate the ascending chain condition of right ideals in the case of vertex operator algebras satisfying a finiteness and/or a simplicity condition. Possible applications to the study of finiteness of orbifold VOAs is discussed.Comment: 12 pages, comments are welcom

Cloning, expression, and chromosomal localization to 11p12-13 of a human LIM/HOMEOBOX gene, hLim-1

We have identified a putative transcription factor, designated hLim-1, from human fetal brain using degenerate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cDNA library screening. The deduced open reading frame, derived from sequencing a 3.0-kb hLim-1 cDNA, encodes a protein of 384 amino acids with two cysteine-rich LIM domains and one homeobox (HOX) DNA-binding domain. The nucleotide sequence of hLim-1 cDNA is 87% identical to mouse Lim-1 and the predicted amino acid sequence is greater than 97% conserved. Expression patterns of hLim-1 were evaluated by Northern analysis and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR coupled with Southern blotting. HLim-1 expression was observed in human brain, thymus, and tonsillar tissue. Expression of hLim-1 was also observed in 58% of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cell lines and in four of five primary samples from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in myeloid blast transformation. The gene encoding hLim-1 was mapped using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to human chromosome 11p12-13. The expression pattern and structural characteristics of the hLim-1 gene suggest that it encodes a transcriptional regulatory protein involved in the control of differentiation and development of neural and lymphoid cells. Its expression in CML in blast crisis suggests that it may be involved with progression in this disease; a prospective study is required to confirm this.published_or_final_versio

3D thermal analysis of a permanent magnet motor with cooling fans

Overheating of permanent magnet (PM) machines has become a major technical challenge as it gives rise to magnet demagnetization, degradation of insulation materials, and loss of motor efficiency. This paper proposes a state-of-the-art cooling system for an axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machine with the focus on its structural optimization. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation with thermal consideration has been shown to be an efficient approach in the literature and is thus employed in this work. Meanwhile, a simplified numerical approach to the AFPM machine with complex configuration in 3D consisting of conduction, forced convection, and conjugate heat transfer is taken as a case study. Different simplification methods (including configuration and working conditions) and two optimized fans for forced convection cooling are designed and installed on the AFPM machine and compared to a natural convection cooling system. The results show that the proposed approach is effective for analyzing the thermal performance of a complex AFPM machine and strikes a balance between reasonable simplification, accuracy, and computational resource

Combining Contrast Invariant L1 Data Fidelities with Nonlinear Spectral Image Decomposition

This paper focuses on multi-scale approaches for variational methods and corresponding gradient flows. Recently, for convex regularization functionals such as total variation, new theory and algorithms for nonlinear eigenvalue problems via nonlinear spectral decompositions have been developed. Those methods open new directions for advanced image filtering. However, for an effective use in image segmentation and shape decomposition, a clear interpretation of the spectral response regarding size and intensity scales is needed but lacking in current approaches. In this context, $L^1$ data fidelities are particularly helpful due to their interesting multi-scale properties such as contrast invariance. Hence, the novelty of this work is the combination of $L^1$-based multi-scale methods with nonlinear spectral decompositions. We compare $L^1$ with $L^2$ scale-space methods in view of spectral image representation and decomposition. We show that the contrast invariant multi-scale behavior of $L^1-TV$ promotes sparsity in the spectral response providing more informative decompositions. We provide a numerical method and analyze synthetic and biomedical images at which decomposition leads to improved segmentation.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures, conference SSVM 201

CLNet: A Compact Latent Network for Fast Adjusting Siamese Trackers

© 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. In this paper, we provide a deep analysis for Siamese-based trackers and find that the one core reason for their failure on challenging cases can be attributed to the problem of decisive samples missing during offline training. Furthermore, we notice that the samples given in the first frame can be viewed as the decisive samples for the sequence since they contain rich sequence-specific information. To make full use of these sequence-specific samples, we propose a compact latent network to quickly adjust the tracking model to adapt to new scenes. A statistic-based compact latent feature is proposed to efficiently capture the sequence-specific information for the fast adjustment. In addition, we design a new training approach based on a diverse sample mining strategy to further improve the discrimination ability of our compact latent network. To evaluate the effectiveness of our method, we apply it to adjust a recent state-of-the-art tracker, SiamRPN++. Extensive experimental results on five recent benchmarks demonstrate that the adjusted tracker achieves promising improvement in terms of tracking accuracy, with almost the same speed. The code and models are available at https://github.com/xingpingdong/CLNet-tracking

High failure rate of the interspinous distraction device (X-Stop) for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis caused by degenerative spondylolisthesis

The X-Stop interspinous distraction device has shown to be an attractive alternative to conventional surgical procedures in the treatment of symptomatic degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. However, the effectiveness of the X-Stop in symptomatic degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis caused by degenerative spondylolisthesis is not known. A cohort of 12 consecutive patients with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis caused by degenerative spondylolisthesis were treated with the X-Stop interspinous distraction device. All patients had low back pain, neurogenic claudication and radiculopathy. Pre-operative radiographs revealed an average slip of 19.6%. MRI of the lumbosacral spine showed a severe stenosis. In ten patients, the X-Stop was placed at the L4–5 level, whereas two patients were treated at both, L3–4 and L4–5 level. The mean follow-up was 30.3 months. In eight patients a complete relief of symptoms was observed post-operatively, whereas the remaining 4 patients experienced no relief of symptoms. Recurrence of pain, neurogenic claudication, and worsening of neurological symptoms was observed in three patients within 24 months. Post-operative radiographs and MRI did not show any changes in the percentage of slip or spinal dimensions. Finally, secondary surgical treatment by decompression with posterolateral fusion was performed in seven patients (58%) within 24 months. In conclusion, the X-Stop interspinous distraction device showed an extremely high failure rate, defined as surgical re-intervention, after short term follow-up in patients with spinal stenosis caused by degenerative spondylolisthesis. We do not recommend the X-Stop for the treatment of spinal stenosis complicating degenerative spondylolisthesis

Identification and Verification of Ferroptosis-Related Genes in Keratoconus Using Bioinformatics Analysis

Jing-Fan Gao,* Yue-Yan Dong,* Xin Jin, Li-Jun Dai, Jing-Rao Wang, Hong Zhang Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hong Zhang, Department of Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]: Keratoconus is a commonly progressive and blinding corneal disorder. Iron metabolism and oxidative stress play crucial roles in both keratoconus and ferroptosis. However, the association between keratoconus and ferroptosis is currently unclear. This study aimed to analyze and verify the role of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in the pathogenesis of keratoconus through bioinformatics.Methods: We first obtained keratoconus-related datasets and FRGs. Then, the differentially expressed FRGs (DE-FRGs) associated with keratoconus were screened through analysis, followed by analysis of their biological functions. Subsequently, the LASSO and SVM-RFE algorithms were used to screen for diagnostic biomarkers. GSEA was performed to explore the potential functions of the marker genes. Finally, the associations between these biomarkers and immune cells were analyzed. qRT‒PCR was used to detect the expression of these biomarkers in corneal tissues.Results: A total of 39 DE-FRGs were screened, and functional enrichment analysis revealed that the DE-FRGs were closely related to apoptosis, oxidative stress, and the immune response. Then, using multiple algorithms, 6 diagnostic biomarkers were selected, and the ROC curve was used to verify their risk prediction ability. In addition, based on CIBERSORT analysis, alterations in the immune microenvironment of keratoconus patients might be associated with H19, GCH1, CHAC1, and CDKN1A. Finally, qRT‒PCR confirmed that the expression of H19 and CHAC1 was elevated in the keratoconus group.Conclusion: This study identified 6 DE-FRGs, 4 of which were associated with immune infiltrating cells, and established a diagnostic model with predictive value for keratoconus.Keywords: keratoconus, ferroptosis, immune infiltration, machine learnin

Ectopic Six3 expression in the dragon eye goldfish

For goldfish (Carassius auratus), there are many varieties with different eye phenotypes due to artificial selection and adaptive evolution. Dragon eye is a variant eye characterized by a large-size eyeball protruding out of the socket similar to the eye of dragon in Chinese legends. In this study, anatomical structure of the goldfish dragon eye was compared with that of the common eye, and a stretching of the retina was observed in the enlarged dragon eye. Moreover, the homeobox-containing transcription factor Six3 cDNAs were cloned from the two types of goldfish, and the expression patterns were analyzed in both normal eye and dragon eye goldfish. No amino acid sequence differences were observed between the two deduced peptides, and the expression pattern of Six3 protein in dragon eye is quite similar to common eye during embryogenesis, but from 2 days after hatching, ectopic Six3 expression began to occur in the dragon eye, especially in the outer nuclear layer cells. With eye development, more predominant Six3 distribution was detected in the outer nuclear layer cells of dragon eye than that of normal eye, and fewer cell-layers in outer nuclear layer were observed in dragon eye retina than in normal eye retina. The highlight of this study is that higher Six3 expression occurs in dragon eye goldfish than in normal eye goldfish during retinal development of larvae. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.For goldfish (Carassius auratus), there are many varieties with different eye phenotypes due to artificial selection and adaptive evolution. Dragon eye is a variant eye characterized by a large-size eyeball protruding out of the socket similar to the eye of dragon in Chinese legends. In this study, anatomical structure of the goldfish dragon eye was compared with that of the common eye, and a stretching of the retina was observed in the enlarged dragon eye. Moreover, the homeobox-containing transcription factor Six3 cDNAs were cloned from the two types of goldfish, and the expression patterns were analyzed in both normal eye and dragon eye goldfish. No amino acid sequence differences were observed between the two deduced peptides, and the expression pattern of Six3 protein in dragon eye is quite similar to common eye during embryogenesis, but from 2 days after hatching, ectopic Six3 expression began to occur in the dragon eye, especially in the outer nuclear layer cells. With eye development, more predominant Six3 distribution was detected in the outer nuclear layer cells of dragon eye than that of normal eye, and fewer cell-layers in outer nuclear layer were observed in dragon eye retina than in normal eye retina. The highlight of this study is that higher Six3 expression occurs in dragon eye goldfish than in normal eye goldfish during retinal development of larvae. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Quantum memory for entangled two-mode squeezed states

A quantum memory for light is a key element for the realization of future quantum information networks. Requirements for a good quantum memory are (i) versatility (allowing a wide range of inputs) and (ii) true quantum coherence (preserving quantum information). Here we demonstrate such a quantum memory for states possessing Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) entanglement. These multi-photon states are two-mode squeezed by 6.0 dB with a variable orientation of squeezing and displaced by a few vacuum units. This range encompasses typical input alphabets for a continuous variable quantum information protocol. The memory consists of two cells, one for each mode, filled with cesium atoms at room temperature with a memory time of about 1msec. The preservation of quantum coherence is rigorously proven by showing that the experimental memory fidelity 0.52(2) significantly exceeds the benchmark of 0.45 for the best possible classical memory for a range of displacements.Comment: main text 5 pages, supplementary information 3 page