Genetic diversity analysis in tossa jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) germplasm lines

An experiment was conducted to examine the magnitude of genetic diversity and characters contributing to genetic diversity among 81 tossa jute genotypes. Cluster analysis based on Euclidean squared distances and ward’s method, the genotypes were grouped into ten distinct clusters. Analysis reveals that stick weight contributes maximum to the phenotypic diversity (65.52%) followed by green weight (13.64%) and fibre yield (10.10%). Among the clusters Cluster IX recorded highest mean fibre yield (19.91g) followed by Cluster VII (18.94g) and these clusters also recorded high mean values for plant height, basal diameter, green weight and stick weight. The highest inter- cluster distance was 186.80 (between clusters II and X) followed by 161.26 (between clusters IV and X), indicating the wide genetic diversity among these clusters. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster II (20.34) and the lowest in cluster X (3.17). The average inter-cluster distances were higher than the average intra-cluster distances, which shows the presence of wide genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters than those of the same cluster. The first two principal components, whose Eigen values are greater than one, accounted for 74% of the total variation among the five characters. The information obtained from diversity analysis is useful in planning further breeding programme for tossa jute improvement

Functional characterization of cytochrome P450-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in adipogenesis and obesity

Adipogenesis plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of obesity. Although cytochrome P450 (CYP)-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have emerged as a potential therapeutic target for cardiometabolic disease, the functional contribution of EETs to adipogenesis and the pathogenesis of obesity remain poorly understood. Our studies demonstrated that induction of adipogenesis in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells (in vitro) and obesity-associated adipose expansion in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice (in vivo) significantly dysregulate the CYP epoxygenase pathway and evoke a marked suppression of adipose-derived EET levels. Subsequent in vitro experiments demonstrated that exogenous EET analog administration elicits potent anti-adipogenic effects via inhibition of the early phase of adipogenesis. Furthermore, EET analog administration to mice significantly mitigated HFD-induced weight gain, adipose tissue expansion, pro-adipogenic gene expression, and glucose intolerance. Collectively, these findings suggest that suppression of EET bioavailability in adipose tissue is a key pathological consequence of obesity, and strategies that promote the protective effects of EETs in adipose tissue offer enormous therapeutic potential for obesity and its downstream pathological consequences

Not Available

Not AvailableCastor genotypes (30) were evaluated for ten yield and yield attributing characters to study the genetic diversity existing among them by using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference among genotypes for all the ten character studied. Based on the D2 values the genotypes were grouped into six different clusters. Maximum inter cluster distance was observed between III and VI (6170.49) while, lowest divergence was noticed between clusters I and II (742.33) indicating close relationship and similarity for most of the traits of the genotypes in this cluster. Among the nine clusters studied, yield at 180 days contributed highest towards genetic divergence (48.74%). Principal component (PC) analysis revealed that first three PC axes explained 72.48% of the total multivariate variation while the first five PC axes explaining 88.94%. These results have an important implication for castor germplasm characterization, improvement, agro morphological evaluation and conservation.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableCastor genotypes (30) were evaluated for ten yield and yield attributing characters to study the genetic diversity existing among them by using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference among genotypes for all the ten character studied. Based on the D2 values the genotypes were grouped into six different clusters. Maximum inter cluster distance was observed between III and VI (6170.49) while, lowest divergence was noticed between clusters I and II (742.33) indicating close relationship and similarity for most of the traits of the genotypes in this cluster. Among the nine clusters studied, yield at 180 days contributed highest towards genetic divergence (48.74%). Principal component (PC) analysis revealed that first three PC axes explained 72.48% of the total multivariate variation while the first five PC axes explaining 88.94%. These results have an important implication for castor germplasm characterization, improvement, agro morphological evaluation and conservationNot Availabl

New source of fusarium wilt resistance in castor

Not AvailableFusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ricini) is the major yield limiting biotic factor in castor. The castor germplasm accession RG-1624 was identified as a source of resistance to wilt under artificial epiphytotic conditions at multi locations and confirmed its reaction over years. RG-1624 would serve as a reliable donor for developing wilt resistant cultivars.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableSixteen genotypes consisting of ten lines and six testers were crossed in line x tester fashion. The hybrids and their parents were used to estimate three types of heterosis, sca effects for 11 quantitative traits. Based on the sca, heterosis and per se performance, the superior crosses were identified for each trait. The crossesPKDS-62 x IS 562 B and KKS-98049 x KMR-78 which showed superior performance in yield and yield contributing traits and these were the best among the 60 crosses studied. These crosses may be used for commercial exploitation of heterosis in sesame.Not Availabl

Not Available

This is a research article describing the development of robust and informative microsatellite markers for their application in the genetic improvement of sesame crops.The quality of sesame seed oil is superior but seed yields have stagnated at abysmally low levels. Marker-assisted genetic improvement holds key to break the yield-barrier. Robust molecular markers are the indispensable prerequisites of marker-assisted breeding. Microsatellites are the easy-to-use and codominant molecular markers widely used across crop species. In the present study, a set of 180 robust and informative SSR markers have been identified from about 400 SSR based primers tested and thus adding more markers for utilization in different marker-assisted breeding programs of sesame.ICAR and ICAR-IIO

Not Applicable

Not AvailableManagement practices in Niger (Telugu)Not Availabl

Not available

Not AvailableHybrid seed production in sunflower is a challenging task. Pollen theft by pollinators is a problem in sunflower hybrid seed production. The male parent block is always covered with a net to avoid pollinator visits. Hence, manual pollination method was recommended for good seed set and higher seed yield in sunflower. During hand pollination, a shortage of pollen due to lack of synchronization between male and female parents and unfavourable weather conditions leads to poor seed set and low yield. The utilization of stored pollen grains is a viable option to ensure pollen availability during pollen scarcity periods. In this study, sunflower pollen grains were stored at room temperature (RT), earthen pot under the pit in the open field, refrigerator (5℃) and non-polar solvents (both in RT and 5℃) for up to seven days. The viability of stored pollen was tested every day both in the laboratory (staining method) and in field conditions (hand pollination method). The staining method used for testing pollen viability was modified and standardized in laboratory conditions because of non-satisfactory results observed in existing methods. The highest pollen viability was observed in dry pollen stored at 5℃ for up to 7 days. Pollen grains stored in hexane at 5℃ recorded viability and seed set up to 4 days. Dry pollen grain at room temperature and in an earthen pot remains viable for two days. Though the pollen grains stored in acetone (both RT and 5℃) was showing viability in staining methods for three days, it failed to set seeds in field conditions. Therefore, the dry pollen grains can be effectively stored at 5℃ and utilized for up to seven days in hybrid seed production of sunflower.Not Availabl