Young children's understanding of other's mental states: Using robot illustrations

本研究は，イラストを使った人間の行動とロボットの行動を比較することを通して，幼児期における他者の心の理解の発達を検討したものである。45人の幼児に，人間版とロボット版の誤信念課題と道徳判断課題を提示した。人間版とロボット版では，主人公が人間であるかロボットであるかの違い以外はすべて同じ状況で同じ行動とした。その結果，誤信念課題においては，ロボット版の方が人間版より得点が有意に低く，幼児は｢ロボットに対して，人間に対する時ほどには誤信念を考慮しない｣という傾向が明らかになった。道徳判断課題では，作為的な状況であれ不作為的な状況であれ，ロボットの行動と人間の行動の悪さの比較に差はなく，ロボットの行為に対しても，人間の行為に対してと同様の道徳判断をしたことが示唆された

THE EVALUATOR’S ASSESSMENT LEARNING USING STUDENT’S REPORT AT CLASSROOM

In this research, the learner learns from evaluator\u27s assessment for another students report on collaborative evaluation. Our system (evPoints) relate to moodle, that enable to report posting and mutual evaluation. In this paper, we report total design about this research.The Fourth International Conference on e-Learning (ICEL2013), July 8-10, 2013, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republi

Do people behave dishonestly easily?

This study examines whether dishonest behaviors occur easily. In 60 trials, 100 undergraduate students viewed20 dots on a square divided into right and left sides and had to decide which side contained more dots within one second(developed by Gino et al., 2010). In with-reward condition, participants received 0.1 point for each left decision and 1 pointfor each right decision, and they received more sweets depending on points. Therefore, this asymmetrical payment structuretriggered motivation to dishonestly report more right-side dots, even when there are actually more left-side dots. The resultsdemonstrate that participants decided at greater frequencies that more dots were on the right side in with-reward conditionthan in without-reward condition, indicating dishonest behaviors occurred. Furthermore, participants with greater right-sidefrequencies in with-reward condition showed lower points on a morality scale. These results suggest dishonest behaviors occureasily and are related with a decline in morality

Coordination characteristics of trivalent lanthanides and actinides in molten hydrate salts of Ca(NO3)2 and CaCl2

Distribution behavior of Ce(III), Am(III), and Cm(III) between tri-n-butyl phosphate solution and molten calcium nitrate hydrate Ca(NO3)2·RH2O or molten calcium chloride hydrate CaCl2·RH2O was studied radiochemically. In Ca(NO3)2·RH2O systems, maximum separation factors of Ce and Cm to Am were observed to be 12 (Ce/Am) and 1.7 (Cm/Am). The distribution ratios of these elements increased with the decrease of water activity in the hydrates, and the extractabilities at the water deficient region was less sensitive compared to those at the water abundant region. This trend was similar to the coordination circumstance change observed in electronic absorption spectra of Nd(III) in the hydrates