Comparative Study of Soluble Naphthalene Diimide Derivatives Bearing Long Alkyl Chains as n-type Organic Thin-Film Transistor Materials

ArticleORGANIC ELECTRONICS. 14(2):516-522 (2013)journal articl

トウキョウ イカ シカ ダイガク シガクブ シガッカ ノ リンショウ ジッシュウ シサツ ホウコク

In recent years, dental services are subdivided and complicated, moreover the social circumstances change busily. An important object of the dental education is to bring up the dentist who had rich knowledge and rich human nature adaptable to such a change. The dental students can learn knowledge and skills through lectures and phantom practices. However, it is essential to experience dental examination and treatment in the clinical field to bring up dentists such as the above dentists. In the University of Tokushima faculty of dentistry, clinical clerkship has been performed by patients' cooperation, and university students have learned a communicative competence and behavior to contact with the patients as well as the knowledge and skill of dental treatment, and improved the professional ethics. On the other hand, the patients suffering from underlying disease except dental disease such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and heart disorder increase. When these diseases are particularly serious, scrupulous attention is necessary in the dental treatment, these patients are unsuitable for clinical clerkship if the patients are cooperative. Moreover it becomes difficult to get the patients' cooperation for clinical clerkship year by year. The improvement of dental clinical education is a matter of great urgency corresponding to such situation. Therefore we inspected a clinical clerkship in faculty of dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University and collected information for improvement of clinical clerkship of the University of Tokushima, faculty of dentistry

ニホン シカ ダイガク リンショウ ジッシュウ シサツ ホウコク

We made a field trip to Nippon Dental University Hospital to observe its clinical training practices on February 16, 2011. Distinctive features of the clinical training system were as follows. 1) Clinical training is given to fifth-year students. Students in the sixth-year are intent on their studies. 2) There is a one-month overlap in the training periods between these two groups, as patients are handed over from the fifth- to the fourth-year students. This handover is a student-led event. 3) After this period, pre-clinical training is given to the fifth-year students for three months, and then clinical training begins. 4) Patients are requested to evaluate and give feedback to the students treating them. Each student should receive five or more evaluations. 5) A mentor system was introduced in 2005. According to our findings and the results of the“ World Café” held on the same day with trainee dentists and fifth-year students, we identified the following means of improving our clinical training system. First, students under clinical training are now permitted to participate in case-report conferences of trainee dentists, as of 2011. This program was introduced based on the concept of top-down processing to help students form perceptions about cases and treatment. Second, the necessity of a faculty-development program focused on clinical training is recognized, to standardize and improve the guidance given to students by advising doctors. Third, the mentor system and the“ World Café” need more attention as elements of clinical training to support students and motivate improvement

Distinct role of T helper Type 17 immune response for Graves\u27 hyperthyroidism in mice with different genetic backgrounds.

T helper type 17 (Th17) cells, a newly identified effector T-cell subset, have recently been shown to play a role in numerous autoimmune diseases, including iodine-induced autoimmune thyroiditis in non-obese diabetic (NOD)-H2(h4) mice, which had previously been thought Th1-dominant. We here studied the role of Th17 in Graves\u27 hyperthyroidism, another thyroid-specific autoimmune disease, in a mouse model. Two genetically distinct BALB/c and NOD-H2(h4) strains with intact or disrupted IL-17 genes (IL-17(+/+) or IL-17(-/-)) were immunized with adenovirus (Ad) expressing the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) A-subunit (Ad-TSHR289). Both IL-17(+/+) and IL-17(-/-) mice developed anti-TSHR antibodies and hyperthyroidism at equally high frequencies on the BALB/c genetic background. In contrast, some IL-17(+/+), but none of IL-17(-/-), mice became hyperthyroid on the NOD-H2(h4) genetic background, indicating the crucial role of IL-17 for development of Graves\u27 hyperthyroidism in non-susceptible NOD-H2(h4), but not in susceptible BALB/c mice. In the T-cell recall assay, splenocytes and lymphocytes from the draining lymph nodes from either mouse strains, irrespective of IL-17 gene status, produced IFN-γ and IL-10 but not other cytokines including IL-17 in response to TSHR antigen. Thus, the functional significance of Th17 may not necessarily be predictable from cytokine expression patterns in splenocytes or inflammatory lesions. In conclusion, this is, to our knowledge, the first report showing that the role of Th17 cells for the pathogenesis of a certain autoimmune disease depends on the mouse genetic backgrounds

The whole blood transcriptional regulation landscape in 465 COVID-19 infected samples from Japan COVID-19 Task Force

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19患者由来の血液細胞における遺伝子発現の網羅的解析 --重症度に応じた遺伝子発現の変化には、ヒトゲノム配列の個人差が影響する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-23.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently-emerged infectious disease that has caused millions of deaths, where comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms is still unestablished. In particular, studies of gene expression dynamics and regulation landscape in COVID-19 infected individuals are limited. Here, we report on a thorough analysis of whole blood RNA-seq data from 465 genotyped samples from the Japan COVID-19 Task Force, including 359 severe and 106 non-severe COVID-19 cases. We discover 1169 putative causal expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) including 34 possible colocalizations with biobank fine-mapping results of hematopoietic traits in a Japanese population, 1549 putative causal splice QTLs (sQTLs; e.g. two independent sQTLs at TOR1AIP1), as well as biologically interpretable trans-eQTL examples (e.g., REST and STING1), all fine-mapped at single variant resolution. We perform differential gene expression analysis to elucidate 198 genes with increased expression in severe COVID-19 cases and enriched for innate immune-related functions. Finally, we evaluate the limited but non-zero effect of COVID-19 phenotype on eQTL discovery, and highlight the presence of COVID-19 severity-interaction eQTLs (ieQTLs; e.g., CLEC4C and MYBL2). Our study provides a comprehensive catalog of whole blood regulatory variants in Japanese, as well as a reference for transcriptional landscapes in response to COVID-19 infection

The acoustical characteristics of dugong calls and the behavioral correlates observed in Toba aquarium

Organized by Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University ; JSPS Bangkok Liaison Office ; Japanese Society of Bio-logging Science ; Informatics Research Center for Development of Knowledge Society InfrastructureDecember 13-14, 2005, Siam City Hotel, Bangkok, ThailandDugongs, Dugong dugon, are listed as Vulnerable to extinction in IUCN Red List. Previous reports suggested that there were some correlation between the behavior and the acoustical characteristics of dugongs. However, there was no continuous observation of an identified individual. We analyzed the acoustical characteristics of a captive dugong and the behavioral correlation in Toba aquarium, Japan. The purpose of this study was to predict its behavior based on the acoustical characteristics of dugong calls. In December in 2003 and 2004, we observed the male dugong (Junichi) in Toba aquarium. We used a digital video camera and a hydrophone to record the behavior and the vocalization of the dugong. Video-recording was taken in the daylight for 18 hours each (total 36 hours). The underwater sound recording was performed all through the survey for 31 hours each (total 62 hours). We recorded active movements (exposing its penis, rubbing its penis or body against objects, jumping out of the water, beating a water pillow with its flipper and running hard into wall). Through the observation, 616 calls were recorded. Call duration ranged 34-5039ms. These calls could be categorized by two types : short calls (chirp) that are under 300ms (380 samples) and long calls (trill) that are 300ms and above (236 samples). Call frequency ranged from 1.0 kHz to 8.6 kHz. All of the trains of calls with more than four calls were observed within 10 minutes from the active movements. The dugong made 38 very long calls (over 3000 ms). Almost all (94.7%) of the long calls were observed within 10 minutes from the active movements

Metabolome Analysis of Constituents in Membrane Vesicles for Clostridium thermocellum Growth Stimulation

The cultivation of the cellulolytic bacterium, Clostridium thermocellum, can have cost-effective cellulosic biomass utilizations, such as consolidated bioprocessing, simultaneous biological enzyme production and saccharification. However, these processes require a longer cultivation term of approximately 1 week. We demonstrate that constituents of the C. thermocellum membrane vesicle fraction significantly promoted the growth rate of C. thermocellum. Similarly, cell-free Bacillus subtilis broth was able to increase C. thermocellum growth rate, while several B. subtilis single-gene deletion mutants, e.g., yxeJ, yxeH, ahpC, yxdK, iolF, decreased the growth stimulation ability. Metabolome analysis revealed signal compounds for cell–cell communication in the C. thermocellum membrane vesicle fraction (ethyl 2-decenoate, ethyl 4-decenoate, and 2-dodecenoic acid) and B. subtilis broth (nicotinamide, indole-3-carboxaldehyde, urocanic acid, nopaline, and 6-paradol). These findings suggest that the constituents in membrane vesicles from C. thermocellum and B. subtilis could promote C. thermocellum growth, leading to improved efficiency of cellulosic biomass utilization