<i>In-vitro</i> expression levels of luciferase reporter protein.

<p>Cb cells were transfected with pGL3-PEI-coated nanoparticles. The graph shows the percentage of positive wells showing luminescence on day 2, 3, 4 after washing the nanoparticles off. Well values higher than negative control average + 3x standard deviation, were considered positive. Results are shown as mean ± S.E.M. (n = 48).</p

Degradation of pGL3-PEI-coated nanoparticles.

<p><b>A:</b> Dot blot immunoanalysis was used to evaluate the internalised HSA amount in Cb cells treated with pGL3-PEI-coated nanoparticles The HSA signal was related to the signal of the negative control (horizontal line). <b>B:</b> Similar conditions were used to evaluate the chemical degradation of pGL3-PEI-coated HSA nanoparticles with proteinase K. The HSA signal was related to the signal of non-degraded nanoparticles (horizontal line). Results are shown as mean ± S.E.M. (n = 3).</p

Particle characteristics of pGL3-PEI-coated nanoparticles, unmodified HSA nanoparticles, and pGL3-PEI complexes.

<p>Particle sizes [nm] (<b>A</b>) and surface charge [mV] (<b>B</b>) of unmodified HSA nanoparticles, pGL3-PEI complexes, and pGL3-PEI-coated HSA nanoparticles. Results are shown as mean ± S.E.M. (n = 3). (<b>C</b>) Scanning electron microscopy picture of pGL3-PEI coated HSA nanoparticles. Scale bar 700 nm.</p

Uptake of HSA nanoparticles and pGL3-PEI-coated HSA nanoparticles in cerebellar granule cells.

<p><b>A:</b> Flow cytometry was used to determine the autofluorescence of the HSA nanoparticles in Cb cells. Nanoparticle uptake into the cells increased with higher concentrations of used nanoparticles (0.1 mg/ml to 1.0 mg/ml) and with incubation time (18 h to 72 h). <b>B:</b> Temperature dependency of nanoparticles uptake at 4°C, 33°C and 39°C. <b>C:</b> Comparison between unmodified and pGL3-PEI-coated HSA nanoparticle uptake in Cb cells. Results are shown as mean ± S.E.M. (n = 3). <b>D:</b> Confocal microscopy images represent the uptake of nanoparticles in Cb cells at different concentrations. 0.1 mg/ml (1), 0.25 mg/ml (2), 0.5 mg/ml (3), 1 mg/ml (4). Scale bar 100 µm.</p

Physicochemical parameters of the doxorubicin-loaded PLGA-nanoparticles.

<p>Physicochemical parameters of the doxorubicin-loaded PLGA-nanoparticles.</p

Quantitative analysis of tumour incidence, tumour size, proliferation index, and vessel density as well as semiquantitative analysis of GFAP- and VEGF expression after chemotherapy of 101/8 rat glioblastoma with different formulations of doxorubicin.

<p>Quantitative analysis of tumour incidence, tumour size, proliferation index, and vessel density as well as semiquantitative analysis of GFAP- and VEGF expression after chemotherapy of 101/8 rat glioblastoma with different formulations of doxorubicin.</p

Release of doxorubicin from different types of PLGA nanoparticles stabilized by human serum albumin (water, 37°C, n = 3).

<p>Release of doxorubicin from different types of PLGA nanoparticles stabilized by human serum albumin (water, 37°C, n = 3).</p

Glass transition temperatures (Tg) of PLGA (Resomer 502H) and its mixtures with doxorubicin and/or soybean lecithin (differential scanning calorimetry).

<p>Glass transition temperatures (Tg) of PLGA (Resomer 502H) and its mixtures with doxorubicin and/or soybean lecithin (differential scanning calorimetry).</p

Semi-quantitative analysis of the extent of necrosis after treatment with Dox-PLGA formulations, Dox-sol, and surfactant solution.

<p>Semi-quantitative analysis of the extent of necrosis after treatment with Dox-PLGA formulations, Dox-sol, and surfactant solution.</p

Transport study of adsorptively HI 6 dimethanesulfonate-loaded nanoparticles on an <i>in vitro</i> BBB model.

<p>*Mann-Whitney U Test: significant difference between NP-ApoE and free HI 6-DMS (P<0.05).</p