Community Transport in Central Sydney Local Perspectives

1.What does community transport mean for people in central Sydney? 2.What are the benefits of community transport? 3.What models of community transport are used elsewhere? During the project we conducted a literature review, interviewed community transport clients and local stakeholders and administered a questionnaire for people involved in operating community transport services internationally. The research identified themes to explain what is meant by community transport for clients and service providers. It also documents benefits and examples of community transport models from overseas and locally. The findings highlight not only the benefits of community transport, but also express the difficulties and concerns relating to service provision and key issues for the sector in the future. Community transport tends to be conceptualised in comparison with conventional public transport, principally that it is necessary to fill the gaps left by other services. Community transport is a door-to-door service, which also provides client assistance, for example, to carry shopping, or help clients get on and off the bus. The services Sydney, Australia reflect available funding and existing Home and Community Care (HACC) funding conditions. The practical benefits include tailored transport focussed on meeting the needs of transport disadvantaged older people, those with limited mobility, and individuals with severe or mild disabilities. The ability to respond to local needs and the relationship with drivers were also practical benefits identified. Community transport also contributes to clientsâ independence and reduces reliance on institutional care. Socially, clients identified that the service helped them maintain friendships, and generate new ones

Approaching a strong fourth family

A heavy fourth family is an example of new physics which is well defined and familiar in some respects, but which nevertheless has radical implications. In particular it eliminates a light Higgs description of electroweak symmetry breaking. We discuss an early signal for heavy quarks at the LHC in the form of an excess of "$W$-jets", and as well show how $W$-jets may be useful in the reconstruction of the heavy quark masses. We argue that fourth family quarks can be distinguished from vector-like quarks of a similar mass at roughly the same time that a same sign lepton signal becomes visible. Given the large mass of the fourth neutrino we describe how a picture for neutrino mass emerges in the absence of right-handed neutrinos, and how it suggests the existence of a remnant flavor gauge symmetry. Based on talk given at "Second Workshop on Beyond 3 Generation Standard Model -- New Fermions at the Crossroads of Tevatron and LHC", January 2010, Taipei Taiwan.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures, references added and slight change

Comment on Hogas et al. Salt, Not Always a Cardiovascular Enemy? A Mini-Review and Modern Perspective. Medicina 2022, 58, 1175

Hogas et al. recently published their perspective on dietary salt in a mini review [...

Urinary Sodium Excretion and Blood Pressure Relationship across Methods of Evaluating the Completeness of 24-h Urine Collections

We compared the sodium intake and systolic blood pressure (SBP) relationship from complete 24-h urine samples determined by several methods: self-reported no-missed urine, creatinine index ≥0.7, measured 24-h urine creatinine (mCER) within 25% and 15% of Kawasaki predicted urine creatinine, and sex-specific mCER ranges (mCER 15–25 mg/kg/24-h for men; 10–20 mg/kg/24-h for women). We pooled 10,031 BP and 24-h urine sodium data from 2143 participants. We implemented multilevel linear models to illustrate the shape of the sodium–BP relationship using the restricted cubic spline (RCS) plots, and to assess the difference in mean SBP for a 100 mmol increase in 24-h urine sodium. The RCS plot illustrated an initial steep positive sodium–SBP relationship for all methods, followed by a less steep positive relationship for self-reported no-missed urine, creatinine index ≥0.7, and sex-specific mCER ranges; and a plateaued relationship for the two Kawasaki methods. Each 100 mmol/24-h increase in urinary sodium was associated with 0.64 (95% CI: 0.34, 0.94) mmHg higher SBP for self-reported no-missed urine, 0.68 (95% CI: 0.27, 1.08) mmHg higher SBP for creatinine index ≥0.7, 0.87 (95% CI: 0.07, 1.67) mmHg higher SBP for mCER within 25% Kawasaki predicted urine creatinine, 0.98 (95% CI: −0.07, 2.02) mmHg change in SBP for mCER within 15% Kawasaki predicted urine creatinine, and 1.96 (95% CI: 0.93, 2.99) mmHg higher SBP for sex-specific mCER ranges. Studies examining 24-h urine sodium in relation to health outcomes will have different results based on how urine collections are deemed as complete

General Analysis of Single Top Production and W Helicity in Top Decay

We provide a framework for the analysis of the W boson helicity in the decay of the top quark that is based on a general effective tbW coupling. Four independent coupling coefficients can be uniquely determined by the fractions of longitudinal and transverse W boson polarizations as well as the single top production rates for the t-channel and the s-channel processes. The knowledge of these coefficients can be used to discriminate models of electroweak symmetry breaking.Comment: Typo on Eqs. 5 and 6 correcte

Gallium-assisted diffusion bonding of stainless steel to titanium; microstructural evolution and bond strength

Strong joints between stainless steel 304L and pure titanium (grade-2) were made using the novel method of “gallium-assisted diffusion bonding”. The microstructural evolution and interfacial reactions were investigated in detail. The possible mechanisms of phase changes at the joint interface when bonding with and without a nickel interlayer were identified. Layers of FeTi and (Fe,Cr)2Ti intermetallic compounds were found at the reaction zone in the case of direct bonding, whereas (Fe,Ni)Ti and Fe2Ti phases were identified in the reaction zone of the samples bonded using nickel interlayers. A layer of αFe was observed on the steel side of the reaction zone in both the cases, probably due to the enrichment of Cr at the interface. The diffusion of gallium led to formation of a layer of αTi, while the diffusion of Fe and Ni assisted in the formation of a duplex (α+β)Ti phase in the inter-diffusion zone. The joints fractured along the intermetallic layers at the interface, during tensile testing, with limited ductility. The maximum tensile strengths of the bonded samples were 280 and 313 MPa with and without nickel interlayer, respectively. The latter equals 92% of the tensile strength of the pure grade-2 titanium used in this work (i.e. 340 MPa)

Intelligent fault location in MTDC networks by recognising patterns in hybrid circuit breaker currents during fault clearance process

In this paper, a novel, learning-based method for accurate location of faults in MTDC networks is proposed. By assessing the DC circuit breaker currents during the fault clearance process, a pattern recognition approach is adopted from which the fault location is estimated. The implementation of the algorithm is allocated into three main stages, where similarity coefficients and weighted averaging functions (incorporating exponential kernels) are utilized. For the proposed algorithm, only a short-time window of data (equal to 6 ms) is required. The performance of the proposed method is assessed through detailed transient simulation using verified MATLAB/Simulink models. Training patterns have been retrieved by applying a series of different faults within an MTDC network. Simulation and experimental results revealed that the proposed scheme i) can reliably determine the type of fault ii) can accurately estimate the fault location (including the cases of highly resistive faults) and iii) is practically feasible