End-to-end deep learning inference with CMSSW via ONNX using docker

Deep learning techniques have been proven to provide excellent performance for a variety of high-energy physics applications, such as particle identification, event reconstruction and trigger operations. Recently, we developed an end-to-end deep learning approach to identify various particles using low-level detector information from high-energy collisions. These models will be incorporated in the CMS software framework (CMSSW) to enable their use for particle reconstruction or for trigger operation in real-time. Incorporating these computational tools in the experimental framework presents new challenges. This paper reports an implementation of the end-to-end deep learning inference with the CMS software framework. The inference has been implemented on GPU for faster computation using ONNX. We have benchmarked the ONNX inference with GPU and CPU using NERSCs Perlmutter cluster by building a docker image of the CMS software framework.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, CHEP2023 proceedings, submitted to EPJ Web of Conference

SamBaS: Sampling-Based Stochastic Block Partitioning

Community detection is a well-studied problem with applications in domains ranging from networking to bioinformatics. Due to the rapid growth in the volume of real-world data, there is growing interest in accelerating contemporary community detection algorithms. However, the more accurate and statistically robust methods tend to be hard to parallelize. One such method is stochastic block partitioning (SBP) - a community detection algorithm that works well on graphs with complex and heterogeneous community structure. In this paper, we present a sampling-based SBP (SamBaS) for accelerating SBP on sparse graphs. We characterize how various graph parameters affect the speedup and result quality of community detection with SamBaS and quantify the trade-offs therein. To evaluate SamBas on real-world web graphs without known ground-truth communities, we introduce partition quality score (PQS), an evaluation metric that outperforms modularity in terms of correlation with F1 score. Overall, SamBaS achieves speedups of up to 10X while maintaining result quality (and even improving result quality by over 150% on certain graphs, relative to F1 score).Comment: Updated to latest submitted versio

Kinematic Evidence of an Embedded Protoplanet in HD 142666 Identified by Machine Learning

Observations of protoplanetary disks have shown that forming exoplanets leave characteristic imprints on the gas and dust of the disk. In the gas, these forming exoplanets cause deviations from Keplerian motion, which can be detected through molecular line observations. Our previous work has shown that machine learning can correctly determine if a planet is present in these disks. Using our machine learning models, we identify strong, localized non-Keplerian motion within the disk HD 142666. Subsequent hydrodynamics simulations of a system with a 5 Jupiter-mass planet at 75 au recreates the kinematic structure. By currently established standards in the field, we conclude that HD 142666 hosts a planet. This work represents a first step towards using machine learning to identify previously overlooked non-Keplerian features in protoplanetary disks.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Accepted to Ap

Exact Distributed Stochastic Block Partitioning

Stochastic block partitioning (SBP) is a community detection algorithm that is highly accurate even on graphs with a complex community structure, but its inherently serial nature hinders its widespread adoption by the wider scientific community. To make it practical to analyze large real-world graphs with SBP, there is a growing need to parallelize and distribute the algorithm. The current state-of-the-art distributed SBP algorithm is a divide-and-conquer approach that limits communication between compute nodes until the end of inference. This leads to the breaking of computational dependencies, which causes convergence issues as the number of compute nodes increases, and when the graph is sufficiently sparse. In this paper, we introduce EDiSt - an exact distributed stochastic block partitioning algorithm. Under EDiSt, compute nodes periodically share community assignments during inference. Due to this additional communication, EDiSt improves upon the divide-and-conquer algorithm by allowing it to scale out to a larger number of compute nodes without suffering from convergence issues, even on sparse graphs. We show that EDiSt provides speedups of up to 23.8X over the divide-and-conquer approach, and speedups up to 38.0X over shared memory parallel SBP when scaled out to 64 compute nodes

CrunchGPT: A chatGPT assisted framework for scientific machine learning

Scientific Machine Learning (SciML) has advanced recently across many different areas in computational science and engineering. The objective is to integrate data and physics seamlessly without the need of employing elaborate and computationally taxing data assimilation schemes. However, preprocessing, problem formulation, code generation, postprocessing and analysis are still time consuming and may prevent SciML from wide applicability in industrial applications and in digital twin frameworks. Here, we integrate the various stages of SciML under the umbrella of ChatGPT, to formulate CrunchGPT, which plays the role of a conductor orchestrating the entire workflow of SciML based on simple prompts by the user. Specifically, we present two examples that demonstrate the potential use of CrunchGPT in optimizing airfoils in aerodynamics, and in obtaining flow fields in various geometries in interactive mode, with emphasis on the validation stage. To demonstrate the flow of the CrunchGPT, and create an infrastructure that can facilitate a broader vision, we built a webapp based guided user interface, that includes options for a comprehensive summary report. The overall objective is to extend CrunchGPT to handle diverse problems in computational mechanics, design, optimization and controls, and general scientific computing tasks involved in SciML, hence using it as a research assistant tool but also as an educational tool. While here the examples focus in fluid mechanics, future versions will target solid mechanics and materials science, geophysics, systems biology and bioinformatics.Comment: 20 pages, 26 figure

Confortavelmente entorpecido: produção e consumo de romances de folhetim na obra Rocambole, de Ponson du Terrail

The aim of this work is to analyze the set of novels that have the character Rocambole as protagonist, a work written by an author who today fell into ostracism, but who during the Second French Empire (1852-1870) was a true reading phenomenon, Ponson du Terrail (1829-1871). The novels we will analyze were published between 1857 and 1870 and printed in small daily doses in the footnotes of some Parisian newspapers. This way of marketing literary productions was called roman-feuilleton. The widespread consumption of serials novels is permeated by several factors, such as industrial development and the significant increase in relation to the social classes that were able to consume newspapers. It is worth noting that another determining condition for the popularity of this type of novel was the way in which they were written, as a light reading work, which could be consumed at any time of the day, whether at work or at some leisure time. With this work we hope to develop the complexity that encompasses the French serial novel that runs through the years 1850 to 1870, focusing on the work Rocambole and the reasons for its great success, to the point that Ponson du Terrail succeeded in overcoming renowned authors of his time, as was the case with Eugène Sue (1804-1857) and Alexandre Dumas (1802-1870). It is important to emphasize that this work will take into account not only the physical changes and class ascension by which the city of Paris was inserted during the Second Empire, but also narrative and stylistic factors, having as its concept of mass culture, which permeate the work Rocambole and that would be one of the main ways to understand its great popularity among 19th century readers. Finally, we intend to show that the novel written by Terrail was in charge of effectively expanding the literary productions that are part of mass culture, in which the Parisian newspapers that published Rocambole's adventures reached print runs never recorded before.O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o conjunto de romances que possui o personagem Rocambole como protagonista, obra esta escrita por um autor que hoje caiu no ostracismo, mas que durante o Segundo Império francês (1852-1870) foi um verdadeiro fenômeno de leitura, Ponson du Terrail (1829-1871). A publicação dos romances que analisaremos ocorreu entre os anos de 1857 a 1870 e fora impresso em pequenas doses diárias nos rodapés de alguns jornais parisienses. Essa forma de comercializar as produções literárias recebeu o nome de roman-feuilleton. O amplo consumo dos romances de folhetim está impregnado por diversos fatores, como o desenvolvimento industrial e o significativo aumento em relação às classes sociais que tinham condições de consumir os jornais. Vale salientar que outra condição determinante para a popularidade desse tipo de romance era a forma com que eles eram redigidos, como uma obra de leitura leve, que poderiam ser consumidos em qualquer ocasião do dia, seja no trabalho ou em algum momento de ócio. Com este trabalho esperamos desenvolver a complexidade que abrange o romance de folhetim francês que perpassa os anos de 1850 a 1870, tendo como foco a obra Rocambole e os motivos de seu grande sucesso, a ponto de que Ponson du Terrail conseguiu desbancar autores renomados de sua época, como foi o caso de Eugène Sue (1804-1857) e Alexandre Dumas (1802-1870). É importante ressaltar que este trabalho levará em conta não apenas as modificações físicas e de ascensão de classes pela qual a cidade de Paris fora inserida durante o Segundo Império, mas também fatores narrativos e estilísticos, tendo como norte o conceito de cultura de massa, que perpassam a obra Rocambole e que seria um dos principais caminhos para compreendermos a sua grande popularidade entre os leitores oitocentistas. Por fim, pretendemos evidenciar que o romance escrito por Terrail ficou a cargo de expandir de forma efetiva as produções literárias que fazem parte da cultura de massa, no qual os jornais parisienses que publicavam as aventuras de Rocambole atingiram tiragens nunca registradas antes