Potential of Utilizing Scrap Processed Cheese as a Major Ration Component for Channel Catfish

Three cages (0.9 m³) were stocked with 200 channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque, fingerlings (73.7 g avg.) in a 1.5 hectare pond. Two cheese rations were formulated and fed to the catfish; the first consisting of cheese, oil, and vitamin C (C + VC)and the second consisting of cheese, cottonseed meal, oil, trace minerals, and vitamins (CC + VM). A commercial trout ration (TC) was fed as a control. High mortalities occurred in the C + VC diet, thus resulting in premature removal of that cage from the study (after 86 days). A sample of 50 fish from the two remaining cages, along with harvest data from the C + VC diet, revealed a 45.6% difference in average fish weight between the C + VC and CC + VM diets, a 63.5% difference between the C + VC diet and TC ration, and 32.9% difference between the CC + VM diet and TC ration. Final harvest of CC + VM and TC cages was completed after 134 days. Comparisons revealed that a 38.3% difference in average fish weight existed between these two diets. Statistical analysis of data indicated that fish fed the CC + VM diet had a significantly lower percentage dress-out weight and a significantly higher amount of mesenteric fat. This experiment does suggest that cheese scraps, when properly balanced with other essential ingredients, may be utilized as a major component of catfish rations

Evaluation of a Full-Fat Soybean Ration for Channel Catfish Production in Cages

An experimental ration consisting of 50% full-fat soybeans, heated 170°C, was compared to a commercial trout chow in a 120-day feeding trial using two stocks of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque. Catfish were reared in 0.9 m³ floating cages, with 200 fish per cage, anchored in a 1.5 hectare farm pond. A Central Arkansas stock significantly outperformed a Southeast Arkansas stock for comparisons of net production and food conversion efficiency (FCE), with 92% greater production and 41% better FCE, respectively. Survival was 90% or greater for all fish. There was no significant difference in dress-out weight between the stocks. However, the catfish fed the trout ration had significantly lower amounts of body fat. The commercial trout chow overall was significantly better for fish production than the full-fat soybean ration. Production with trout chow was 84% greater than with the full-fat soybean ration. Food conversion efficiency was nearly 41% better with the trout ration, while percent body fat was 11% less. There were no differences in percent survival and percent dress-out weight between the rations. The Central Arkansas stock fed the commercial trout ration had the lowest production cost of 0.47¢ per 0.45 kg live weight, while the Southeastern stock had a higher production cost with either feed

The James Webb Space Telescope Mission

Twenty-six years ago a small committee report, building on earlier studies, expounded a compelling and poetic vision for the future of astronomy, calling for an infrared-optimized space telescope with an aperture of at least $4m$. With the support of their governments in the US, Europe, and Canada, 20,000 people realized that vision as the $6.5m$ James Webb Space Telescope. A generation of astronomers will celebrate their accomplishments for the life of the mission, potentially as long as 20 years, and beyond. This report and the scientific discoveries that follow are extended thank-you notes to the 20,000 team members. The telescope is working perfectly, with much better image quality than expected. In this and accompanying papers, we give a brief history, describe the observatory, outline its objectives and current observing program, and discuss the inventions and people who made it possible. We cite detailed reports on the design and the measured performance on orbit.Comment: Accepted by PASP for the special issue on The James Webb Space Telescope Overview, 29 pages, 4 figure

Attaching gold and platinum to the rim of pyrene: A synthetic and spectroscopic study

10.1021/om700716pOrganometallics26276760-6768ORGN

The James Webb Space Telescope Mission

Twenty-six years ago a small committee report, building on earlier studies, expounded a compelling and poetic vision for the future of astronomy, calling for an infrared-optimized space telescope with an aperture of at least 4 m. With the support of their governments in the US, Europe, and Canada, 20,000 people realized that vision as the 6.5 m James Webb Space Telescope. A generation of astronomers will celebrate their accomplishments for the life of the mission, potentially as long as 20 yr, and beyond. This report and the scientific discoveries that follow are extended thank-you notes to the 20,000 team members. The telescope is working perfectly, with much better image quality than expected. In this and accompanying papers, we give a brief history, describe the observatory, outline its objectives and current observing program, and discuss the inventions and people who made it possible. We cite detailed reports on the design and the measured performance on orbit