498 research outputs found
Psychophysiological correlates of peritraumatic dissociative responses in survivors of life-threatening cardiac events
The psychophysiological startle response pattern associated with peritraumatic dissociation (DISS) was studied in 103 survivors of a life-threatening cardiac event (mean age 61.0 years, SD 13.95). Mean time period since the cardiac event was 37 (79 IQD) months. All patients underwent a psychodiagnostic evaluation (including the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire) and a psychophysiological startle experience which comprised the delivery of 15 acoustic startle trials. Magnitude and habituation to trials were measured by means of electromyogram (EMG) and skin conductance responses (SCR). Thirty-two (31%) subjects were indexed as patients with a clinically significant level of DISS symptoms. High-level DISS was associated with a higher magnitude of SCR (ANOVA for repeated measures p = 0.017) and EMG (p = 0.055) and an impaired habituation (SCR slope p = 0.064; EMG slope p = 0.005) in comparison to subjects with no or low DISS. In a subgroup analysis, high-level DISS patients with severe post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD; n = 11) in comparison to high-level DISS patients without subsequent PTSD (n = 19) exhibited higher EMG amplitudes during all trials (repeated measures analysis of variance IF = 5.511, p = 0.026). The results demonstrate exaggerated startle responses in SCR and EMG measures - an abnormal defensive response to high-intensity stimuli which indicates a steady state of increased arousal. DISS patients without PTSD exhibited balanced autonomic responses to the startle trials. DISS may, therefore, unfold malignant properties only in combination with persistent physiological hyperarousability. Copyright (C) 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel
High-pressure versus isoelectronic doping effect on the honeycomb iridate NaIrO
We study the effect of isoelectronic doping and external pressure in tuning
the ground state of the honeycomb iridate NaIrO by combining optical
spectroscopy with synchrotron x-ray diffraction measurements on single
crystals. The obtained optical conductivity of NaIrO is discussed in
terms of a Mott insulating picture versus the formation of quasimolecular
orbitals and in terms of Kitaev-interactions. With increasing Li content ,
(NaLi)IrO moves deeper into the Mott insulating regime and
there are indications that up to a doping level of 24\% the compound comes
closer to the Kitaev-limit. The optical conductivity spectrum of single
crystalline -LiIrO does not follow the trends observed for the
series up to . There are strong indications that -LiIrO
is less close to the Kitaev-limit compared to NaIrO and closer to the
quasimolecular orbital picture. Except for the pressure-induced hardening of
the phonon modes, the optical properties of NaIrO seem to be robust
against external pressure. Possible explanations of the unexpected evolution of
the optical conductivity with isolectronic doping and the drastic change
between and are given by comparing the pressure-induced changes
of lattice parameters and the optical conductivity with the corresponding
changes induced by doping.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
The Orbital Order Parameter in La0.95Sr0.05MnO3 probed by Electron Spin Resonance
The temperature dependence of the electron-spin resonance linewidth in
La0.95Sr0.05MnO3 has been determined and analyzed in the paramagnetic regime
across the orbital ordering transition. From the temperature dependence and the
anisotropy of linewidth and -value the orbital order can be unambiguously
determined via the mixing angle of the wave functions of the -doublet. The linewidth shows a similar evolution with temperature as
resonant x-ray scattering results
Anomalous optical phonons in FeTe pnictides: spin state, magnetic order, and lattice anharmonicity
Polarized Raman-scattering spectra of non-superconducting, single-crystalline
FeTe are investigated as function of temperature. We have found a relation
between the magnitude of ordered magnetic moments and the linewidth of A1g
phonons at low temperatures. This relation is attributed to the intermediate
spin state (S=1) and the orbital degeneracy of the Fe ions. Spin-phonon
coupling constants have been estimated based on microscopic modeling using
density-functional theory and analysis of the local spin density. Our
observations show the importance of orbital degrees of freedom for the Fe-based
superconductors with large ordered magnetic moments, while small magnetic
moment of Fe ions in some iron pnictides reflects the low spin state of Fe ions
in those systems.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figure
Optical evidence for symmetry changes above the Neel temperature in KCuF3
We report on optical measurements of the 1D Heisenberg antiferromagnet KCuF3.
The crystal-field excitations of the Cu2+ ions have been observed and their
temperature dependence can be understood in terms of magnetic and
exchange-induced dipole mechanisms and vibronic interactions. Above T_N we
observe a new temperature scale T_S characterized by the emergence of narrow
absorption features that correlate with changes of the orbital ordering as
observed by Paolasini et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 106403 (2002)]. The
appearance of these optical transitions provides evidence for a symmetry change
above the Neel temperature that affects the orbital ordering and paves the way
for the antiferromagnetic ordering.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Spin fluctuations in the quasi-two dimensional Heisenberg ferromagnet GdI_2 studied by Electron Spin Resonance
The spin dynamics of GdI_2 have been investigated by ESR spectroscopy. The
temperature dependences of the resonance field and ESR intensity are well
described by the model for the spin susceptibility proposed by Eremin et al.
[Phys. Rev. B 64, 064425 (2001)]. The temperature dependence of the resonance
linewidth shows a maximum similar to the electrical resistance and is discussed
in terms of scattering processes between conduction electrons and localized
spins.Comment: to be published in PR
Evidence for Jahn-Teller distortions at the antiferromagnetic transition in LaTiO
LaTiO is known as Mott-insulator which orders antiferromagnetically at
K. We report on results of thermal expansion and temperature
dependent x-ray diffraction together with measurements of the heat capacity,
electrical transport measurements, and optical spectroscopy in untwinned single
crystals. At significant structural changes appear, which are
volume conserving. Concomitant anomalies are also observed in the
dc-resistivity, in bulk modulus, and optical reflectivity spectra. We interpret
these experimental observations as evidence of orbital order.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures; published in Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 066403 (2003
Structural and magnetic dimers in the spin-gapped system CuTe2O5
We investigated the magnetic properties of the system CuTe2O5 by
susceptibility and electron spin resonance measurements. The anisotropy of the
effective g-factors and the ESR linewidth indicates that the anticipated
structural dimer does not correspond to the singlet-forming magnetic dimer.
Moreover, the spin susceptibility of CuTe2O5 can only be described by taking
into account interdimer interactions of the same order of magnitude than the
intradimer coupling. Analyzing the exchange couplings in the system we identify
the strongest magnetic coupling between two Cu ions to be mediated by
super-super exchange interaction via a bridging Te ligand, while the
superexchange coupling between the Cu ions of the structural dimer only results
in the second strongest coupling
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