Jord- og vannovervåking i landbruket (JOVA). Feltrapporter fra programmet i 2006.

Program for Jord- og vannovervåking i landbruket (JOVA) ledes av Bioforsk Jord og miljø, og utføres i samarbeid med en rekke andre institusjoner. Programmet rapporterer årlig overvåkingsresultater fra jordbruksdominerte nedbørfelt over hele landet. Feltene representerer ulike driftsformer, jordbunnsforhold, og hydrologiske og klimatiske forhold. De årlige feltrapportene beskriver jordbruksdrift, og avrenning og tap av næringsstoffer og partikler i de ulike feltene. Tap av partikler og næringsstoffer rapporteres for agrohydrologisk år, 1. mai - 30. april, mens tap av pesticider rapporteres for kalenderår.publishedVersio

Aminopeptidase N is directly sorted to the apical domain in MDCK cells

Abstract. In different epithelial cell types, integral membrane proteins appear to follow different sorting pathways to the apical surface. In hepatocytes, several apical proteins were shown to be transported there indirectly via the basolateral membrane, whereas in MDCK cells a direct sorting pathway from the trans-Golgi-network to the apical membrane has been demonstrated. However, different proteins had been studied in these cells. To compare the sorting of a single protein in both systems, we have expressed aminopep-tidase N, which already had been shown to be sorted indirectly in hepatocytes, in transfected MDCK cells. As expected, it was predominantly localized to the apical domain of the plasma membrane. By monitoring the appearance of newly synthesized aminopeptidase N at the apical and basolateral surface, it was found to be directly sorted to the apical domain in MDCK cells, indicating that the sorting pathways are indeed cell type-specific. p OLARIZED epithelial cells have two distinct plasma membrane domains separated by tight junctions: the basolateral membrane facing the interior (i.e., the serum) and the apical membrane facing the exterior of the organism (i.e., the lumen of the organ). The two domains differ in their protein and lipid composition (reviewed by Simons and Fuller, 1985; Simons and van Meer, 1988), reflecting their specialized biological functions. The question of how the constituents are sorted to the two surface domains has been intensively studied (see recent reviews of Bartles an