High-Order Calibration and Data Analysis in Chromatography

Multiway data analysis and tensorial calibration are gaining widespread acceptance with the rapid development of multichannel chromatographic instruments. By combining chromatographic techniques with chemometrics based on high-order calibration methods, some traditional problems in analysis, such as complicated pretreatment steps, long elution times, or even worse analysis results, can be avoided/improved. This chapter presents an overview from second-order to third-order data that cover theories and applications together with corresponding data processing in chromatography

Structural physical approximations and entanglement witnesses

The structural physical approximation (SPA) to a positive map is considered to be one of the most important method to detect entanglement in the real physical world. We first show that an arbitrary entanglement witness (EW) $W$ can be constructed from a separable density matrix $\sigma$ in the form of $W=\sigma-c_{\sigma} I$, where $c_{\sigma}$ is a non-negative number and $I$ is the identity matrix. Following the general form of EWs from separable states, we show a sufficient condition and a sufficient and necessary condition in low dimensions of that SPAs to positive maps do not define entanglement-breaking channels. We show that either the SPA of an EW or the SPA of the partial transposition of the EW in low dimensions is an entanglement-breaking channel. We give sufficient conditions of violating the SPA conjecture [\emph{Phys. Rev. A}{\bf 78,} 062105 (2008)]. Our results indicate that the SPA conjecture is independent of whether or not positive maps are optimal.Comment: 7 pages, fixed some typos, thanks to the many comments received

Design And Experiment of Axial Air-Suction Drum Seed-Metering Device

This study developed an axial air-suction drum seed-metering device without a special vacuum pump and associated pipeline facilities, greatly simplifying the structure of the air-suction drum seed-metering device, which aimed to solve the problems of complex structure and difficult maintenance of traditional air suction drum seed-metering device. The geometric model of the seed-metering device was established by SOLIDWORKS. In addition, numerical simulation tests were carried out on the seed-metering device based on CFD to verify the feasibility of the theoretical operation of the seed-metering device. The seed-metering device was processed and a test bench was built for physical testing, which verified the feasibility of the actual operation of the seed-metering device. The bench test results showed that when the fan speed reached 2100 rpm, the adsorption rate of the seed-metering device on tomato seeds, pepper seeds, and eggplant seeds reached more than 86.39%,87.22%, and 93.06%, respectively. Besides, when the fan speed reached 2400 rpm, the adsorption rate of the seed-metering device on tomato seeds, hot pepper seeds, and eggplant seeds all reached more than 95%, which demonstrated that the seed-metering device has good seed suction performance despite its straightforward design