Primer and probe sequences.

<p>Primer and probe sequences.</p

Significant correlations between the mRNA levels of the <i>Th</i>, <i>Dat1</i>, <i>Snca</i> and <i>Bdnf</i> genes in the VTA of the control, the “undeprived” and the “deprived” winners and all groups in combinations.

<p>Positive correlations: * - P<0.05; ** - P<0.01; *** - P<0.001; Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.</p

Significant correlations between the mRNA levels of the <i>Th</i>, <i>Dat1</i>, and <i>Snca</i> genes in the VTA of the “undeprived” and the “deprived” winners and the parameters of aggressive behavior during the 20^st confrontation.

<p>Solid lines – positive correlation; dotted line – negative correlations, P<0.05, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.</p

The normalized <i>Th</i>, <i>Dat1</i>, <i>Snca</i> and <i>Bdnf</i> mRNA levels in the VTA of the controls, “undeprived” and “deprived” winners.

<p>* - P<0.05 vs the controls (Mann-Whitney test).</p

Behavioral data from winners in the “undeprived” and the “deprived” group during their respective last encounter.

<p>Behavioral data from winners in the “undeprived” and the “deprived” group during their respective last encounter.</p

Protocol of the experiment.

<p>Detailed explanations are given in the text. Behavior in “undeprived” and “deprived” winners as recorded during their respective last encounter.</p

Protocols for studying the effects of combined stress (SDS+SIS or CDS+SIS) on the behavior of adolescents (A) and adult mice stressed in adolescence (B).

<p>SDS - social defeat stress; CDS – communication deprivation stress; SIS – social instability stress. As a control age-matched groups of males living in littermate groups were used. Before being examined in a range of behavioral tests, control animals and adult mice at the period of 31–38 days (B) were placed in individual cages to facilitate behavioral testing and remove group housing effects. Experimental groups and age-matched control groups were tested simultaneously in the behavioral tests (one test per day). Details of protocol are described in section “Materials and methods”.</p

Behavior of adolescents of different experimental groups in the partition test.

<p>SDS – social defeat stress; PS – psychological stress; Light columns - familiar partner; dark columns - unfamiliar partner; *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001 <i>vs</i> the controls of respective partners; +P<0.05; ++P<0.01; +++P<0.001 <i>vs</i> SDS adolescents of respective partners; #P<0.05; ##P<0.01; ###P<0.001 <i>vs</i> familiar partner in respective group (n = 10–12 per group).</p

BrdU-positive cells in hippocampal subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus in SDS adolescents and in grown adolescents after 3 weeks of the rest.

<p>SDS – social defeat stress **P<0.01 - <i>vs</i> the controls (n = 6–7 per group).</p

Behavior of adolescents of different experimental groups in the social interactions test.

<p>SDS – social defeat stress; PS – psychological stress; Light columns - empty cylinder; dark columns -unfamiliar partner is under cylinder. ***P<0.001 <i>vs</i> the controls of respective partners; +++P<0.001 <i>vs</i> SDS adolescents of respective partners; ##P<0.01; ###P<0.001 <i>vs</i> empty cylinder in respective groups (n = 10–12 per group).</p