脳血管疾患を発症し，緊急入院となった成人期患者の家族の体験―緊急入院時，一般病棟転棟時，急性期病院退院時の三時期に焦点をあてて―

目的：脳血管疾患を発症し，緊急入院となった成人期患者家族の体験を明らかにし，その特徴を踏まえた看護実践への示唆を得る． 方法：脳血管疾患を発症し，緊急入院となった成人期患者家族6名に研究同意を得て面接調査を行った．面接内容を対象者が述べた言葉のみでなく，観察された反応，表情，態度等のメッセージも文字化して，Krippendorff, Kの内容分析法を用いて分析した． 結果・考察：三時期の家族の体験を表す27のカテゴリを形成した．緊急入院時には【配偶者の生命の危機に対する衝撃】，一般病棟転棟時には【配偶者の病状変化に対する継続的懸念】，急性期病院退院時には【退院・転院に向けた心身の準備状態の確立の実感】など，三時期で特有の体験をしていた． 結論：家族の体験の特徴を踏まえ，緊急入院時は家族が過酷な状況を乗り越えられるような支援，一般病棟転棟時には感情の揺れに配慮した支援，急性期病院退院時には発達段階を考慮した具体的支援の必要性が示唆された．Purpose: To elucidate the experiences of family members of adults who were urgently hospitalized due to cerebrovascular disease and to obtain insights into nursing practice based on the characteristics of such experiences. Methods: An interview survey was conducted with six family members who agreed to participate in the research. The data were analyzed using Krippendorff’s method of content analysis. Not only words, but also the observed reactions, expressions and manners expressed by family members during the interviews were analyzed. Results: A total of 27 categories were generated for the following three periods: 1) when patients were urgently hospitalized, 2) when patients were transferred to a general ward, and 3) when patients were discharged after urgent hospitalization. The participants had experiences specific to each period, such as‘ feeling shocked and relieved by the spouse being alive’ upon urgent hospitalization,‘ expectations for recovery and worries for disease progression’ upon transfer to a general ward, and‘ being ready to provide support again’ upon discharge after urgent hospitalization. Conclusions: The characteristics of experiences faced by the participants suggest the necessity of the following support strategies: support for family members to overcome critical situations upon immediate hospitalization, support that considers emotional changes upon transfer to a general ward, and support specific to disease progression level upon discharge after immediate hospitalization.原

Argonaute2 is a potential target for siRNA-based cancer therapy for HT1080 human fibrosarcoma.

Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are small RNA molecules that have a potent, sequence-specific gene silencing effect and therefore show promise for therapeutic use as molecular-targeted drugs for the treatment of various genetic diseases, including cancer. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether Argonaute2 (Ago2) is a therapeutically effective target for siRNA-based cancer therapy. Ago2 is the key protein in mammalian RNAi and is also known as the only member of the Ago family that mediates the microRNA (miRNA)-dependent cleavage of targeted mRNAs. It is assumed that these unique properties of the Ago2 protein can play a central role in the regulation of the miRNA pathway and subsequent translational inhibition of miRNA-targeted mRNAs, including cell survival and cancer progression. To assess its therapeutic effect, siRNA against Ago2 (Ago2-siRNA) was transfected into HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells, which are malignant cancer cells. Ago2 gene silencing resulted in the inhibition of cell growth and the induction of apoptosis and G0/G1 arrest in the cell cycle. In addition, Ago2 knockdown induced morphological changes and actin stress fiber formation in the cells. The results of a microarray study showed that Ago2 suppression stimulated several crucial genes related to apoptosis, the cell cycle, immune response, cell adhesion, metabolism, etc. Repeated intratumoral injection of Ago2-siRNA/cationic liposome complex induced tumor growth suppression in an HT1080 xenograft model. These results suggest that the suppression of the Ago2 gene may be useful for the inhibition of cancer progression and that Ago2 may be a desirable target for siRNA-based cancer therapy

老人福祉センターを利用する高齢者の足トラブルの実態と関連要因の分析

【背景・目的】本研究は,老人福祉センターを利用する高齢者の足トラブルの実態と,疾患及び足トラブル相互の関連を分析し, 足トラブルが発生するメカニズムの検討を目的とした. 【方法と対象】利用者101名を対象に, 足部の観察と面接調査を行った. 足トラブルと疾患及び足トラブル相互の関連についてχ 検定を用いて分析した. 【結果】足トラブルは足部皮膚乾燥44.6％, 角質肥厚40.6％, 肥厚爪37.6％の順となっていた. 角質肥厚・足部皮膚乾燥・肥厚爪と高血圧に関連が見られた. 足トラブル相互の関連については, 角質肥厚と肥厚爪, 胼胝と巻き爪に有意な関連が見られた. 【結語】高血圧と足トラブルの関連については不明な部分が多いものの, 末梢循環の低下や降圧利尿剤による影響が考えられ, 足部皮膚乾燥や角質肥厚を有する者の割合が高いことから, 重点的フットケア指導が有用と思われる.Background and Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual status of foot problems in elderly people visiting welfare centers for elderly citizens and analyze the relationships between diseases and foot problems, as well as the mutual relationships among foot problems, to clarify the mechanisms of development of foot problems. Subjects and Methods : We conducted a survey of the actual status of foot problems by observing the feet and conducting interviews of 101 visitors. The relationships between diseases and foot problems, as well as the mutual relationships among foot problems were analyzed by theχ2test. Results : In regard to foot problems,xerosis cutis of the foot was seen in 44.6％ of the subjects,followed in frequency by skin thickening in 40.6％ and nail thickening in 37.6％ of the subjects. All of xerosis cutis, skin thickening and nail thickening were related to the presence of hypertension. As to the mutual relationships among foot problems, there was a significant association between skin thickening and nail thickening, as well as between callus and ingrowing toenails. Conclusion : Although much remains unknown about the association between hypertension and foot problems, reduction in the peripheral circulatory function and use of antihypertensive diuretic drugs may have an influence. Considering the high rates of xerosis cutis and skin thickening encountered in the subjects,we consider that it would be useful to focus on foot care education for elderly people