Fiscal and Monetary Burden of Tanzania’s Corporate Bodies:The Case of Public Enterprises

The study is presented in two main sections. The first section tackles theoretical issues within the fiscal and monetary framework. The second section presents research findings on how public enterprises influence fiscal and monetary policy, In the case of Tanzania, since this influence has been more negative than positive, we therefore term it budgetary burden. Public enterprises (PEs) have played a dominant role in Tanzania's socio-economic development. However, these enterprises have contributed significantly to economic crises presently facing the country. Precisely, they have been a fiscal and monetary burden to the economy. The main objective of this study is to analyse and make some initial attempts in assessing the magnitude of the burden. To achieve this, it became necessary to collect data of macro-nature at various focal points, namely Ministry of Finance, Tanzania Audit Corporations and various Holding Corporations. These institutions do have consolidated, although rather scanty, data on most of the PEs. The analysis did indicate that the public enterprises have contributed significantly in suffocating the efforts of improving Tanzania's fiscal and monetary aggregates. Consequently, the major recommendation arising from this study is the need to redefine afresh the role of public and private sector in the national economy with the ultimate objective of commercialising and privatising the public enterprises.

The currency ratio in Tanzania: an econometric analysis

This study tested some key hypotheses on the determinants of the currency ratio in Tanzania. The econometric results suggest that real income is, as theorized, negatively related to and a significant determinant of the currency ratio in Tanzania. The estimated income elasticity coefficient, found to be far less than unity, suggests there is poor substitution between currency and demand deposits in Tanzania. The results also showed that expected inflation was negatively related to the currency ratio in Tanzania. While the structural adjustment programme was found to increase and shift upward the currency ratio function in Tanzania, the liberalization of the financial sector was found to shift decrease and shift downward the currency ratio function. Most institutional variables were found to lack the expected sign and significance in explaining the currency ratio in Tanzania, probably because of inadequacy of the proxies used

Multinational corporations and the issue of transfer of technology

Meeting: Eastern African Working Group Meeting on Transfer of Technology, 16-20 Sept. 1981, Arusha, T

Macroeconomic Policy, Capital Inflows and Growth in Tanzania

The paper makes an analysis of the link between macroeconomic policy, private capital inflows and growth in Tanzania by the use of quantitative analysis. The main hypothesis is that policy has both positive and negative influence on private capital inflows, and flows have influence on growth. Estimation results of the private capital inflows equation show no significance of GDP, deficit, inflation and openness coefficients. Despite being insignificant, the coefficients on inflation and interest rate have wrong signs from those expected. As hypothesized, the more a country services its debt, the more foreign capital flows in, and this is also so for the exchange rate and investment in infrastructure. The existence of a parallel market discourages foreign capital inflows as is the case with credit flow to the private sector. From the growth equation it is seen that private capital inflows have positively affected growth, while inflation has had a negative effect. Other variables, credit to the private sector, openness, and infrastructural investment have the right signs as hypothesized, and are significant at conventional significance levels of 5% and 10

Scoping studies on China - Africa economic relations : the case of Tanzania

Tanzania has numerous trade agreements with China, and is China's largest aid recipient country in Africa. Loans or aid from China are not subjected to political conditions, as is often the case with Western countries. Most of the imports from Tanzania to China are primary commodities, while exports from China are manufactured goods. Investments from China are largely motivated to secure sources of energy and raw materials as well as to exploit preferential markets that are accessible to African countries. Future studies are needed, focusing on impact indicators like technology transfer, employment creation, and competitive-threats to local producers