On Scottish sawflies, with results of the 14th International Sawfly Workshop, in the southern Highlands, 2010 (Hymenoptera, Symphyta).

Die Ergebnisse der Feldarbeit aus dem 14. Internationalen Sawfly Workshop werden vorgestellt. Dies fand im südlichen schottischen Hochland, überwiegend in Perthshire, statt. Einige Nachweise von Pflanzenwespen aus anderen Teilen von Schottland sind enthalten. Erstnachweise für die Britischen Inseln werden für acht tenthredinide Arten erbracht: Amauronematus mimus, Phyllocolpa alienata, P. erythropyga, P. plicalapponum, P. plicaphylicifolia, P. prussica, Pristiphora thalictri und Tenthredo ignobilis. A. mimus ist auch aus Irland nachgewiesen. Amauronematus stenogaster ist aus der Liste der Symphyta der Britischen Inseln zu entfernen. Erstmalig sind in Schottland eine Cephiden-Art (Hartigia xanthostoma) und zehn Tenthrediniden gefunden worden (Claremontia uncta, Dolerus brevicornis, Empria basalis, Empria parvula, Parna apicalis, Pristiphora decipiens, Pristiphora leucopus, Pristiphora testacea, Tenthredo mandibularis und Tenthredopsis ornata). Merkmale für die Unterscheidung einzelner Arten werden dargestellt. Der Locus typicus von Nematus herbaceae Cameron, 1876 ist geklärt. Geranium pratense ist als Wirtspflanze von Macrophya albipuncta bestätigt. Salix reticulata ist eine Wirtspflanze von Amauronematus mcluckieae. Sedum rosea kann eine Wirtspflanze von Tenthredo ignobilis sein. Allgemeine Schlussfolgerungen: hoher Artenreichtum der Pflanzenwespenfauna von Perthshire im Vergleich zu anderen Regionen in Schottland, darunter mehrere Arten, die auf den Britischen Inseln nur von dort bekannt sind; die Wichtigkeit der Erhaltung der Lebensräume von Felssimsen; große Defizite in unseren Kenntnissen bei vielen Arten, insbesondere zu Wirtspflanzen, Phänologie und Verbreitung; hoher Wert der Malaise-Falle in faunistischen Untersuchungen von Symphyta, weil das Spektrum von erfassten Taxa sich unterscheidet von dem was mit Streifnetz erfasst wird; Zusammensetzung des 'fall-out’ auf Schneeresten deutet darauf hin, dass Pflanzenwespen in einem größeren Ausmaß als bisher angenommen, aktiver Dispersion innerhalb von Landmassen unterliegen.StichwörterBritish Isles, Cephidae, Pamphiliidae, Tenthredinoidea, hosts, phenology, distribution.Results of fieldwork are presented from the 14th International Sawfly Workshop, held in the southern Highlands of Scotland, mostly in Perthshire. Some records of Symphyta from other parts of Scotland are included. First records in the British Isles are given for eight tenthredinid species: Amauronematus mimus, Phyllocolpa alienata, P. erythropyga, P. plicalapponum, P. plicaphylicifolia, P. prussica, Pristiphora thalictri and Tenthredo ignobilis. A. mimus is also recorded from Ireland. Amauronematus stenogaster is removed from the list of British Isles Symphyta. Recorded for the first time in Scotland are one cephid (Hartigia xanthostoma) and ten tenthredinids (Claremontia uncta, Dolerus brevicornis, Empria basalis, Empria parvula, Parna apicalis, Pristiphora decipiens, Pristiphora leucopus, Pristiphora testacea, Tenthredo mandibularis and Tenthredopsis ornata). Characters useful for the distinction of some species are illustrated. The type locality of Nematus herbaceae Cameron, 1876 is clarified. Geranium pratense is confirmed as a host of Macrophya albipuncta. Salix reticulata is a host of Amauronematus mcluckieae [mandatory correction of spelling of species name]. Sedum rosea may be a host of Tenthredo ignobilis. General conclusions: high species richness of Perthshire sawfly fauna compared to other regions of Scotland, including several species only known in British Isles from there; importance to conservation of rock-ledge habitats; large data deficits for many species, particularly on hosts, phenology and distribution; high value of Malaise traps in faunal survey of Symphyta, because spectrum of taxa captured differs from that recorded by hand-netting; as indicated by species and sex composition of ‘fall-out’ on snow patches, adult sawflies undertake active dispersal, within landmasses, to a greater extent than is often assumed.KeywordsBritish Isles, Cephidae, Pamphiliidae, Tenthredinoidea, hosts, phenology, distribution

Pristiphora groenblomi

Pristiphora groenblomi (LINDQVIST, 1952) Ben Vraikie (1150ft), near Moulin, 1 ♂, 8.vi.2010, leg. Halstead. In Britain previously known only from Aviemore (Benson 1958) and Upper Deeside (Liston 1985).Published as part of Liston, A. D., Knight, G. T., Heibo, E., Bland, K. P., Barstad, Trond Elling, Blank, S. M., Boeve, J. - L., Fiedler, K., Grearson, K. J., Halstead, A., Jacobs, H. - J., Jansen, E., Lonnve, O., Prous, M., Robinson, J. & Taeger, A., 2012, On Scottish sawflies, with results of the 14 International Sawfly Workshop, in the southern Highlands, 2010 (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), pp. 1-68 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62 on page 4

Dolerus brevicornis ZADDACH 1859

Dolerus brevicornis ZADDACH, 1859 Baddoch, 1 ♀, 4.vi.2010, leg. Blank, Liston & Taeger. Dolerus brevicornis was only recently distinguished from D. asper Zaddach, 1859 (Heidemaa et al. 2004). Both species occur in the British Isles, but their distribution needs clarification. The above records are the first of D. brevicornis from Scotland.Published as part of Liston, A. D., Knight, G. T., Heibo, E., Bland, K. P., Barstad, Trond Elling, Blank, S. M., Boeve, J. - L., Fiedler, K., Grearson, K. J., Halstead, A., Jacobs, H. - J., Jansen, E., Lonnve, O., Prous, M., Robinson, J. & Taeger, A., 2012, On Scottish sawflies, with results of the 14 International Sawfly Workshop, in the southern Highlands, 2010 (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), pp. 1-68 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62 on page 3

Pachynematus clibrichellus

Pachynematus clibrichellus (CAMERON, 1878) Dumfriesshire, White Coomb, north of summit, ca 750 m, 1 ♂, 19.vi.2010, leg. Liston. Recorded by Benson (1958) from “Perths., Inverness, Angus, Sutherland and Caithness, mostly on mountain tundra, but at sea level at Wick in Caithness[..]”, but also found by Nelson (1971) at high altitudes in the northern Pennines of England. It is therefore of little surprise that Pachynematus clibrichellus has now been found on one of the highest hills in the Southern Uplands of Scotland, where a few other very local occurrences of ‘arctic-alpine’ sawfly species are already known (Liston 1983b; 1984, record refers to Pontania herbaceae).Published as part of Liston, A. D., Knight, G. T., Heibo, E., Bland, K. P., Barstad, Trond Elling, Blank, S. M., Boeve, J. - L., Fiedler, K., Grearson, K. J., Halstead, A., Jacobs, H. - J., Jansen, E., Lonnve, O., Prous, M., Robinson, J. & Taeger, A., 2012, On Scottish sawflies, with results of the 14 International Sawfly Workshop, in the southern Highlands, 2010 (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), pp. 1-68 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62 on page 4

Parna apicalis

Parna apicalis (BRISCHKE, 1888) Malleny Woods and Colinton Dell; several leaf-mines on Common Lime (T. x vulgaris Heyne), 19.vi.2010, leg. Liston. Most vacated, but 2 still with larvae. Parna apicalis was first recorded as a British species by Edmunds et al. (2007), but perhaps was previously overlooked, rather than being a very recently introduced species. Both Dr M. R. Shaw (pers. comm.) and Liston probably observed the characteristic leaf-mines in the Edinburgh area as early as the 1980’s, but at the time attributed these to Parna tenella (Klug, 1816).Published as part of Liston, A. D., Knight, G. T., Heibo, E., Bland, K. P., Barstad, Trond Elling, Blank, S. M., Boeve, J. - L., Fiedler, K., Grearson, K. J., Halstead, A., Jacobs, H. - J., Jansen, E., Lonnve, O., Prous, M., Robinson, J. & Taeger, A., 2012, On Scottish sawflies, with results of the 14 International Sawfly Workshop, in the southern Highlands, 2010 (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), pp. 1-68 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62 on page 4

Claremontia uncta

Claremontia uncta (KLUG, 1816) Fealar Gorge, NN9979, Perths. (89), 1 ♀, 15.v- 9.vi.1999 (1), leg. Bland, det. Liston. Claremontia uncta, together with C. tenuicornis and C. alchemillae, forms a complex of biologically and morphologically poorly understood species (Liston et al. 2006). According to recent determinations, all three are present in Scotland.Published as part of Liston, A. D., Knight, G. T., Heibo, E., Bland, K. P., Barstad, Trond Elling, Blank, S. M., Boeve, J. - L., Fiedler, K., Grearson, K. J., Halstead, A., Jacobs, H. - J., Jansen, E., Lonnve, O., Prous, M., Robinson, J. & Taeger, A., 2012, On Scottish sawflies, with results of the 14 International Sawfly Workshop, in the southern Highlands, 2010 (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), pp. 1-68 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62 on page 3

Athalia rosae

Athalia rosae (LINNAEUS, 1758) Roseburn, 2 ♀♀, 20.vi.2010, leg. Liston (SDEI, RSME). Liston (2008) discussed the recent reappearance of A. rosae in Scotland. The individuals above (see also Table 1) were found in vegetation in which the known larval hosts (principally cultivated Brassicaceae) are largely absent. Perhaps these three females were part of a dispersal event. During the preceding days, a strong wind blew from the North. Is it chance that the first records of A. rosae in Scotland since 1859 (Berwickshire) were to the North of Edinburgh (St. Andrews, Fife, 2007; Liston 2008)? It seems worth noting that all records of A. rosae in Scotland have until now been from the East Coast and that no male has yet been found.Published as part of Liston, A. D., Knight, G. T., Heibo, E., Bland, K. P., Barstad, Trond Elling, Blank, S. M., Boeve, J. - L., Fiedler, K., Grearson, K. J., Halstead, A., Jacobs, H. - J., Jansen, E., Lonnve, O., Prous, M., Robinson, J. & Taeger, A., 2012, On Scottish sawflies, with results of the 14 International Sawfly Workshop, in the southern Highlands, 2010 (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), pp. 1-68 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62 on page 3

Tenthredo mandibularis * Fabricius 1804

Tenthredo mandibularis FABRICIUS, 1804 Edinburgh; Roseburn: 3 ♂♂, 16.vi.2010, leg. Liston; 1 ♀, 17.vi.2010, leg. Liston. Midlothian, Gorebridge, Gore Glen, 1 ♂, 18.vi.2010. Edinburgh, Juniper Green, W. of Leith, 1 ♀, 19.vi.2010, leg. Liston. Angus, 3 miles North of Kirriemuir, 2 ♂♂ (many more individuals seen, but only these two taken as vouchers), 23.vi.2010, leg. Liston (SDEI, RSME). These Scottish adults were collected exclusively from stands of Petasites hybridus, which seems likely to be the larval host. According to Benson (1952) Tenthredo mandibularis is “Recorded from Dorset, Hants., Essex, Kent, Beds., Oxon., Yorks., and Cheshire. Probably occurs wherever the Petasites is abundant in England.” No previous records from Scotland of this conspicuous and distinctive species are known. Published hostplant records refer only to Petasites, usually without naming a species (Lorenz & Kraus 1957), or identify only P. albus as a host (Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer 2000). According to observations apparently made only by Brischke (1883), but often repeated in subsequent publications without citation of the source, Petasites officinalis (a synonym of P. hybridus) and Tussilago farfara are hosts. Tussilago farfara is the main or only host of T. mandibularis in Norway according to Heibo & Lönnve (2005).Published as part of Liston, A. D., Knight, G. T., Heibo, E., Bland, K. P., Barstad, Trond Elling, Blank, S. M., Boeve, J. - L., Fiedler, K., Grearson, K. J., Halstead, A., Jacobs, H. - J., Jansen, E., Lonnve, O., Prous, M., Robinson, J. & Taeger, A., 2012, On Scottish sawflies, with results of the 14 International Sawfly Workshop, in the southern Highlands, 2010 (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), pp. 1-68 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62 on pages 54-5

Microdiprion pallipes

Microdiprion pallipes (FALLÉN, 1808) Beinn Eighe NNR, NH0064, Wester Ross, native pinewood, 1 ♀, 11.v.-13.vi.1988, Malaise trap, leg. I. MacGowan (RSME). Both the above individuals (see also Table 1) are extremely pale. The lateral parts of the abdominal terga and most of the sterna are bright yellow. In the field, the Claybokie specimen was initially mistaken because of its pale colouration for Monoctenus juniperi (Linnaeus, 1758). However, the female of M. juniperi has at most a band of orange-brown along the lateral margins of the terga. Benson (1959) referred Scottish populations of M. pallipes to ssp. pallipes, found also from northern Fennoscandia south to around Berlin in Germany (Forsslund 1960). The nominate subspecies was considered to be replaced by M. pallipes ssp. politum (Klug, 1812), adults of which are much darker, in Alpine and pre-Alpine Europe. Mallach (1973) discussed some of the problems attached to the distinction of these putative subspecies. The description by Enslin (1917) of variability in colouration in Lophyrus (M.) pallipes still seems very fitting.Published as part of Liston, A. D., Knight, G. T., Heibo, E., Bland, K. P., Barstad, Trond Elling, Blank, S. M., Boeve, J. - L., Fiedler, K., Grearson, K. J., Halstead, A., Jacobs, H. - J., Jansen, E., Lonnve, O., Prous, M., Robinson, J. & Taeger, A., 2012, On Scottish sawflies, with results of the 14 International Sawfly Workshop, in the southern Highlands, 2010 (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), pp. 1-68 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62 on page 4

Pachynematus clitellatus

Pachynematus clitellatus (SERVILLE, 1823) Dumfriesshire, White Coomb, 4 ♂♂, 19.vi.2010, leg. Liston. Treated in the sense of Taeger & Blank (1998). Male specimens from Meall nan Tarmachan, White Coomb and Corrie Fee, leg. Heibo and Liston key to P. kirbyi (Dahlbom, 1835) in Benson (1958) and might well be considered to represent a different species. These were swept from marshy land dominated by Carex, whilst P. clitellatus s. str. is also found on dry areas and is attached perhaps only to various Poaceae.Published as part of Liston, A. D., Knight, G. T., Heibo, E., Bland, K. P., Barstad, Trond Elling, Blank, S. M., Boeve, J. - L., Fiedler, K., Grearson, K. J., Halstead, A., Jacobs, H. - J., Jansen, E., Lonnve, O., Prous, M., Robinson, J. & Taeger, A., 2012, On Scottish sawflies, with results of the 14 International Sawfly Workshop, in the southern Highlands, 2010 (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), pp. 1-68 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62 on page 4