5,706 research outputs found
Improved characterisation of intra-night optical variability of prominent AGN classes
The incidence of intra-night optical variability (INOV) is known to to differ
significantly among different classes of powerful active galactic nuclei (AGN).
A number of statistical methods have been employed in the literature for
testing the presence of INOV in the light curves, sometimes leading to
discordant results. In this paper we compare the INOV characteristics of six
prominent classes of AGN, as evaluated using three commonly used statistical
tests, namely the test, the modified test and the test, which
has recently begun to gain popularity. The AGN classes considered are:
radio-quiet quasars (RQQs), radio-intermediate quasars (RIQs), lobe-dominated
quasars (LDQs), low optical polarization core-dominated quasars (LPCDQs), high
optical polarization core-dominated quasars (HPCDQs), and TeV blazars. Our
analysis is based on a large body of AGN monitoring data, involving 262
sessions of intra-night monitoring of a total 77 AGN, using 1-2 metre class
optical telescopes located in India. In order to compare the usefulness of the
statistical tests, we have also subjected them to a `sanity check' by comparing
the number of false positives yielded by each test with the corresponding
statistical prediction. The present analysis is intended to serve as a
benchmark for future INOV studies of AGN of different classes.Comment: 26 pages, 2 tables, Accepted for publication in MNRA
On the photometric error calibration for the `differential light curves' of point-like Active Galactic Nuclei
It is important to quantify the underestimation of rms photometric errors
returned by the commonly used \emph APPHOT algorithm in the \emph IRAF
software, in the context of differential photometry of point-like AGN, because
of the crucial role it plays in evaluating their variability properties.
Published values of the underestimation factor, , using several different
telescopes, lie in the range 1.3 - 1.75. The present study aims to revisit this
question by employing an exceptionally large data set of 262 differential light
curves (DLCs) derived from 262 pairs of non-varying stars monitored under our
ARIES AGN monitoring program for characterizing the intra-night optical
variability (INOV) of prominent AGN classes. The bulk of these data were taken
with the 1-m Sampurnanad Telescope (ST). We find = 1.540.05 which
is close to our recently reported value of = 1.5. Moreover, this
consistency holds at least up to a brightness mismatch of 1.5 mag between the
paired stars. From this we infer that a magnitude difference of at least up to
1.5 mag between a point-like AGN and comparison star(s) monitored
simultaneously is within the same CCD chip acceptable, as it should not lead to
spurious claims of INOV.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures and 1 table; accepted for publication in JAp
A study of anaemia and its correlates among adolescent girls in schools of Haldwani, India
Background: Anaemia, a manifestation of under nutrition and poor dietary intake of iron is a public health problem, not only among pregnant women, infants and young children but also among adolescents. Anaemia among adolescent girls can result in impaired physical growth, poor cognition, reduced physical fitness and work performance and lower concentration on daily tasks.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in schools of Haldwani, Uttarakhand, India with the objective studying various socio-demographic characteristics in relation to anaemia among adolescent girls. Multistage random sampling was used to select adolescent girls of 10 to 19 years of age who were interviewed and examined. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test and Odds ratios calculated with SPSS v21.Results: Around 371 girls in present study had varying severity of anaemia and majority had mild to moderate anaemia. Place of residence, type of school, birth order, type of family and mother occupation were significantly associated with presence of anaemia. Girls taking mixed diet were 1.23 times more likely to be non-anaemic as compared to girls taking vegetarian diet. Study showed adolescent girls consuming IFA tablets were less likely anaemic compared to those not consuming (OR=0.09, p<0.001).Conclusions: Among school going adolescent girls nearly half are still suffering from anaemia in India, despite the efforts of government and it is still a challenging public health problem
Bulk Viscosity of Magnetized Neutron Star Matter
We study the effect of magnetic field on the bulk viscosity of nuclear matter
in neutron stars. We employ the framework of relativistic mean field theory to
observe the dense nuclear matter in neutron stars. The effects are first
studied for the case when the magnetic field does not exceed the critical value
to confine the electrons to the lowest Landau levels. We then consider the case
of intense magnetic field to evaluate viscosity for the URCA processes and show
that the inequality is no longer required to
be satisfied for the URCA processes to proceed.Comment: Latex 2e file with four postscripts figure
Symmetry structure and phase transitions
We study chiral symmetry structure at finite density and temperature in the
presence of external magnetic field and gravity, a situation relevant in the
early Universe and in the core of compact stars.
We then investigate the dynamical evolution of phase transition in the
expanding early Universe and possible formation of quark nuggets and their
survival.Comment: Plenary talk given at the 4th. ICPAQGP held at Jaipur, India from Nov
26-30, 2001.laTex 2e file with 8 ps figures and 12 page
Extragalactic radio sources with sharply inverted spectrum at metre wavelengths
We present the first results of a systematic search for the rare
extragalactic radio sources showing an inverted (integrated) spectrum, with
spectral index , a previously unexplored spectral domain. The
search is expected to yield strong candidates for , for which
the standard synchrotron self-absorption (characterized by a single power-law
energy distribution of relativistic electron population) would not be a
plausible explanation, even in an ideal case of a perfectly homogeneous source
of incoherent synchrotron radiation. Such sharply inverted spectra, if found,
would require alternative explanations, e.g., free-free absorption, or
non-standard energy distribution of relativistic electrons which differs from a
power-law (e.g., Maxwellian).
The search was carried out by comparing two sensitive low-frequency radio
surveys made with sub-arcminute resolution, namely, the WISH survey at 352 MHz
and TGSS/DR5 at 150 MHz. The overlap region between these two surveys contains
7056 WISH sources classified as `single' and brighter than 100 mJy at 352 MHz.
We focus here on the seven of these sources for which we find .
Two of these are undetected at 150 MHz and are particularly good candidates for
. Five of the seven sources exhibit a
`Gigahertz-Peaked-Spectrum' (GPS).Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
Neutrino opacity in magnetised hot and dense nuclear matter
We study the neutrino interaction rates in hot matter at high densities in
the presence of uniform magnetic field. The neutrino cross-sections involving
both the charged current absorption and neutral current scattering reactions on
baryons and leptons have been considered. We have in particular considered the
interesting case when the magnetic field is strong enough to completely
polarise the protons and electrons in supernovae and neutron stars. The opacity
in such a situation is considerably modified and the cross-section develops
anisotropy. This has implications for phenomenon invoked in the literature to
explain the observed pulsar kicks.Comment: 22 latex pages and 7 postscript figure
Hybrid Stars
Recently there have been important developments in the determination of
neutron star masses which put severe constraints on the composition and
equation of state (EOS) of the neutron star matter. Here we study the effect of
quark and nuclear matter mixed phase on mass radius relationship of neutron
stars employing recent models from two classes of EOS's and discuss their
implications.Comment: 3 pages LaTeX including 2 figures, macros included, Talk presented at
the IX International Symposium on Particles, Strings and Cosmology
(PASCOS'03), TIFR, Mumbai, India, January 3-8,2003. To appear in their
proceeding
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