Osteoarthritis year 2011 in review: biochemical markers of osteoarthritis: an overview of research and initiatives

SummaryThe “year in review” session is a key moment of the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) Congress. This is a unique opportunity for opinion leaders to summarize and comment the recent advances in one particular field of osteoarthritis research. This review is a summary of selected studies related to soluble biomarkers published between September 1st, 2010 and August 30th, 2011 and identified by a pubmed search using the terms “biomarkers” and “osteoarthritis”. In addition, I have selected some works presented during the 2011 OARSI Congress. This year was dominated by the publication of a consensus paper on the qualification of osteoarthritis (OA) biomarkers by the OARSI/Food Drug Administration (FDA) Osteoarthritis Biomarkers Working Group, and of proteomes of chondrocyte vesicles, urine and serum

Cartilage repair in osteoarthritic patients: utopia or real opportunity?

As medical advances lengthen average life expectancy, osteoarthritis (OA) will become a larger public health problem - not only because it is a manifestation of aging but also because it usually takes many years to reach clinical relevance. OA is already one of the ten most disabling diseases in industrialized countries. The huge financial burden emphasizes the acute need for new and more effective treatments for articular cartilage defects, especially since there are few disease modifying drugs or treatments for OA. There is no cure for OA and the management of OA is largely palliative, focusing on the alleviation of symptoms. Recent longitudinal non-controlled trials suggest that autologous chondrocyte transplantation techniques, which are indicated for young people with traumatic cartilage defects, could also be used in degenerative defects of elderly people with OA. This report discusses this therapeutic opportunity in view of some recently published data

Application for Proteomic Techniques in Studying Osteoarthritis: A Review

After the genomic era, proteomic corresponds to a wide variety of techniques that study the protein content of cells, tissue, or organism and that allow the isolation of protein of interest. It offers the choice between gel-based and gel-free methods or shotgun proteomics. Applications of proteomic technology may concern three principal objectives in several biomedical or clinical domains of research as in osteoarthritis: (i) to understand the physiopathology or underlying mechanisms leading to a disease or associated with a particular model, (ii), to find disease-specific biomarker, and (iii) to identify new therapeutic targets. This review aimed at gathering most of the data regarding the proteomic techniques and their applications to osteoarthritis research. It also reported technical limitations and solutions, as for example for sample preparation. Proteomics open wide perspectives in biochemical research but many technical matters still remain to be solved

Bound and Free Light Chains in Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis and Multiple Sclerosis Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid

Peer Reviewe

Muscle: a source of progenitor cells for bone fracture healing

Bone repair failure is a major complication of open fracture, leading to non-union of broken bone extremities and movement at the fracture site. This results in a serious disability for patients. The role played by the periosteum and bone marrow progenitors in bone repair is now well documented. In contrast, limited information is available on the role played by myogenic progenitor cells in bone repair. In a recent article published in BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, Liu et al. compared the presence of myogenic progenitor (MyoD lineage cells) in closed and open fractures. They showed that myogenic progenitors are present in open, but not closed fractures, suggesting that muscle satellite cells may colonize the fracture site in the absence of intact periosteum. Interestingly, these progenitors sequentially expressed a chondrogenic and, thereafter, an osteoblastic phenotype, suggestive of a functional role in the repair process. This finding opens up new perspectives for the research of orthopedic surgical methods, which could maximize myogenic progenitor access and mobilization to augment bone repair

« Alternance vocale en harmonisation : approche mixte écologique et éthique » et ses étranges fondements (logopécare).

Cette présentation théorique vise à inviter les praticiens du soin à ouvrir leurs représentations du soin aux apports d’autres disciplines. Le domaine transversal des études de genre est particulièrement mobilisé pour obtenir des apports sociologiques, philosophiques et politologiques sur le rôle du soignant et son rapport au soigné. Dans un premier temps, trois domaines sont présentés : - L’éthique en logopédie (Kerlan, 2016) qui présente la logopédie comme une discipline intrinsèquement interdisciplinaire s’appuyant épistémologiquement sur quatre rapports fondamentaux que sont le langage, les normes, l’éthique narrative et la relation thérapeutique. - Le care, de ses origines (Gilligan, 2019 [1982]) à sa politisation (Tronto, 2009 [1993]), pour en arriver à ses perspectives (Molinier, 2020 [2013]). Le care est d’abord vu comme une disposition morale, puis comme une pratique, qui devient un outil pour réinvestir affectivement et esthétiquement le travail de soin et de sollicitude. - Le queer (Butler, 2019 [1990]) est un terme polysémique qui permet un corpus théorique, des outils critiques et politiques. Nous le définissons comme une approche ancrée dans les identités sexuelles et de minorités de genre qui critique les normes afin de les abolir stratégiquement. Nous observons les matrices normatives, afin d’en fournir une critique sensible et réparatrice. Le tournant affectif queer (Sedgwick, 2003) propose une nouvelle façon de care pour le groupe. Une façon d’interroger les normes, la relationnalité et le langage, centraux en logopédie, en les interprétant comme des leviers politiques puissants. Cette fusion des trois concepts définis est nommée logopécare. Quelques implications de cette imbrication théorique sont discutées