Calibration of a polycarbonate etched track detector

The efficiency of the Karlsruhe etched track detector was determined over a wide range of radon exposures. Sixty four detectors were placed in an airtight chamber. The radon concentration was kept at about 80 kBq.m(-3) by circulating air over a solid radium source. At predetermined times, a group of four detectors was taken out of the chamber. The exposure period varied from a few hours up to several months in order to determine the efficiency curve for low exposure as well as for the region of saturation. The functional form y=a (I -e(-bx)) was fitted to the data. The low exposure range was fitted with only the first six data points. The slope is 0.546 tracks.cm(-2).kBq(-1).m(3).h(-1), which is comparable to the earlier value of 0.55 tracks.cm(-2).kBq(-1).m(3).h(-1). The high exposure rang was fitted with the whole data sec. The two curves intersect at 2700 tracks.cm(-2). At higher track densities the curve based on the whole data set has to be used to convert the number of tracks into an exposure

Biological carrier molecules of radiopharmaceuticals for molecular cancer imaging and targeted cancer therapy

Many tumors express one or more proteins that are either absent or hardly present in normal tissues, and which can be targeted by radiopharmaceuticals for either visualization of tumor cells or for targeted therapy. Radiopharmaceuticals can consist of a radionuclide and a carrier molecule that interacts with the tumor target and as such guides the attached radionuclide to the right spot. Radiopharmaceuticals hold great promise for the future of oncology by providing early, precise diagnosis and better, personalized treatment. Most advanced developments with marketed products are based on whole antibodies or antibody fragments as carrier molecules. However, a substantial number of (pre)clinical studies indicate that radiopharmaceuticals based on other carrier molecules, such as peptides, nonimmunoglobulin scaffolds, or nucleic acids may be valuable alternatives. In this review, we discuss the biological molecules that can deliver radionuclide payloads to tumor cells in terms of their structure, the selection procedure, their (pre)clinical status, and advantages or obstacles to their use in a radiopharmaceutical design. We also consider the plethora of molecular targets existing on cancer cells that can be targeted by radiopharmaceuticals, as well as how to select a radionuclide for a given diagnostic or therapeutic product

La qualité de l’emploi et du travail en Belgique en 2021

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Indoor air quality in belgium: CSS n°8794

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Identification and assessment of elevated exposure to natural radiation in Bakan region(Serbia)

International Conference on Radioecology & Environmental Radioactivit