EVALUATION OF THE BICYCLE SAFETY TREATMENTS OF LEFT-TURNING VEHICLES AT SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS USING DRIVING SIMULATOR

自転車事故の約7割が交差点で発生しており，信号交差点では自動車右左折時の巻き込み事故がその約6割を占めている．平成24年度の「安全で快適な自転車利用環境創出ガイドライン」では自転車直進時の左折巻き込み防止のための交差点レイアウトを示している．今後自転車通行帯整備にあたっては，直進自転車と左折車の安全性を考慮した交差点処理方法が重要と考えられる．本研究では，信号交差点における車道走行の自転車を考慮した安全施策の評価を目的としている．施策として「分離方式」「混在方式」の2パターンをとりあげ，協調型ドライビングシミュレータを用いた実験により自転車と自動車の挙動，被験者の不安感を分析した．この結果，混在方式が安全性の面で優れているが，利用者の不安感の面では課題を残していることが明らかになった．Around 70% of bicycle accidents in Japan occur at intersections. At signalized intersections, 60% of bicycle accidents are crashes with left or right turn vehicles. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) and the National Police Agency (NPA) published “Guideline for creating a safe and comfortable bicycle friendly environment” on November 29th, 2012. This guideline mentioned basic strategy of the layout of intersections to consider the prevention of crashes of cycling on carriage way and vehicles turning left. In order to promote bicycle friendly streets, it becomes important to design intersections especially safe for the bicycles to left-turning vehicles in Japan. The aim of this study is to evaluate the bicycle safety treatments for left-turning vehicles at signalized intersections by employing the experiments in virtual reality of driving and cycling simulator. Comparing with junction layouts; segregation policy and mixture policy from viewpoints of vehicle and bicycle behavior, safety sense, and TTC, it is found that the mixture policy is safer but has disadvantage for keeping cyclists’ safety sense to the vehicles

SAFETY EVALUATION OF BICYCLE DIRECTION CONTROL SYSTEM AT SMALL JUNCTIONS USING DRIVING SIMULATOR EXPERIMENTS

自転車事故は全事故の2割を占め，その約5割が無信号交差点で発生し，自動車と自転車が交差する出会い頭事故がそのうちの6割を占める．既存研究によると，無信号交差点での自動車の直進・左折時には左側からの自転車との事故割合が高いが，右折時には右側からの自転車との割合が高くなることが分かっている．その原因として，ドライバーにとって両方向から現れる自転車への注視が困難であることが考えられる．本研究では，細街路交差点において両側通行の危険性を明らかにすることを目的とした．ドライビングシミュレータを用いて自転車との出会い頭事故を再現した実験により，両側通行を認めるパターンで2台の自転車が出現する場合，左側通行のみの2台の自転車が出現する場合に比べて，TTC，危険感などで安全性に劣ることが明らかになった．The ratio of bicycles accidents at small junctions in Japan is about 50%, and 60% of them are crossing accidents. According to the previous studies, a large part of left turning and straight crossing accidents is the crash with bicycles running right side of roads, but a large part of right turning accidents is the crash with bicycles running left side. The reason of the phenomena is considered that the regularization that bicycles run in both direction almost of small junctions in Japan. The aim of study is to evaluate the danger of bicycle direction control system which permits the both way cycling at small junctions. By employing the virtual experiment of crossing accidents using driving simulator, the effects on the safety are found from the viewpoints of drivers sense and TTC index. by the direction control of left side cycling compared with both way cycling system

Superconductivity induced by inter-band nesting in the three-dimensional honeycomb lattice

In order to study whether the inter-band nesting can favor superconductivity arising from electron-electron repulsion in a three-dimensional system, we have looked at the repulsive Hubbard model on a stack of honeycomb (i.e., non-Bravais) lattices with the FLEX method, partly motivated by the superconductivity observed in MgB2. By systematically changing the shape of Fermi surface with varied band filling n and the third-direction hopping, we have found that the pair scattering across the two-bands is indeed found to give rise to gap functions that change sign across the bands and behave as an s- or d-wave within each band. This implies (a) the electron repulsion can assist gapful pairing when a phonon-mechanism pairing exists, and (b) the electron repulsion alone, when strong enough, can give rise to a d-wave-like pairing, which should be, for a group-theoretic reason, a time-reversal broken d+id with point nodes in the gap

Optimum Arrangement of Secondary Sources and Error Sensors for Active Noise Barrier

INTERNOISE2000: the 29th international congress on noise control engineering, August 27-31, 2000, Nice, France.We have researched on the rational design method of active noise barrier based on the boundary surface control principle. This active noise barrier is composed of a conventional barrier, multiple secondary sources and multiple error sensors. The secondary sources and the error sensors are located on a surface in parallel with the barrier. By using this, we can control noise not only at the error sensor point but also at the other points in a wide area. In this paper, we study on the position of the secondary sources and the error sensors by calculating the control effect using the two-dimensional numerical method. The results show that: (1) the interval between the secondary sources should be less than the half of the wavelength at the frequency considered; and (2) increasing the distance between the error sensor and the secondary source improves effectiveness

Numerical study of active noise barrier based on the boundary surface control principle

Active1999: International Symposium on Active Control of Sound and Vibration, December 2-4, 1999, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA

Seek for Studying in International Communication to Develop Universal citizenship —3—

広島大学附属三原幼稚園・小学校・中学校(以下本学園)が掲げている「三原学園プラン」の特質の第1として挙げている21世紀型学力の1つが, 国際的コミュニケーション能力である。本学園では, この国際的コミュニケーション能力を「確かな語学力を基に, 様々なメディアを駆使して多文化を理解したり, 人々と国際的にコミュニケーションしたりする力」と定義している。この力を育む研究を進めるために, 2006年度から新たに国際コミュニケーション学習開発部会(以下本部会)を立ち上げた。2006年度から国際コミュニケーション科を設立し, 本部会が中心となって題材開発とカリキュラム開発を進めてきた。本稿では, 国際コミュニケーション学習の目標, めざす子どもの姿, 研究の方法と保育・授業実践を示している。また, 国際コミュニケーション科で育った子どもたちの姿を幼稚園から中学校までの事例をあげるとともに, 6年間に及ぶ研究のまとめをも提言している