Effects of Air Pollution on Materials and Cultural Heritage: ICP Materials Celebrates 25 Years of Research

An overview is given of all results from the International Co-operative Programme on Effects on Materials including Historic and Cultural Monuments (ICP Materials), which was launched in 1985. Since then, about twenty different materials have been exposed repeatedly in a network of test sites consisting of more than twenty sites with an extensive environmental characterisation and more than sixty official reports have been issued. Recent results on trends in corrosion, soiling, and pollution show that corrosion of carbon steel, zinc, and limestone is today substantially lower than 25 years ago, but while corrosion of carbon steel has decreased until today, corrosion of zinc and limestone has remained more or less constant since the turn of the century. Unique data are given on measured HNO3 concentrations from 2002-2003, 2005-2006, and 2008-2009, and the relative average decrease was about the same from 2002-2003 to 2005-2006 as it was from 2005-2006 to 2008-2009

Trends in ecosystem and health responses to long-range transported atmospheric pollutants : Convention on long-range transboundary air pollution. International cooperative programme on assessment and monitoring effects of air pollution on rivers and lakes

Folia element contents, p. 31-32 ; Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Report No. 6946-2015, revised 21.04.2016The aim of this trend report is to assess the effectiveness of air pollution policies under the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP), and to document progress and identify remaining challenges. Trends in environmental and health responses to long-range transported air pollution are presented, primarily focusing on 1990 to 2012 and on Europe, with additional data from North America and the Arctic region. Air pollutants included in the report are sulphur and nitrogen as acidifying agents, nutrient-nitrogen, ground-level ozone, particulate matter (PM), heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The results are from work done under the bodies of the Working Group on Effects of the LRTAP Convention, i.e. ICP Integrated Monitoring, ICP Forests, ICP Materials, ICP Modelling and Mapping, ICP Vegetation, ICP Waters, JEG Dynamic Modelling and the Task Force on Health. The European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) and the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) also contributed

Microambientes e conservação preventiva em áreas indoor: o caso do espaço interior não climatizado da Casa de Dona Yayá, em São Paulo (Brasil)

Neste artigo, buscou-se resgatar criticamente o histórico do processo de consolidação da noção de conservação preventiva de bens culturais materiais baseada em controle ambiental e expor uma síntese do estado da arte dos conhecimentos sobre a ação dos agentes ambientais nos processos de degradação física, química e biológica dos materiais que tipicamente compõem tais bens. A discussão, desenvolvida principalmente na perspectiva de recintos interiores de instituições envolvidas na preservação da cultura material, perpassou por uma reflexão sobre o conceito de microambientes e microclimas e sobre a conveniência de sua afirmação na abordagem do problema. Os temas tratados foram contextualizados mediante o estudo do caso específico das áreas interiores da Casa de Dona Yayá, em São Paulo, no qual foram apresentadas e debatidas algumas possibilidades de atuação no processo de caracterização dos espaços indoor, suas potencialidades e limitações.This paper makes a critical assessment of the historical consolidation process of the notion of preventive conservation of tangible cultural heritage based on environmental control. Within this aim, a summary of the state-of-the-art of the knowledge on the role of environmental factors in the physical, chemical and biological degradation of the materials that typically compose such artefacts is also presented. The discussion, focused on the perspective of indoor areas of institutions concerned with cultural preservation, encompassed a number of considerations on the concept of microenvironment and microclimate and on the adequacy of their assertion in the approach to the problem. The topics were contextualised through the specific case-study of the indoor areas of the historical building Casa da Dona Yayá (Sao Paulo, Brazil), in which some of the characterisation possibilities, their potentials and limitations, were highlighted and debated