Phylogenetic study of the Schismatoglottis Nervosa Complex (Araceae: Schismatoglottideae)

The Schismatoglottis Nervosa Complex (Araceae: Schismatoglottideae) currently comprises 10 species: Schismatoglottis adoceta S.Y.Wong, S. elegans A.Hay, S. liniae S.Y.Wong, S. tessellata S.Y.Wong, S. ulusarikeiensis S.Y.Wong, S. matangensis S.Y.Wong, S. simonii S.Y.Wong, S. turbata S.Y.Wong, and S. nervosa Ridl., occurring in Borneo, with each endemic to a specific locality and most to a particular geology; and one species (S. brevicuspis Hook.f.) widespread in Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatera, where it is restricted to granites. Based on analysis of the matK region, a preliminary biogeographical hypothesis for the origins and subsequent taxagenesis of the Nervosa Complex is presented. This study also provides insight into possible evolution of localised mesophytic endemics in everwet, humid, and perhumid megathermal Sundaic forests. Two clades are resolved: one north of, and another south of, the Lupar Divide

Phylogenetic study of the Hottarum Group (Araceae: Schismatoglottideae) utilising the nuclear ITS region

Volume: 63Start Page: 237End Page: 24

Phylogenetic study of the Schismatoglottis Nervosa Complex (Araceae: Schismatoglottideae)

Volume: 64Start Page: 211End Page: 21

Chemically treated microwave-derived biochar: An overview

Biochar, a carbon-rich material, can be produced via microwave pyrolysis, as a more energy and cost saving method compared to conventional externally heated pyrolysis. Biochar has versatile applications, for example, for soil amendment purpose and pollutant removal from wastewater. Chemical treatment has been proven to improve the physical and chemical properties of biochar for better applicability. Thus, extensive amount of research has been conducted on chemical treatment of conventional biochar, and several review articles have discussed published works on the chemically treated conventional biochar. However, there has been no review on works involving the chemically treated microwave-derived biochar, by far. This paper presents an overview of the current development and improvement on chemical treatment methods and applications of microwave-derived biochar