Elimination of teicoplanin by adsorption to the filter membrane during haemodiafiltration: Screening experiments for linezolid, teicoplanin and vancomycin followed by in vitro haemodiafiltration models for teicoplanin

Pharmaceutical agents directed against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus can be eliminated during haemodiafiltration, not only by diffusion and ultrafiltration, but also by adsorption onto haemofilters. The latter may be affected by the binding of agents to serum albumin. The present study therefore investigated the affinity of anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus agents (teicoplanin, linezolid, vancomycin) for haemofilters and the pharmacokinetic properties of teicoplanin during haemodiafiltration. Linezolid, teicoplanin and vancomycin were first screened for their in vitro affinity for three different kinds of filter membranes: polysulfone, polyacrylonitrile and polymethylmethacrylate. Only teicoplanin showed significant filter-binding activity. An in vitro haemodiafiltration circulation model was then developed that incorporated a one-litre beaker containing Krebs-Ringer\u27s bicarbonate solution with/without human albumin (0 or 3 g/dl) as an artificial plasma. Teicoplanin (initial concentration 50 μg/ml, representing the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) resulting from a typical clinical dosage) was circulated throughout the beaker. Teicoplanin concentrations in the \u27plasma\u27 and ultrafiltrate were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. In the screening experiment, teicoplanin was predominantly adsorbed onto polysulfone and polymethylmethacrylate membranes. Furthermore, teicoplanin was primarily eliminated by adsorption onto these filters during in vitro haemodiafiltration. Albumin significantly reduced both haemodiafiltration clearance and the adsorption-dependent elimination, although there were complex but significant interactions between albumin and the filter membrane. Elimination of teicoplanin in an in vitro haemodiafiltration model was largely due to adsorption onto polysulfone and polymethylmethacrylate haemofilters. Future clinical studies should likely be designed to evaluate present recommendations of teicoplanin dosages in patients on haemodiafiltration

Visualization of the radiofrequency lesion after pulmonary vein isolation using delayed enhancement magnetic resonance imaging fused with magnetic resonance angiography

AbstractBackgroundThe radiofrequency (RF) lesions for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation can be visualized by delayed enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI). However, the quality of anatomical information provided by DE-MRI is not adequate due to its spatial resolution. In contrast, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) provides similar information regarding the left atrium (LA) and pulmonary veins (PVs) as computed tomography angiography. We hypothesized that DE-MRI fused with MRA will compensate for the inadequate image quality provided by DE-MRI.MethodsDE-MRI and MRA were performed in 18 patients who underwent AF ablation (age, 60±9 years; LA diameter, 42±6mm). Two observers independently assessed the DE-MRI and DE-MRI fused with MRA for visualization of the RF lesion (score 0–2; where 0: not visualized and 2: excellent in all 14 segments of the circular RF lesion).ResultsDE-MRI fused with MRA was successfully performed in all patients. The image quality score was significantly higher in DE-MRI fused with MRA compared to DE-MRI alone (observer 1: 22 (18, 25) vs 28 (28, 28), p<0.001; observer 2: 24 (23, 25) vs 28 (28, 28), p<0.001).ConclusionsDE-MRI fused with MRA was superior to DE-MRI for visualization of the RF lesion owing to the precise information on LA and PV anatomy provided by DE-MRI

足部関節軸位の吟味, とくに内反足における下腿外旋について

journal articl

TISSUE POLYPEPTIDE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN (TPS) AS A TUMOR MARKER FOR GYNECOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES : A COMPARATIVE STUDY WITH TISSUE POLYPEPTIDE ANTIGEN (TPA), CANCER ANTIGEN 125 (CA125) AND SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN (SCC)

1957年共同研究者により各種腫瘍組織混合抽出液より精製されたtissue polypeptide antigen (TPA)はその後cytokeratins 8, 18, 19との交差反応が見られ,一種の細胞構築蛋白であることが判明している。最近Bjurk・lundはTPAをマウスに免疫しcytokeratinと交差しない単クローン抗体M3を得た。同抗体を使用して組み立てられたimmunoradiometrical assay (IRMA)を用いてspecific TPA (TPS)を各種婦人科癌患者血清にて測定し,従来のTPA, cancer antigen 125 (CA 125)およびsquamous cell carcinoma-associated antigen (SCC)と比較し,その臨床的有用性と限界を検討した。A new immunoradiometrical assay (IRMA) for a tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS) has recently been established using a monoclonal antibody (M 3) against purified tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA). With the use of this IRMA, we measured serum TPS levels in 68 patients with benign gynecologic diseases and in 71 patients with gynecologic malignancies before treatment. Eleven gynecological cancer patients who showed the positivity for TPS before the treatment were followed up by monitoring the serum TPS levels. Tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) or squamous cell carcinoma-associated antigen (SCC) were also measured in these patients. The present study first described the clinical usefulness and weakness of TPS as a tumor marker for gynecologic malignancies by making a comparison with TPA, CA 125 or SCC

Research Problems to Solve for the Study of Rice Plant Growth and Environmental Factors (Symposium on the Research Problems of Rice Farming, 1965)

書誌情報のみBibliographic data Onl

On the Relationship between the Nitrogen Deficiency of the Rice Plant Roots and the Reduction of the Midium

書誌情報のみBibliographic data Onl

<Notes>A Note on Nutritional Disorders of the Rice Plant in Java, Indonesia

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