社会的排斥からの回復に関する研究 : 注意の向きと感情調整に着目した検討

内容の要約広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(学術)Doctor of Philosophydoctora

The Influence of the Attachment Style on Amelioration Process from Social Exclusion

It is known that responses to exclusion are influenced by individual differences. We focused on interpersonal attachment styles of individuals (anxious attachment, avoidant attachment) and investigated subjective responses to exclusion (Need-Threat), as well as attention to signs of exclusion and inclusion (Event-Related Brain Potential: P3b component). Participants played a ball-tossing game consisting of an inclusion session after an exclusion session. Results indicated no significant differences in need-threat scores between attachment styles after exclusion or inclusion sessions. Moreover, P3b amplitude for signs of exclusion (ball-tossing among others) decreased in inclusion sessions in individuals with high anxious attachment compared to those with low anxious attachment. Furthermore, P3b amplitude related to signs of inclusion (receiving balls) in individuals with high avoidant attachment was significantly less in inclusion sessions than in exclusion session

Differential relationship between decreased muscle oxygenation and blood pressure recovery during supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia

Abstract Vasoconstriction during tachyarrhythmia contributes to maintenance of arterial pressure (AP) by decreasing peripheral blood flow. This cross-sectional observational study aimed to ascertain whether the relationship between peripheral blood flow and AP recovery occurs during both paroxysmal supraventricular (PSVT, n = 19) and ventricular tachycardias (VT, n = 17). Peripheral blood flow was evaluated using forearm tissue oxygen index (TOI), and mean AP (MAP) was measured using a catheter inserted in the brachial or femoral artery during an electrophysiological study. PSVT and VT rapidly decreased MAP with a comparable heart rate (P = 0.194). MAP recovered to the baseline level at 40 s from PSVT onset, but not VT. The forearm TOI decreased during both tachyarrhythmias (P ≤ 0.029). The TOI response was correlated with MAPrecovery (i.e., MAP recovery from the initial rapid decrease) at 20–60 s from PSVT onset (r = -– 0.652 to – 0.814, P ≤ 0.0298); however, this association was not observed during VT. These findings persisted even after excluding patients who had taken vasoactive drugs. Thus, restricting peripheral blood flow was associated with MAP recovery during PSVT, but not VT. This indicates that AP recovery depends on the type of tachyarrhythmia: different cardiac output and/or vasoconstriction ability during tachyarrhythmia