Transition from education to foreign labour market of Polish youngsters

The paper deals with the problems associated with entering into the labour market by graduates of various kinds of schools. However, it applies to a specific group of young Poles – migrants, who experienced professional initiation on foreign labour market. The article refers to the process of transition from education to foreign labour market, which is not related to a single act of undertaking work abroad, but to the period of entering into the foreign labour market, to the transition from one state on the labour market to another. The author used diverse data: the data from public statistics BAEL and data obtained from other sources – ethno-survey data, qualitative structured interviews and professional biographies. In the analysis, three categories of young Poles entering into the foreign labour market were identified: graduates of British universities, graduates of Polish universities and graduates of secondary and vocational schools from small towns and villages. Subsequently, these groups were portrayed using quantitative and qualitative data. As an example, the author showed the representations of professional biographies of the young in all discussed categories and referred them to the models of transition from education to domestic labour markets by the young.Artykuł mieści się w problematyce powiązanej z wchodzeniem na rynek pracy absolwentów różnego rodzaju szkół. Dotyczy jednak specyficznej grupy młodych Polaków- migrantów, którzy doświadczyli inicjacji zawodowej na zagranicznym rynku pracy. Artykuł odnosi się do procesu przejścia z edukacji na zagraniczny rynek pracy, który łączy się nie z jednorazowym aktem powiązanym z podjęciem zatrudnienia zagranicą, ale z okresem wchodzenia w zagraniczny rynek pracy, przechodzenia z jednego stanu na rynku pracy do drugiego. W artykule zostały wykorzystane zróżnicowane dane: dane pochodzące ze statystyki publicznej- BAEL oraz dane wytworzone poza statystyką publiczną- dane etnosondażowe, jakościowe wywiady ustrukturyzowane i biografie zawodowe. W analizie wyróżniono trzy kategorie młodych Polaków wchodzących na zagraniczny rynek pracy: absolwentów brytyjskich uczelni, absolwentów polskich uczelni oraz absolwentów szkół średnich i zawodowych pochodzących z małych miast i wsi. Następnie grupy te sportretowano przy użyciu danych ilościowych i jakościowych. Jako egzemplifikacje pokazano reprezentacje biografii zawodowych młodych we wszystkich omówionych kategoriach i odniesiono je do modeli przechodzenia z edukacji na rodzime rynki pracy przez młodych

SPATIAL MOBILITY, SOCIAL MOBILITY, AND PROFESSIONAL CAREERS OF MIGRANTS: AIMS, PROBLEMS AND RESEARCH APPROACHES

The social and geographical mobility, including international migration, interlink and interplay but are approached by different research methods. This article makes an effort to combine these approaches of researching mobility. The studies on social and occupational mobility of migrants may relate to, at least, three dimensions: (1) between sending and receiving countries (a comparison of the pre-departure and during migration socio-occupational positions of migrants); (2) in the receiving country (socio-occupational positions of migrants are compared to those of natives); (3) in the sending country (a comparison of the pre-on-post migration socio-occupational positions of migrants). The article considers the third approach. First part relates to the critical analysis of various approaches of researching social mobility and international mobility. In the following, as based on the nearly two decades of studies of Centre of Migration Research, University of Warsaw, various options of analyses of occupational careers of international migrants have been presented. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches have been taken into account in this article. Therefore, this article made possible an analysis of pros and cons of both approaches and brought an evidence that they complement each other while studying occupational careers of migrants

MIGRATION – AN EPISODE OR A STAGE IN ONE’S WORK LIFE?

The article deals with the interweaving relations between two types of social mobility: socio-occupational mobility, understood as the sequencing of an occupational career, and international geographical mobility. The introduction points to methodological challenges in conducting such analyses which demand an interplay of both quantitative and qualitative research approaches. Subsequent sections present both of them. The quantitative perspective facilitates the analysis of the sequence of job positions in Poland and act/s of migration. The occupational careers are divided into two types: stable and changeable. This approach allows for the analysis of occupational careers of migrants in comparison to the careers of the non-migrant population. The second part of the article explains the meaning of migration for the occupational lives of the people involved. This meaning may differ due to the various socio-economic opportunity structures of migrants and their own refl ections on the role of migration in their work life

THE IMPACT OF MIGRATION IN THE VOCATIONAL LIFE OF MEN AND WOMEN

The author examines the difference of the role of migration in men’s and women’s careers. The theoretical entry point is Merton’s concept of opportunity structure and its significance for clarifying the means by which individual social actors - male and female migrants - achieve their goals. On the basis of qualitative research conducted among migrants (a series of in-depth interviews of a career-biographical nature) the career paths of migrants within the country and abroad are presented: both in objective terms and in terms of the migrants’ subjective perceptions, including the significance they themselves ascribe to the role of migration. In addition, the author tests the hypothesis thatmen andwomen react differently to the opportunity structure connected to migration and take advantage of it differently

ZNACZENIE MIGRACJI W ŻYCIU ZAWODOWYM KOBIET I MĘŻCZYZN / THE IMPACT OF MIGRATION IN THE VOCATIONAL LIFE OF MEN AND WOMEN

The author examines the difference of the role of migration in men’s and women’s careers. The theoretical entry point is Merton’s concept of opportunity structure and its significance for clarifying the means by which individual social actors - male and female migrants - achieve their goals. On the basis of qualitative research conducted among migrants (a series of in-depth interviews of a career-biographical nature) the career paths of migrants within the country and abroad are presented: both in objective terms and in terms of the migrants’ subjective perceptions, including the significance they themselves ascribe to the role of migration. In addition, the author tests the hypothesis thatmen andwomen react differently to the opportunity structure connected to migration and take advantage of it differently