Effects of Acetabular Positioning in Total Hip Arthroplasty

Positioning of the acetabular component is critical to a successful total hip arthroplasty. This dissertation retrospectively examines 1,010 hips to study the effect of acetabular position on patient reported functional outcomes, which is not currently elucidated in literature. As the modified Hardinge approach is one of the most common surgical approaches used for total hip arthroplasty, we studied the same cohort to ascertain the accuracy of cup placement when using this approach. Moreover, the effect of acetabular position on polyethylene wear rates is prospectively examined in 43 hips with highly crosslinked polyethylene using radiostereometric analysis. Absolute and relative acetabular position was found to be weakly correlated with functional outcomes but the results are not clinically significant. Furthermore, cup position did not correlate with polyethylene wear in highly crosslinked polyethylene. The modified Hardinge approach was found to be 43.6% accurate in achieving the intended combined anteversion and inclination angle. While specific intraoperative targets for acetabular position may be important for hip stability, there may be no change in patient outcomes and polyethylene wear

Surgeon’s perspective on rare yet potentially fatal complication of GI perforation following endoscopy

Gastrointestinal endoscopy plays an essential role in the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of pathologies of the GI tract. New-generation endoscopes, advanced imaging technologies, the introduction of new therapeutic devices into clinical practice, and modification of old techniques have expanded both the diagnostic and therapeutic armamentarium of the endoscopist. complications are rare with a rate of less than 1 per 5000 cases. perforations are either due to therapeutic dilatation,  coagulation or passage of side viewing instrument  into the duodenum. Here we present a case of 56 yr old male who underwent diagnostic endoscopy for peptic ulcer. I t lead to endoscope induced large duodenal perforation of about 10 cms in its long axis recognized at laparotomy 10 days after the intervention.it is important to mention the perforation was repaired surgically and patient developed no post operative complications. Undesired complications though rare, are potentially fatal and risks need to be evaluated before performing all endoscopic procedure

RE-Tagger: A light-weight Real-Estate Image Classifier

Real-estate image tagging is one of the essential use-cases to save efforts involved in manual annotation and enhance the user experience. This paper proposes an end-to-end pipeline (referred to as RE-Tagger) for the real-estate image classification problem. We present a two-stage transfer learning approach using custom InceptionV3 architecture to classify images into different categories (i.e., bedroom, bathroom, kitchen, balcony, hall, and others). Finally, we released the application as REST API hosted as a web application running on 2 cores machine with 2 GB RAM. The demo video is available here.Comment: European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases (DEMO TRACK

Glycopenic endometrium in infertility

Background: Infertility is a global health problem affecting 8-10% couples worldwide. Endometrium is considered to be sensitive indicator of ovarian, pituitary and hypothalamic function. The endometrium, which fails to produce adequate amount of glycogen is termed as ‘glycopenic uteri’. Glycopenic endometrium is said to be unfavourable for early blastocyst implantation leading to infertility in spite of ovulation. Endometrial aspiration/biopsy can be histologically dated based on the Dallenbach-Hellweg criteria which forms an essential part of histopathological examination of endometrium for infertility work-up. The aim of the study was to study the correlation of glycogen content with endometrial histomorphology in infertility.Methods: Cross-sectional observational study in which one hundred twenty-two endometrial specimens sent as curetting/ biopsy were studied. The Glycogen content of endometrium was graded from + to ++++ as given by Arzac and Blanchet. Statistical analysis was done on SPSS version 26.0. The categorical variables were represented by count (percentage) and the continuous variables were represented by mean±SD. The Chi-square test was used to find the association of glycogen content with infertility, the various phases of the endometrium and age.Results: Glycopenic endometrium was seen in 36.9% cases of infertility. Out of which, glycopenic endometrium was much more prevalent in patients with secondary infertility (47%) as compared to patients with primary infertility (35.1%).  Conclusions: Glycogen depletion in secretory phase results in inadequate preparation of endometrium at the time of implantation. Assessment of glycogen is considered to be an essential part of histopathological examination

Le point de vue des patients sur le degré de participation des résidents en salle d’opération dans le cas d’une arthroplastie totale de la hanche ou du genou

Introduction: Previous work suggests that patients do not understand the extent of trainee involvement in their care and are uncomfortable with trainee involvement. Methods: We recruited 202 English speaking patients with previous or planned total joint arthroplasty of the lower limb for a prospective survey trial. We assessed participant’s knowledge of trainee level of education and confidence of trainee involvement in their surgery as a function of supervision. Results: Participants’ mean level of confidence in the consultant surgeon was 4.30 (SD±1.13) on a 5-point Likert scale. Confidence in residents was significantly less, regardless of resident experience (p < 0.05). 11.1% of participants did not want trainees involved in their treatment.  60.6% would like to know more about the education level of the trainee. Less than half of participants correctly identified the education level of residents and fellows. Conclusion: Patient confidence in trainees performing part or all of their surgery increases with resident experience and supervision. Most patients do not understand the hierarchy in education of medical trainees and would like to know more about the education level of the trainee involved in their care. Further work should explore how we can help patients better understand trainee involvement in their surgical care.Contexte: Des travaux antérieurs suggèrent que les patients ne comprennent pas le degré de participation des stagiaires dans leurs soins et que cette participation les rend mal à l’aise. Méthodes : Nous avons recruté 202 patients anglophones qui ont eu ou qui vont avoir une arthroplastie totale du membre inférieur pour un essai prospectif par sondage. Nous avons évalué les connaissances des participants sur le niveau de formation des résidents et leur confiance dans la participation des stagiaires dans l’intervention en fonction de la supervision dont ils font l’objet. Résultats : Le niveau moyen de confiance des participants dans le chirurgien consultant était de 4,30 (SD±1,13) sur une échelle de Likert à 5 points. Le degré de confiance dans les résidents était bien inférieur, quelle que soit l’expérience du résident (p < 0,05). Parmi les participants, 11,1 % ne voulaient pas que les résidents interviennent dans leur traitement et 60,6 % souhaitaient en savoir plus sur leur niveau de formation. Moins de la moitié des participants ont correctement identifié le niveau de formation des résidents et des fellows. Conclusion : La confiance des patients par rapport au fait que les stagiaires effectuent une partie ou la totalité de l’intervention chirurgicale augmente avec l’expérience et la supervision des résidents. La plupart des patients ne comprennent pas les niveaux de formation des stagiaires en médecine et voudraient en savoir plus sur celui du médecin en formation qui intervient dans leurs soins. Des études plus poussées s’imposent sur la manière d’aider les patients à mieux comprendre la participation des stagiaires dans les soins chirurgicaux

Accuracy of the modified Hardinge approach in acetabular positioning

© 2016 Joule Inc. or its licensors. Background: The surgical approach chosen for total hip arthroplasty (THA) may affect the positioning of the acetabular component. The purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy in orienting the acetabular component using the modified Hardinge approach. Methods: We used our institutional arthroplasty database to identify patients with primary, press-fit, hemispherical acetabular components of a metal-on-polyethylene THA performed between 2003 and 2011. Patients with radiographs obtained 1-3 years after the index procedure were included for measurement of anteversion and inclination angles. Acceptable values of anteversion and abduction angles were defined as 15° ± 10° and 40° ± 10°, respectively. Results: We identified 1241 patients from the database, and the modified Hardinge approach was used in 1010 of the patients included in our analysis. The acetabular component was anteverted in the acceptable zone in 54.1% of patients. The abduction angle was within the defined range in 79.2% of patients. Combined anteversion and abduction angles within the defined zone were present in 43.6% of patients. Conclusion: Consistent with studies examining accuracy from other approaches, our study reveals that the modified Hardinge approach was only moderately accurate in positioning the acetabular component in the acceptable zone

Fe3O4, ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO- Fe3O4 based nanocomposites for waste water treatment: an adsorptive photocatalytic based approach

Iron and zinc based metallo nanoparticles have attracted intensive research interest due to their adsorption and photocatalytic properties. However, the practical application of using these nanoparticles individually always has problems related to selectivity, recovery and reusability. We developed a one-pot synthesis route for multifunctional (ZnO-Fe3O4) nanocomposites. In this study, synthesis and characterization of Fe3O4 NPs, different morphology of ZnO nanostructure (rods, flowers and faceted structures) and ZnO-Fe3O4 (ZF)nanocomposites was investigated and their application in removal of toxic metal ions (Pb(II) and Cu(II)) and organic dye (Methylene Blue) from contaminated water was studied. The detailed characterization of synthesized nanoparticles was carried out using X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy, Vibrating Sample Magnetometer and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were decorated on the surface of ZnO. Presence of Fe3O4 in ZF nanocomposites was also confirmed using ICP-OES and the result suggested that 7.29 wt% of Fe3O4 is present in ZF nanocomposites. Photocatalytic property of ZnO nanostructures and ZF nanocomposite was tested using degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under UV irradiation. It was observed that 50 mg L-1 of ZF nanocomposite was able to remove 89.2%. ZnO flower showed highest degradation efficiency of 98.57%. Adsorption efficiency of ZF nanocomposite was studied using adsorption of Pb2+ and Cu2+ metal ions (at pH 5.5) on the surface of ZF nanocomposite due to its high surface area. The multifunctional ZF nanocomposite demonstrated promising application in simultaneous removal of heavy metal ions and organic dye which can also be separated by magnet and can be reused multiple times. The results with ZF composites pave way to tailor the composition of the nano ZF composite adsorbent to tackle site-specific contaminations.by Prateek GoyalM.Tech

Photodegradation and Adsorption study of multifunctional ZnO-Fe3O4 nanocomposites for removal of heavy metals (Pb2+ and Cu2+) and organic dye (Methylene Blue)

by Prateek Goyal and Superb K. Misr

Food Classification using Joint Representation of Visual and Textual Data

Food classification is an important task in health care. In this work, we propose a multimodal classification framework that uses the modified version of EfficientNet with the Mish activation function for image classification, and the traditional BERT transformer-based network is used for text classification. The proposed network and the other state-of-the-art methods are evaluated on a large open-source dataset, UPMC Food-101. The experimental results show that the proposed network outperforms the other methods, a significant difference of 11.57% and 6.34% in accuracy is observed for image and text classification, respectively, when compared with the second-best performing method. We also compared the performance in terms of accuracy, precision, and recall for text classification using both machine learning and deep learning-based models. The comparative analysis from the prediction results of both images and text demonstrated the efficiency and robustness of the proposed approach.Comment: Updated results and discussions to be posted and some sections needed to be expande

Multifunctional Fe3O4-ZnO nanocomposites for environmental remediation applications

We developed a one-pot synthesis route for multifunctional (ZnO-Fe3O4) nanocomposites. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were decorated on the surface of ZnO. The formation of ZnO- Fe3O4 (ZF) nanocomposite was confirmed using XRD, FE-SEM and ICP-OES. This work comprises of adsorption, photocatalysis and antibacterial studies. Photocatalytic property of ZF nanocomposite was tested using degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under UV irradiation. It was observed that 50?ppm of ZF nanocomposite was able to remove 89.2%. Adsorption efficiency of ZF nanocomposite was studied using adsorption of Pb2+ and Cu2+ metal ions (at pH 5.5) on the surface of ZF nanocomposite due to its high surface area. Antibacterial activity of ZF nanocomposite against E. coli and S. aureus was also tested and the nanocomposites showed efficient antimicrobial efficacy. The obtained multifunctional ZF nanocomposite demonstrated promising application in simultaneous removal of heavy metal ions, organic dye and bacterial pathogens, which can also be separated by magnet and can be reused multiple times. The results with ZF composites pave way to tailor the composition of the nano ZF composite adsorbent to tackle site-specific contamination.by Prateek Goyala, Swaroop Chakrabortyb and Superb K. Misra