18 research outputs found

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    Keeping the PROMISE: Factors Affecting Timing to Merit Scholarship Loss

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    Despite increased attention paid to the advent and development of state merit scholarship policies (such as Georgia’s Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) and some evidence that suggests differences in scholarship retention by socioeconomic status or other student characteristics, little empirical work has explored factors affecting scholarship retention. Moreover, no work has explored what affects the timing of scholarship loss. This study employs event history modeling to ascertain not only what factors impact students’ retention of the West Virginia PROMISE Scholarship but also when these factors are most influential

    What Matters in Student Loan Default: A Review of the Research Literature

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    Federal higher education policy has shifted over the past few decades from grants to lloans as the primary means for providing access to postsecondary education for low and moderate-income families. With this shift, policy makers have begun tracking student loan default rates as a key indicator of the efficacy of student loan programs. This effort requires a closer examination of how to define default and what default signifies: What is an acceptable rate of default? What factors contribute to default? Should default rates be used as indicators of institutional quality or loan program efficacy? These questions lead to further investigation of factors influencing default, such as whether default is a function of the characteristics of students or of the institutions they attend, and whether the types of loans borrowed influence the probabilities of default. To help answer these and related questions, this study reviewed the literature of research on student loan default conducted between 1978 and 2007, and identified 41 of the higher quality studies, the findings of which are summarized here

    Promoting or perturbing access: An event history analysis of the effects of financial aid on Latino students' educational attainment

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    At a time when Latinos make up an increasing proportion of the U.S. school population and increasingly seek entrance to postsecondary education the role of financial aid in postsecondary access remains in flux and uncertain. Though federal, state, and institutional grants have historically helped the lowest income students pay for their educational costs, grants have generally not kept pace with increasing costs (Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance, 2001; Ficklen & Stone, 2002). Therefore, education costs have increasingly shifted to students and their families via loans. This shift has a disproportionately negative effect on Latinos (as well as African Americans), who are more likely to come from low- to low-middle income families (Price, 2004). Moreover, recent data suggest that concerns about affordability and access are not the sole domain of low-income families. While the net price (total costs less total grant aid) paid by low-income (<40,000)studentsasaproportionoftotalincomeremainedconstantbetween19921993and20032004forstudentsenrolledatpublicfouryearinstitutions,studentsfromlowmiddleincome(40,000) students as a proportion of total income remained constant between 1992-1993 and 2003-2004 for students enrolled at public four-year institutions, students from low-middle income (40,000 to $69,999) families in the same sector paid more as a proportion of total income. Although low-income students still pay a disproportionately high percent of family income for school (particularly when room and board is included), grant aid helps reduce the net price relatively more for them than for low-middle income students (Baum, Brodigan, & Ma, 2007). It is in this context that this study responds to calls from Carter (2006) and others (Nora, 1990; Nora & Cabrera, 1996; St. John, Paulsen, & Carter, 2005) for more research on the effects of financial aid on underrepresented students. Specifically this study asks, “To what extent do loans, grants, institutional aid, and work-study affect the educational attainment of Latinos and how do these effects change over time?” In addition, this study seeks to address limitations in cross-sectional approaches to studying financial aid use among underrepresented students by employing event history analysis (EHA), a longitudinal method to ascertain the effects of aid in differing time periods. The goal, therefore, is to not only understand more about whether aid promotes or perturbs access for Latinos, but as importantly when those effects occur and how they may vary over time
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