4,943 research outputs found
The alteration of Histone H3 at lysine 4 Trimethylation (H3K4me3) and its significance in ovarian cancer
Targeting alternative splicing in cancer immunotherapy
Tumor immunotherapy has made great progress in cancer treatment but still faces several challenges, such as a limited number of targetable antigens and varying responses among patients. Alternative splicing (AS) is an essential process for the maturation of nearly all mammalian mRNAs. Recent studies show that AS contributes to expanding cancer-specific antigens and modulating immunogenicity, making it a promising solution to the above challenges. The organoid technology preserves the individual immune microenvironment and reduces the time/economic costs of the experiment model, facilitating the development of splicing-based immunotherapy. Here, we summarize three critical roles of AS in immunotherapy: resources for generating neoantigens, targets for immune-therapeutic modulation, and biomarkers to guide immunotherapy options. Subsequently, we highlight the benefits of adopting organoids to develop AS-based immunotherapies. Finally, we discuss the current challenges in studying AS-based immunotherapy in terms of existing bioinformatics algorithms and biological technologies
Minimal sets determining universal and phase-covariant quantum cloning
We study the minimal input sets which can determine completely the universal
and the phase-covariant quantum cloning machines. We find that the universal
quantum cloning machine, which can copy arbitrary input qubit equally well,
however can be determined completely by only four input states located at the
four vertices of a tetrahedron. The phase-covariant quantum cloning machine,
which can copy all qubits located on the equator of the Bloch sphere, can be
determined by three equatorial qubits with equal angular distance. These
results sharpen further the well-known results that BB84 states and six-states
used in quantum cryptography can determine completely the phase-covariant and
universal quantum cloning machines. This concludes the study of the power of
universal and phase-covariant quantum cloning, i.e., from minimal input sets
necessarily to full input sets by definition. This can simplify dramatically
the testing of whether the quantum clone machines are successful or not, we
only need to check that the minimal input sets can be cloned optimally.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Intelligent Safety Warning and Alert System for Car Driving
100學年度研究獎補助論文[[abstract]]The new vehicle performance has been continuously improved and the study results relating to the safety of car driving have also been continuously reported and demonstrated, it is trying to find a balance point between the development of vehicle speed limit and the protection of driver's safety. In the current study and development of various products, no matter it is in the enforcement of vision system, radar detection or the tracing and control it is always asking the driver to watch or handle the possible issues after the occurrence of accidents. In this paper we try to develop a system to provide the prior to accident information to the vehicle control unit so that it enables the vehicle to prevent the happening of accident. During the vehicle movements the system will continuously record the vehicle's moving status and conditions so that the record will provide the decision basis in the accident investigation if it unfortunately happens the fatal accident.[[notice]]補正完畢[[journaltype]]國際[[incitationindex]]EI[[booktype]]紙本[[countrycodes]]TW
Identifying outliers in astronomical images with unsupervised machine learning
Astronomical outliers, such as unusual, rare or unknown types of astronomical
objects or phenomena, constantly lead to the discovery of genuinely unforeseen
knowledge in astronomy. More unpredictable outliers will be uncovered in
principle with the increment of the coverage and quality of upcoming survey
data. However, it is a severe challenge to mine rare and unexpected targets
from enormous data with human inspection due to a significant workload.
Supervised learning is also unsuitable for this purpose since designing proper
training sets for unanticipated signals is unworkable. Motivated by these
challenges, we adopt unsupervised machine learning approaches to identify
outliers in the data of galaxy images to explore the paths for detecting
astronomical outliers. For comparison, we construct three methods, which are
built upon the k-nearest neighbors (KNN), Convolutional Auto-Encoder (CAE)+
KNN, and CAE + KNN + Attention Mechanism (attCAE KNN) separately. Testing sets
are created based on the Galaxy Zoo image data published online to evaluate the
performance of the above methods. Results show that attCAE KNN achieves the
best recall (78%), which is 53% higher than the classical KNN method and 22%
higher than CAE+KNN. The efficiency of attCAE KNN (10 minutes) is also superior
to KNN (4 hours) and equal to CAE+KNN(10 minutes) for accomplishing the same
task. Thus, we believe it is feasible to detect astronomical outliers in the
data of galaxy images in an unsupervised manner. Next, we will apply attCAE KNN
to available survey datasets to assess its applicability and reliability
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