L’articolazione delle costituzioni in Aristotele, Politica III e nelle Divisiones Aristoteleae

The study of πολιτείαι constitutes one of the most famous subjects of Aristotelian political investigation. In the third book of Politics, the analysis of the constitutions was based on a dichotomous principle which divides them into two typologies: those which constitute goods for the πόλις and those which, instead, constitute evils for the πόλις. This bipartition later became paradigmatic also in the expositions of subsequent philosophers. This research aims to analyze the classification proposed by Aristotle in Politics III, concerning the evils (κακία) for the πόλις (i.e. bad constitutions), referring to what it is stated in the Divisiones Aristoteleae, which integrate Aristotelian political discourse, making it more understandable. In particular, the analysis of the Divisions 7M, 51M and 63M allows us to better understand which characteristics founded, for Aristotle, the different types of constitution, supporting the thesis of the goodness of one and the degeneration of the other, in accordance with what Aristotle states in Rhetoric I 8.Lo studio della πολιτείαι costituisce uno dei temi più famosi dell'indagine politica aristotelica. Nel terzo libro della Politica, l'analisi delle costituzioni si basava su un principio dicotomico che le divide in due tipologie: quelle che costituiscono beni per la πόλις e quelle che, invece, costituiscono mali per la πόλις. Questa bipartizione divenne poi paradigmatica anche nelle esposizioni dei filosofi successivi. La presente ricerca si propone di analizzare la classificazione proposta da Aristotele in Politica III, riguardante i mali (κακία) per le πόλις (cioè cattive costituzioni), rifacendosi a quanto affermato nelle Divisiones Aristoteleae, che integrano il discorso politico aristotelico, rendendolo più comprensibile. In particolare, l'analisi delle Divisioni 7M, 51M e 63M permette di comprendere meglio quali caratteristiche fondassero, per Aristotele, i diversi tipi di costituzione, sostenendo la tesi della bontà dell'una e della degenerazione dell'altra, secondo quanto Aristotele afferma in Retorica I 8

Planning the Smart City With Young People: Teenagers' Perceptions, Values and Visions of Smartness

Young people are often seen as "future citizens" and therefore relegated to a back seat in the planning process, awaiting their coming of age. Recent digital transformations in planning have brought new consultation processes but also created a digital divide and conflicting agendas. This article engages with youth, specifically teenagers, a heterogenous community stuck between childhood and adulthood, assumed to possess the necessary digital skills, but usually overlooked in participatory planning processes. This article will examine the case study cities of Manchester, Birmingham, Valencia, and Sofia, where 121 teenagers between 15 and 19 years of age have been interviewed in relation to their awareness and perceptions of digital technologies and smart cities. It focuses on critically examining young people’s perceptions and values towards the smart city. Using the smart city wheel as an engagement and discussion tool, the article presents teenagers’ critique of smart city models and future city visions. The article categorises common threads and values that this demographic has espoused and presents cautionary tales relating to awareness and skills development in this age group. Throughout the interviews and surveys, young people in all four case studies have reported strong affiliations to specific modes of inhabiting the city and values that they would like to see reflected in any future visions. The article identifies key considerations for planners and smart city practitioners when engaging young people in the creation of future city visions

L'autarkeia e i suoi significati in Aristotele

In the area of interest of the present dissertation it has been tried to examine the meanings that the notion of autarkeia acquires in the philosophical thought of Aristotle, dealing initially with the problems concerning the ethical and political aspects of the term, that is the meaning that it acquires when it is referred to mankind, which on the other hand had already been examined by scholars, and then linger over the aspects of biology and Metaphysics. Just these latter, in fact, until now had not been taken in consideration in a principal manner by scholars, and it is also because of this that it had explicitly been tried to conduct a research on autarkeia as most complete as possible, that is such to consider all of its recurrences in Aristotle.Nell’ambito della presente dissertazione si è cercato di esaminare i significati che la nozione di autarkeia assume nel pensiero filosofico di Aristotele, affrontando preliminarmente i problemi concernenti gli aspetti etici e politici del termine, ovvero il significato che esso assume quando viene riferito all’uomo, che peraltro era già stato esaminato dagli studiosi, e soffermandosi poi sugli aspetti fisici, della biologia e della filosofia prima. Proprio questi ultimi, infatti, fino ad ora, non erano stati presi in esame in modo precipuo dagli studiosi, ed è anche per questo che si è esplicitamente tentato di condurre un’indagine sull’autarkeia che fosse più completa possibile, ovvero tale da considerare tutte le sue occorrenze in Aristotele

The Individual Limit of Natural Substances. A Comparison Between Aristotle and Galileo on the Strength of Materials

The Aristotelian text known with the title of Quaestiones mechanicae has greatly and explicitly influenced Galileo’s Discourses and Mathematical Demonstrations Relating to Two New Sciences (1638). In particular, one of 35 questions posed and solved by the author of the Quaestiones mechanicae, is the problem known under the title “Problem of the breaking strength of materials” (Problem XVI). Regarding this problem, the notion of ‘Individual Limit’, which appears in this paper’s title, is central. This problem is discussed and solved by Galileo in a manner very different from that which, at the time of its formulation, was treated by Aristotle. The author of this article has analyzed the two treatments, comparing the proposed solutions, also in the light of scientific and philosophical positions of the two philosophers: Aristotle and Galileo. In  particular, in the context of the following analysis, the author was analyzed first of all the exposition of the problem put forth by Galileo, and then he looked at the solution he proposed. After this, Galileo’s proposal was compared to the one made by Aristotle and, finally, several works by the Stagirite contained in the Corpus Aristotelicum were examined in order to find more precise information on this topic, and to find any affirmations made by Aristotle which may not have been considered before