Analysis of the prevalence and associated factors of overactive bladder in adult Korean men

<div><p>Overactive bladder (OAB) is a prevalent condition characterized by lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Age, education, income, marital status, sleep, and emotional problems have been associated with OAB; however, conflicting results exist. The present study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of OAB and comprehensively analyze its associated factors in a large cross-sectional, population-based study. The data of 94,554 participants aged 19–107 were analyzed from the Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS) of 2012. Data on marital status, physical activity, education level, occupation, body mass index (BMI), income level, sleep time, and stress level were retrieved for all enrolled participants. The overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) was used to evaluate the presence and degree of OAB. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses with complex sampling were used for the associations between various factors and the presence of OAB. Overall, OAB was present in approximately 2.9% of the participants. The prevalence of OAB increased with age and steeply increased after 60 years of age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] for each 10 years = 1.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.61–1.80, P<0.001). The prevalence of OAB was lower in married than unmarried subjects (AOR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.48–0.72, P<0.001). The prevalence of OAB was significantly different according to occupation Compared to manager, expert, specialist, clerk group, the prevalence of OAB was highest in unemployed group (AOR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.55–2.32, P < 0.001). Being underweight was correlated with OAB (AOR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.08–1.55, P = 0.018). Inadequate sleep showed a significant association with OAB (AOR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.02–1.25 for ≤6 hours of sleep time and AOR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.27–1.86 for ≥9 hours of sleep, P<0.001). Stress level showed a dose-dependent positive association with OAB [AOR (95% CI) = 3.91 (3.13–4.89) > 2.16 (1.88–2.48) > 1.39 (1.23–1.57) for severe stress > moderate stress > some stress, respectively, P<0.001]. A medical history of diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and/or cerebral stroke was significantly related to OAB. Approximately 2.9% of adult Korean men experienced OAB based on the OABSS. Unmarried status; occupation; being underweight; inadequate sleep; stress; and medical history of diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, or cerebral stroke were significantly correlated with OAB.</p></div

Neck dissection does not increases the risk of stroke in thyroid cancer: A national cohort study

<div><p>Objectives</p><p>The purpose of this study is to evaluate the risk of stroke (hemorrhagic or ischemic) after neck dissection in thyroid cancer patients in Korea using national cohort data.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Using the national cohort study from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, patients with neck dissection for thyroid cancer (1,041) and control participants (4,164) were selected and matched 1:4 (age, gender, income, and region of residence). The Chi-square test, Fischer’s exact test, and the Cox-proportional hazard model were used. The Cox-proportional analysis used a crude model and an adjusted model for age, gender, income, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia.</p><p>Results</p><p>None of the participants had suffered hemorrhagic stroke in the neck dissection group, while 0.3% (13/4,164) of participants had suffered hemorrhagic stroke in the control group (P = 0.085). In total, 0.8% (8/1,041) of participants had suffered an ischemic stroke in the neck dissection group, and 0.7% (31/4,133) of participants had suffered an ischemic stroke in the control group (P = 0.936). The adjusted hazard ratio for ischemic stroke after neck dissection was 1.06 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.49–2.31, P = 0.884).</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>The risk of hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke was not higher in thyroid cancer patients who underwent neck dissection than that in the matched control group.</p></div

A schematic illustration of the participant selection process that was used in the present study.

<p>Of a total of 1,125,691 participants, The neck dissection participants were matched 1:4 with the control group. Finally, 1,041 neck dissection participants and 4,164 control participants were included.</p

Crude and adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of neck dissection for ischemic stroke.

<p>Crude and adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of neck dissection for ischemic stroke.</p

General characteristics of participants.

<p>General characteristics of participants.</p

The rate of hemorrhage and ischemic stroke after neck dissection for thyroid cancer.

<p>The rate of hemorrhage and ischemic stroke after neck dissection for thyroid cancer.</p

The cumulative probability of ischemic stroke in the neck dissection and control group.

<p>The cumulative probability of ischemic stroke in the neck dissection and control group.</p

A schematic illustration of participant selection in the present study.

<p>A schematic illustration of participant selection in the present study.</p

Analysis of the prevalence of and factors associated with overactive bladder in adult Korean women

<div><p>Background</p><p>Overactive bladder (OAB) is one of the most prevalent lower urinary tract conditions and has been suggested to be related to various factors. We assessed the prevalence of and factors associated with OAB in women based on a large cross-sectional, population-based study of adult Korean women.</p><p>Methods</p><p>The Korean community health survey (KCHS) of 2012 was reviewed, and 107,950 female participants aged 19 to 107 years were identified for inclusion in this study. The overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) was used to define and classify OAB as mild, moderate, or severe. Numerous variables, including marital status; physical activity; education and income levels; type of occupation; body mass index (BMI); smoking; alcohol; sleep time; and medical history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, or cerebral stroke, were evaluated. The correlation of these variables with the prevalence of OAB was analyzed using simple and multiple logistic regression analyses with complex sampling.</p><p>Results</p><p>The results showed that 5.2% of adult women experienced OAB. Multiple regression analyses showed a significant correlation between the following variables and OAB: older age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.39–1.50, P < 0.001 as 10 years older); married status (AOR = 0.83, 95%CI = 0.70–0.96, P = 0.016); lower level of income (AOR = 1.50, 95%CI = 1.34–1.68, P < 0.001); high BMI (AOR = 1.33, 95%CI = 1.23–1.44, P < 0.001); smoking (AOR = 1.24, 95%CI = 1.04–1.47, P < 0.001); long sleep time (AOR = 1.95, 95%CI = 1.69–2.26); and medical history of hypertension (AOR = 1.11, 95%CI = 1.03–1.21, P = 0.011), diabetes mellitus (AOR = 1.38, 95%CI = 1.25–1.53, P < 0.001), hyperlipidemia (AOR = 1.27, 95%CI = 1.16–1.39, P < 0.001), and cerebral stroke (AOR = 2.04, 95%CI = 1.73–2.41, P < 0.001). The level of stress showed a dose-dependent association with OAB (AOR [95%CI] = 3.28 [2.81–3.83] > 2.11 [1.91–2.33] >1.28 [1.16–1.41] for severe > moderate > some stress, respectively, P < 0.001).</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>The prevalence of OAB was approximately 5.2% among adult Korean women. Older age; high BMI; stress level; sleep duration; levels of income and education; marital status; smoking; and medical history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and cerebral stroke were significantly related to OAB in women.</p></div

The prevalence of OAB increased with age.

<p>According to the severity of OAB, mild, moderate, and severe OAB were relatively comparable from 19–30 years of age through 41–50 years of age and steeply increased after 51 years of age.</p