Occurrence of refeeding syndrome in adults started on artificial nutrition support: prospective cohort study

This final article is available for use under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 2.0 Licence; see http://bmjopen.bmj.comRefeeding syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition characterised by severe intracellular electrolyte shifts, acute circulatory fluid overload and organ failure. The initial symptoms are non-specific but early clinical features are severely low-serum electrolyte concentrations of potassium, phosphate or magnesium. Risk factors for the syndrome include starvation, chronic alcoholism, anorexia nervosa and surgical interventions that require lengthy periods of fasting. The causes of the refeeding syndrome are excess or unbalanced enteral, parenteral or oral nutritional intake. Prevention of the syndrome includes identification of individuals at risk, controlled hypocaloric nutritional intake and supplementary electrolyte replacementPeer reviewedFinal Published versio

Mental Health Experiences in the Workplace

This study examined the real life experiences in the workplace related to employees with mental health issues. It examined these experiences to evaluate differences in perspective on issues arising from the mental health conditions among the employee, the manager, and coworkers. It explored organizational efforts to support employees with mental health issues and the capabilities of those involved in the process. This is a qualitative phenomenological study in which the author explored employer experiences through interviews with HR professionals and employee perspectives through interviews with mental health professionals. The questions asked in these interviews gathered information on one or more employees and clients. The implications of this study are that employees with mental health issues are often capable of long-term employment relationships and employers have the opportunity to provide education on mental health, reduce stigmas, and promote mutually beneficial employment relationships with employees managing mental health issues

Implicit Racial Bias in Public Defender Triage

Despite the promise of Gideon, providing “the guiding hand of counsel” to indigent defendants remains unmanageable, largely because the nation’s public defender offices are overworked and underfunded. Faced with overwhelming caseloads and inadequate resources, public defenders must engage in triage, deciding which cases deserve attention and which do not. Although scholars have recognized the need to develop standards for making these difficult judgments, they have paid little attention to how implicit, i.e., unconscious, biases may affect those decisions. There is reason to suspect that unconscious biases will influence public defender decisionmaking due to generations of racial stereotypes specific to stigmatized groups and crime. This Essay urges legal scholars and practitioners to consider how implicit biases may influence the rationing of defense entitlements and suggests ways to safeguard against the effects of these unconscious forces