Computations of height 22 higher Real KK-theory spectra at prime 22

We completely compute the $G$-homotopy fixed point spectral sequences at prime $2$ for the height $2$ Lubin-Tate theory $E_2$, in the case of finite subgroups $G$ of the Morava stabilizer group for $G=Q_8,SD_{16},G_{24},$ and $G_{48}$. Our computation uses recently developed equivariant techniques since Hill-Hopkins-Ravenel. We also compute the $(*-\sigma_i)$-graded $Q_8$- and $SD_{16}$-homotopy fixed point spectral sequences where $\sigma_i$ is a non-trivial one dimensional $Q_8$-representation.Comment: 48 pages, comments welcome

Taurochenodeoxycholic Acid Increases cAMP Content via Specially Interacting with Bile Acid Receptor TGR5

Taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA) is one of the main components of bile acids (BAs). TCDCA has been reported as a signaling molecule, exerting anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions. However, it is not well known whether those effects are mediated by TGR5. This study aimed to elucidate the interaction between TCDCA and TGR5. To achieve this aim, first, the TGR5 eukaryotic vector was constructed. The expression level of TGR5 in 293T cells was determined by immunofluorescence, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR, qPCR), and Western blot. The luciferase assay, fluorescence microscopy, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were recruited to check the interaction of TCDCA with TGR5. TCDCA treatment in 293T cells resulted in TGR5 internalization coupled with a significant increase in cAMP luciferase expression. Our results demonstrated that TCDCA was able to bind to the TGR5 receptor and activate it. These results provide an excellent potential therapeutic target for TCDCA research. Moreover, these findings also provide theoretical evidence for further TCDCA research

Effect of crude-herb moxibustion on blood lipids in rats with dyslipidemia

Objective: To evaluate the lipid-regulating effect of crude-herb moxibustion on rats with dyslipidemia. Methods: Fifty-four Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups with nine rats each. Control group rats were fed a normal diet, and bilateral acu-point Fenglong (equivalent to ST40 in humans) on the hind legs were covered with a placebo (general mucilage) for 2 hours each day. Model group rats were fed a high-lipid diet for 2 weeks. Therapy group rats were fed a high-lipid diet for 2 weeks and then administered crude-herb moxibustion at ST40 for 2 hours each day for the next 2 weeks. Prevention group rats were administered crude-herb moxibustion 2 hours a day for 2 weeks and then fed a high-lipid diet for the subsequent 2 weeks. Prevention/Therapy group rats were each administered crude-herb moxibustion at ST40 for 2 hours each day for 2 weeks, followed by a high-lipid diet for the next 2 weeks, and then crude-herb moxibustion again at ST40 for another 2 weeks. Simvastatin group rats were fed a high-lipid diet for 2 weeks and then treated with simvastatin for the next 2 weeks. Blood lipids, hepatosomatic indices (HSIs) and epididymal fat pad weights of all rats were examined. Results: Compared with the Model group, levels of total cholesterol (TC), glycerinate, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) in plasma collected from the Therapy group, the Prevention/Therapy group, and the Simvastatin group were decreased. Moreover, compared with the Model group, HSIs in Therapy group rats were also decreased following administration of crude-herb moxibustion, but TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, and VLDL-C levels in the Prevention group were higher than those in the Model group. Conclusion: The results reveal that blood lipids and HSIs appear to be modulated by the effect of crude-herb moxibustion and suggest therapeutic strategies for the treatment of dyslipidemia

The Bile Acid Membrane Receptor TGR5 in Cancer: Friend or Foe?

The G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor, Gpbar1 or TGR5, is characterized as a membrane receptor specifically activated by bile acids. A series of evidence shows that TGR5 induces protein kinase B (AKT), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK1/2), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), Ras homolog family member A (RhoA), exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac), and transient receptor potential ankyrin subtype 1 protein (TRPA1) signaling pathways, thereby regulating proliferation, inflammation, adhesion, migration, insulin release, muscle relaxation, and cancer development. TGR5 is widely distributed in the brain, lung, heart, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, stomach, jejunum, ileum, colon, brown adipose tissue (BAT), white adipose tissue (WAT), and skeletal muscle. Several recent studies have demonstrated that TGR5 exerts inconsistent effects in different cancer cells upon activating via TGR5 agonists, such as INT-777, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), and taurolithocholic acid (TLCA). In this review, we discuss both the ‘friend’ and ‘foe’ features of TGR5 by summarizing its tumor-suppressing and oncogenic functions and mechanisms

Effect of Process Parameters on Grafting Ratio and Thermal Stability of Lactide-Grafted Sisal Fiber

Polylactide (PLA) was grafted onto sisal fiber (SF) on the basis of the principle of lactide coordinative ring-opening polymerization. The orthogonal test was done to investigate which process parameter affected the grafting ratio mostly. Then the thermal stability of lactide-grafted sisal fiber (SF-g-LA) was studied. Results demonstrated that the lactide was grafted on sisal fiber surface and initiator amount was found to be the most important determinant of the grafting ratio. After grafting copolymerization reaction, the thermal stability of sisal fiber decreased. The increase of grafting ratio does not decreased the thermal stability of SF-g-LA

DataSheet_1_Potentially suitable habitats of Daodi goji berry in China under climate change.docx

IntroductionGoji berry (Lycium barbarum L.) is a famous edible and medicinal herb worldwide with considerable consumption. The recent cultivation of goji berries in the Daodi region was seriously reduced due to increased production costs and the influence of policy on preventing nongrain use of arable land in China. Consequently, production of Daodi goji berry was insufficient to meet market demands for high-quality medicinal materials. Searching for regions similar to the Daodi region was necessary.MethodsThe MaxEnt model was used to predicted the current and future potential regions suitable for goji berry in China based on the environmental characteristics of the Daodi region (including Zhongning County of Zhongwei prefecture-level city, and its surroundings), and the ArcGIS software was used to analyze the changes in its suitable region.ResultsThe results showed that when the parameters were FC = LQHP and RM = 2.1, the MaxEnt model was optimal, and the AUC and TSS values were greater than 0.90. The mean temperature and precipitation of the coldest quarter were the most critical variables shaping the distribution of Daodi goji berries. Under current climate conditions, the suitable habitats of the Daodi goji berry were 45,973.88 km2, accounting for 0.48% of China’s land area, which were concentrated in the central and western Ningxia Province (22,589.42 km2), and the central region of Gansu Province (18,787.07 km2) bordering western Ningxia. Under future climate scenarios, the suitable area was higher than that under current climate conditions and reached the maximum under RCP 6.0 (91,256.42 km2) in the 2050s and RCP 8.5 (82,459.17 km2) in the 2070s. The expansion regions were mainly distributed in the northeast of the current suitable ranges, and the distributional centroids were mainly shifted to the northeast. The moderately and highly suitable overlapping habitats were mainly distributed in Baiyin (7,241.75 km2), Zhongwei (6,757.81 km2), and Wuzhong (5, 236.87 km2) prefecture-level cities.DiscussionIn this stduy, MaxEnt and ArcGIS were applied to predict and analyze the suitable habitats of Daodi goji berry in China under climate change. Our results indicate that climate warming is conducive to cultivating Daodi goji berry and will not cause a shift in the Daodi region. The goji berry produced in Baiyin could be used to satisfy the demand for high-quality medicinal materials. This study addresses the insufficient supply and guides the cultivation of Daodi goji berry.</p

Bioinspired Young's Modulus‐Hierarchical E‐Skin with Decoupling Multimodality and Neuromorphic Encoding Outputs to Biosystems

Abstract As key interfaces for the disabled, optimal prosthetics should elicit natural sensations of skin touch or proprioception, by unambiguously delivering the multimodal signals acquired by the prosthetics to the nervous system, which still remains challenging. Here, a bioinspired temperature‐pressure electronic skin with decoupling capability (TPD e‐skin), inspired by the high‐low modulus hierarchical structure of human skin, is developed to restore such functionality. Due to the bionic dual‐state amplifying microstructure and contact resistance modulation, the MXene TPD e‐skin exhibits high sensitivity over a wide pressure range and excellent temperature insensitivity (91.2% reduction). Additionally, the high‐low modulus structural configuration enables the pressure insensitivity of the thermistor. Furthermore, a neural model is proposed to neutrally code the temperature‐pressure signals into three types of nerve‐acceptable frequency signals, corresponding to thermoreceptors, slow‐adapting receptors, and fast‐adapting receptors. Four operational states in the time domain are also distinguished after the neural coding in the frequency domain. Besides, a brain‐like machine learning‐based fusion process for frequency signals is also constructed to analyze the frequency pattern and achieve object recognition with a high accuracy of 98.7%. The TPD neural system offers promising potential to enable advanced prosthetic devices with the capability of multimodality‐decoupling sensing and deep neural integration