Prevalence of dental caries among high school attendees in Qazvin, Iran

<b>Objective: </b> The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental caries among high school students in Qazvin, Iran. <b> Materials and Methods:</b> Seven hundred and eighty randomly selected high school students participated in this study. There wer 315 (40.38&#x0025;) boys and 465 (59.62&#x0025;) girls of the ages of 15 and 16 years. They were examined for dental caries using World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic criteria. The data were obtained from the epidemiological study of oral health carried out. <b> Results:</b> Of the total sample, only 24.5&#x0025; were caries free, i.e.,the caries prevalence was 75.5&#x0025;. The mean DMFT value for the total sample was 2.71 (&#x00B1; 0.86). Male students had a higher mean DMFT value (2.88 &#x00B1; 0.61) than female students (2.54 &#x00B1; 0.71) (<i>P </i>> 0.05). The mean DMFT value for the 15-year-old children was 2.66 (&#x00B1; 0.85) and for the 16-year-old children it was 2.76 (&#x00B1; 0.92). No statistically significant difference was found between male and female students. Also, no significant differences were seen

Oral Hygiene And Periodontal Status Of Hemodialyzed Patients With Chronic Renal Failure In Qazvin, Iran

Aim and Objective: The primary purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the oral health and gingival status of individual’s undergoing renal dialysis in Qazvin province.Methods and Materials: One hundred eighty Iranian patients on hemodialysis participated in the study, and were divided into threesubgroups of the population were studies :1) those who have been on renal dialysis for less than one year; 2) those on renal dialysis for 1 to3 years; and 3) those on renal dialysis for longer than 3 years. Four dental indices: the debris index (DI); the calculus index (CI); the plaque index (PI) and the gingival index (GI) were used. Data were compiled and analyzed by using 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: The results of study showed a 100% (n=180) of the individuals undergoing renal dialysis presented prevalence of mild to moderategingivitis among the studied population. The mean of debris index were 1.65, 2.07, and 2.15, with SD± 0.67, 0.47 and 0.48 respectively forthe subgroups. The means of plaque index were 1.72, 2.16 and 2.26, with SD±0.64, 0.36 and 0.42 respectively for the revealed groups. The means of calculus index were 1.58, 2.02 and 2.09, with SD± 0.58, 0.28 and 0.39 respectively for the subgroups. The means of gingival index were 1.43, 2.97 and 2.06 with SD± 0.67, 0.38 and 0.35 for the subgroups respectively. Turkey’s post hoc test showed significant difference inall indices between the 1st and 2nd subgroups, and between the 1st and 3rd subgroups, while no significant difference was found between2nd and 3rd subgroups.Conclusion:It was concluded that periodontal it was concluded that periodontal disease is prevalent in renal dialysis patients who showed unacceptable level of oral hygiene and which may increase with the chronicity of the illness. Findings led to the conclusion that the renal dialysis population in Qazvin Province, regardless of length of time on dialysis, is in need of  comprehensive professional oral care and self-care instruction. Oral disease was present and is a source of active infection in these medically compromised individuals and, as such, has dire implication for morbidity and mortality