1,325 research outputs found
The Iron and Steel Industry in Asia: Development and Restructuring
The paper examines the development and restructuring of the iron and steel industry
in Asian countries. Studying countries that have integrated steelworks with large
blast furnaces (South Korea, Taiwan, China and India) and countries without
(Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia), the paper shows the difference in the
development processes across the countries and across time, and points to the
diversity of the development experience of these countries. The paper argues that
significant differences in steel production technologies in terms of initial investment
and minimum-efficient scale, the changing role of the state, and shifting demand
structures in the domestic steel markets of each country have been the important
factors that led to the differences in the development path of the steel industry in
each country.Steel, Industrial Development, Asia, Iron
Estimation Prospects of the Source Number Density of Ultra-high-energy Cosmic Rays
We discuss the possibility of accurately estimating the source number density
of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) using small-scale anisotropy in their
arrival distribution. The arrival distribution has information on their source
and source distribution. We calculate the propagation of UHE protons in a
structured extragalactic magnetic field (EGMF) and simulate their arrival
distribution at the Earth using our previously developed method. The source
number density that can best reproduce observational results by Akeno Giant Air
Shower Array is estimated at about in a simple source
model. Despite having large uncertainties of about one order of magnitude, due
to small number of observed events in current status, we find that more
detection of UHECRs in the Auger era can sufficiently decrease this so that the
source number density can be more robustly estimated. 200 event observation
above in a hemisphere can discriminate between
and . Number of events to discriminate
between and is dependent on EGMF strength.
We also discuss the same in another source model in this paper.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Astroparticle
Physic
Truncation Error Analysis of Approximate Operators for a Moving Particle Semi-Implicit Method
This paper considers several approximate operators used in a particle method
based on a Voronoi diagram. Under some assumptions on a weight function, we
derive truncation error estimates for our approximate gradient and Laplace
operators. Our results show that our approximate gradient and Laplace operators
tend to the usual gradient and Laplace operators when the ratio (the radius of
the interaction area/the radius of a Voronoi cell) is sufficiently large. The
key idea of our approach is to divide the integration region into two
ring-shaped areas.Comment: 2 figure
The Iron and Steel Industry in Asia: Development and Restructuring
The paper examines the development and restructuring of the iron and steel industryin Asian countries. Studying countries that have integrated steelworks with largeblast furnaces (South Korea, Taiwan, China and India) and countries without(Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia), the paper shows the difference in thedevelopment processes across the countries and across time, and points to thediversity of the development experience of these countries. The paper argues thatsignificant differences in steel production technologies in terms of initial investmentand minimum-efficient scale, the changing role of the state, and shifting demandstructures in the domestic steel markets of each country have been the importantfactors that led to the differences in the development path of the steel industry ineach country
Towards unravelling the structural distribution of ultra-high-energy cosmic ray sources
We investigate the possibility that near future observations of
ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) can unveil their local source
distribution, which reflects the observed local structures if their origins are
astrophysical objects. In order to discuss this possibility, we calculate the
arrival distribution of UHE protons taking into account their propagation
process in intergalactic space i.e. energy losses and deflections by
extragalactic magnetic field (EGMF). For a realistic simulation, we construct
and adopt a model of a structured EGMF and UHECR source distribution, which
reproduce the local structures actually observed around the Milky Way. The
arrival distribution is compared statistically to their source distribution
using correlation coefficient. We specially find that UHECRs above
eV are best indicators to decipher their source distribution within
100 Mpc, and detection of about 500 events on all the sky allows us to unveil
the local structure of UHE universe for plausible EGMF strength and the source
number density. This number of events can be detected by five years observation
by Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: 7pages, 4 figures, submitted to Ap
In Vitro Susceptibility of Mycobacterium fortuitum Complex to Cephem Antibiotics
The in vitro susceptibility of Mycobacterium fortuitum complex (30 strains of M. fortuitum, 30 strains of M. chelonei subsp. abscessus and 30 strains of M. chelonei subsp. chelonei) to 15 cephem antibiotics was studied on Kirchner's agar medium (containing 10% bovine serum). MIC90 (MIC at which 90% of strains were inhibited) of drugs against these organisms was 100 μg/ml or higher, however, cefoxitin and cefotetan were more active than the other compounds tested, against M. fortuitum strains
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