Comparison of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Graft Materials and Risk of Rupture/Reinjury in Young Athletes

The anterior cruciate ligament tear is a standard surgical injury seen with young athletes competing at elite, amateur, and recreational capacities. The purpose of this literature review is to determine the rehabilitation guidelines and risks associated with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, as well as determining the role of rehabilitation in graft rupture. This literature review also serves to determine if graft choice for surgical repair plays a role in an increased risk of rupture or reinjury. This literature review used various online databases, including Dynamed, Cochran, and Pubmed, with the utilization of MeSH terms listed below in “keywords” in order to identify applicable data. A systematic review of the literature was then completed. Data showed that athletes near or younger than the age of 25 were at a higher risk of graft rupture. The patellar tendon graft shows a decreased risk of rupture and instability when compared to hamstring grafts. Allografts were found to have an increased risk of rupture in young athletes when compared to hamstring grafts and should not be considered for young athletes. Failure to complete a rehabilitation program was also determined to play a role in graft rupture. Keywords

Bureau of Business and Economic Research Report

The UMD Labovitz School of Business and Economics’ research bureau, the Bureau of Business and Economic Research (BBER), was asked to study and estimate the economic impact of the tourism industry in Duluth. The study area used in the analysis includes all Duluth zip codes. The research objectives of this study included the following: • Show current size of Duluth’s tourism industry in terms of employment and value added. • Show recent trends in employment for the tourism industry. • Model economic impacts of 0.5%, 2%, and 4% increases in the Duluth tourism industry

Bureau of Business and Economic Research Report

The Bureau of Business and Economic Research (BBER) at the University of Minnesota Duluth’s Labovitz School of Business and Economics was contacted by HAHA to estimate the economic impacts of Hermantown hockey on the study area. For the purpose of this report, Hermantown hockey includes all of HAHA’s youth games and tournaments, the Hermantown High School hockey program (uses the Hermantown arena), and the operations of the Hermantown Arena. HAHA also requested research on the potential economic impacts of adding a second sheet of ice to the arena that would add capacity for additional games and tournaments throughout the season. The BBER first focused on Hermantown hockey’s current impacts on the economy and then estimated the possible impacts of expanding the existing arena

Bureau of Business and Economic Research Report

The UMD Labovitz School of Business and Economics’ research bureau, the Bureau of Business and Economic Research (BBER), was contacted by the Iron Mining Association of Minnesota and Mining Minnesota to study and estimate the economic impacts of construction and operations for ferrous and nonferrous mining on Minnesota and the Arrowhead Region including Douglas County, Wisconsin. The objectives of the study include: • To study the recent economic trends of the ferrous and nonferrous mining industries and describe the size of the mining industry relative to the economic base of the study area. • To model the economic impacts of the ferrous and nonferrous mining industry, including the current and projected impacts of the industry’s operations and projected capital expenditures. • To report on Minnesota mining-related taxes paid by the mining industry. • To report on the business confidence of mining-related firms in the study area

Bureau of Business and Economic Research Report

The Duluth Bethel (Bethel) is a private non-profit 501c(3) organization that provides community corrections and inpatient and outpatient chemical dependency services to individuals in Duluth and the surrounding region. Roughly half of the individuals served by Bethel in a given year receive treatment for chemical dependency through the Port Rehabilitation program, while the rest participate in one of the facility’s Community Corrections programs (either the Work Release or Female Offender Programs). This project outlines an evaluation strategy for Bethel and assesses the costs and outcomes of the organization’s primary programs. The team utilized data for four years, 2015-2018. The analysis has four primary goals. First was the development of an agency-wide logic model that includes program resources and inputs; actions and outputs; and short-term, medium-term, and long-term outcomes on both clients and the community. Second, data currently being collected by Bethel on its programs and clients as well as any important measures not currently being collected were summarized. Third, common client scenarios (or pathways) for Bethel’s clients were identified, and the costs and outcomes of Bethel’s programs were compared with the most likely alternatives for clients (e.g. jail, prison, treatment). And fourth, a list of recommendations for the organization, based on the study results, existing literature, and feedback from staff and subject-matter experts was developed

Bureau of Business and Economic Research Report

The purpose of this study is to build upon the findings from the BBER’s 2016 study, expand the knowledge base related to the split incentive and its impact on student renters, and address the proposed adjustments to the previous research. Specifically, this investigation addressed the following research questions: 1. Are renters willing to pay more in rent for energy efficient upgrades to be installed in their rental property? 2. What monetary value do renters place on a monthly savings in utility payments? 3. Is there a significant difference between student and non-student renters in these two areas (willingness to pay and value placed on utility savings)? 4. What are landlords willing to pay for various energy efficient upgrades? 5. What portion of the cost for various energy efficient upgrades are landlords willing to pay themselves, and what portion would they expect to pass on to renters? 6. Are there any social or demographic factors that influence renter and/or landlord behaviors in this area?Carlson School of Management, Wells Fargo Foundatio